• Journal of muscle and joint health
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.15-26
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a Dongsasub training applying aroma necklace for nursing students in clinical practicum, and to evaluate the training programs' effects on perceived stress, self-esteem, depression, and clinical competence of the participants. Methods: This study used a cluster-randomized controlled trial design. Participants were 56 nursing students taking clinical practicum courses (26 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group). The training program consisted of four sessions of Dongsasub training and wearing a necklace where a mixture of aroma oils attached. Participants in experimental group were given a necklace with essential oil mixture of lavender, bergamot, and geranium with the ratio of 1:1:1 for 2 weeks. The control group received no intervention. Outcome variables included perceived stress, self-esteem, depression, and clinical competence. Data were analyzed with Fisher's exact test, Chi-square, Independent t-test using the SPSS/WIN 21.0. Results: Independent t-test revealed that perceived stress (t=3.15, p=.003), depression (t=4.62, p<.001) were significantly lower in the experimental group than the control group; self-esteem (t=-3.03, p=.004), clinical competence (t=-2.15, p=.036) scored significantly greater than the control group. Conclusion: The results indicate that the Dongsasub training with application of the aroma necklace can be used as an effective nursing intervention for lowering perceived stress, depression and improving self-esteem, clinical competence of nursing students.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.914-924
• /
• 2018

In this paper, we implement an Android application for infant language education using marker-based augmented reality. Combining animal word markers (noun), size/color word markers (adjective), and action word markers (verb) in puzzle form to make a simple sentence, the application shows virtual contents related to the content of the sentence. For example, when an animal marker is showed up on a camera, the corresponding animal appears. Additionally, when the motion markers are combined, the animal's appearance changes into an animation in which it acts. When a user touched a marker, user can hear the sound of the word, which gives an auditory effect, and by adding the rotation function, user can see the animation in any direction. Our goal is to increase infants' interest in learning language and also increase the effectiveness of education on the meaning of words and the structure of simple sentences, by encouraging them to actively participate in language learning through visual and auditory stimuli.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.3-14
• /
• 2019

Copper is one of the first metals utilized by humankind about 11,500 years ago. But copper is not plentiful metallic element in the earth's crust. Copper has a high thermal and electric conductivity and is relatively corrosion resistant. In principle copper is virtually 100 % recyclable as an element without loss of quality. The recycling of copper scrap reduces the energy consumption and environmental burden, comparing to the primary metal production. Currently, approximately 30% of the global copper supply provides by recycling. Copper scrap is smelted in primary and secondary smelter. Type of furnace and process steps depend on the quality and grade of scrap. Depending on copper content of the secondary raw material, refining is required, which is usually done through electrorefining. This work provides an overview of the primary copper production and recycling process.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2019

This paper proposes using machine-learning technology to analyze and classify historical collected documents based on them. Data is collected based on keywords associated with a specific domain and the non-conceptuals such as special characters are removed. Then, tag each word of the document collected using a Korean-language morpheme analyzer with its nouns, verbs, and sentences. Embedded documents using Doc2Vec model that converts documents into vectors. Measure the similarity between documents through the embedded model and learn the document classifier using the machine running algorithm. The highest performance support vector machine measured 0.83 of F1-score as a result of comparing the classification model learned.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.50
• /
• pp.453-482
• /
• 2018

This study is about the French preposition de. This preposition is considered to have no meaning in the French language, and to have only the grammatical function in its use. This study begins with doubts about such views regarding this preposition. We organize and classify general descriptions of the uses of this preposition. The uses are classified as 'expressing starting point,' 'giving characteristics' and 'performing grammatical functions' and this data is analyzed in terms of the associated cognitive grammar. In the case of expressing the starting point, it is assumed that the trajector moves from the starting point, to the destination point, in the domain of space and in the domain of time. Therefore, it is noted in this case that the preposition de has a dynamic concept. On the other hand, it is significant to understand that the preposition of the 'giving characteristics' defines an outline of a particular class by giving the class's characteristics. The preposition de has a static concept in this case. For the preposition de which introduces the infinitive, all of these dynamic and static concepts are faded and extremely grammaticalized.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2021

The purpose of the study is to examine online grammar checkers and suggest when they could be used in English writing classes. The study was conducted in the second semester of 2019 at D University in Chungcheong-do, with a total of 35 first-year students participating in the study. For data collection, pre and post grammar tests, questionnaires, and learning journals were collected and analyzed. The results of this study are as follows. First, based on the results of the English grammar test, the online grammar checker was found to be effective in English writing class. Second, students judged whether accepting or not rather than accepting feedback provided by online grammar checker. Third, among the feedback provided by the online grammar checker, the order of (in)definite article, preposition, punctuation, verb number, and noun number were found. The several implications and limitations of this study are discussed.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.433-438
• /
• 2021

This study investigates the relationship between lexical sophistication features and English proficiency for Korean college students. Essays from the ICNALE(International Corpus Network of Asian Learners of English) corpus were analyzed, using TAALES program. In order to examine whether or not there are statistically significant differences in lexical sophistication features across three groups, MANOVA was conducted. Results showed that the lexical sophistication features were significantly affected by English proficiency level. Essays written by Korean students with different English proficiency levels can be differentiated in terms of various lexical sophistication features including content words frequency, content words familiarity, lexical decision mean reaction time function words, hypernymy verbs, word naming response time function words, age of acquisition content words.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.134-140
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the directives and Wh-words in the directives from elementary 2nd, 4th and 6th grade Korean textbooks. After entering all directives into Microsoft Office Excel, directives with Wh-words were separated. The analysis program, Natmal, was used for the analysis of the directives and Wh-words. The criteria from previous studies were also applied for this analysis process. As a result of the study, there are a lot of nouns and verbs in directives. They were consisted of sentences with an average of 6.9 Eojeol. There were a total of 11 types of Wh-words and 'Mueot(what), Eotteon(which), eotteohge(how)' appeared most frequently in all grades. For question types, both grades had more inferential questions than literal information questions. This results were expected to be used as basic data for language interventions with school aged children who have language disorders.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.245-251
• /
• 1994

The initial growth and herbicidal responses of Scirpus planiculmis were examined under both laboratory and greenhouse condition. Initial growth of S. planiculmis at two different soils(soil A and B), was compared with the growth at normal paddy soil, and growth rates at two soils were 32% and 86% as compared to the growth rates at normal paddy soil. Two different soils were soil A(rice-uncultivable) and soil B(rice-cultivable). Transplanted(2.5 leaf stage) and direct seeded rice(Dongjinbyeo) could not grow at soil A. The growth of transplanted rice at soil B was almost same as the growth at normal paddy soil, but the growth of direct seeded rice was 50% of the growth at normal paddy soil. S. planiculmis among the perennial weeds was most tolerant to NaCl, and Cyperus serotinus, Eleocharis kuroguwai, Sagittaria pygmaea, Sagittaria trifolia, Potamogeton distinctus were followed. The intial growth rate of S. planiculmis was more rapid than C. serotinus. Cutting types and times of corm reduced 20-40% of the initial growth of S. planiculmis. During the initial growth of S. planiculmis, the growth of S. planiculmis was severly inhibited by the earlier removal of corm from seedlings, and it represents that the corm plays an important role in the initial growth of this species. Bentazone among 14 commercialized herbicides showed the best safety on direct seeded rice and the highest control effect agaist S. planiculmis.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.11-20
• /
• 2017

Ninety species belonging to 28 families of weeds were identified in Korean rice fields. They were divided by eight provinces and 19 agro-climatic zones to be used as basic data of weed control. Looking at the regional weed occurrence, there were 52 species of 20 families in Gyeonggi, 37 species of 17 families in Gangwon, 41 species of 15 families in Chungbuk, 21 species of 12 families in Chungnam, 24 species of 13 families in Jeonbuk, 54 species of 21 families in Chonnam, 36 species of 20 families in Gyeongbuk, and 32 species of 16 families in Gyeongnam province, respectively. The most dominant family was Poaceae followed by Cyperaceae and Asteraceae. Mostly dominant species were Echinochloa spp., Monochoria vaginalis var. plantaginea, Scirpus juncoides var. hotarui, Eleocharis kuroguwai, and Sagittaria sagittifolia subsp. leucopetala with slight differences among the provinces. Although there were some differences in 18 climate zones from Taebaek sub-highlands to the southern part of the East Coast (except for the Taebaek Highland), the dominant species were Echinochloa spp., Monochoria vaginalis var. plantaginea and Scirpus juncoides var. hotarui. The most dominant family was Cyperaceae followed by Poaceae and Asteraceae. The differences of weed occurrence between provinces and agro-climatic zones were largely influenced by various weather conditions rather than the provinces. The changes in cultivation mode and herbicide use might influence as well.