• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.191-195
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• 2009

We assessed the effect of surimi gel, which is prepared from the king oyster mushroom (pleurotus eryngii) and cuttlefish meat paste (KCP) on lipid metabolism and antioxidant activity in high-cholesterol-fed rats. Three groups of 3-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed on a diet containing 1 g cholesterol/kg for 6 weeks. We administered only a high-cholesterol diet to the control group, one group was fed on surimi gel containing cuttlefish paste and king oyster mushrooms, and another group was fed with general boiled fish meat paste (GFP), which is commonly sold in marketplaces. Plasma and hepatic lipid profiles were measured, and the antioxidant status of the liver was assessed. The plasma triglyceride concentration did not differ significantly among the groups. Supplementation with KCP resulted in lower plasma and hepatic cholesterol concentrations and atherogenic index as compared to the control group and GFP, whereas the plasma high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentration was elevated. Moreover, the KCP-supplemented animals evidenced greater bile acid excretion. The KCP groups evidenced significantly lower plasma and hepatic levels of thiobarbituric acidreactive substances as compared to the control group. Besides, hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities, including catalase and superoxide dismutase, were significantly higher in the KCP group. In conclusion, KCP was quite effective in improving the lipid metabolism and reducing oxidative stress by upregulating the hepatic antioxidant enzymes in high-cholesterol-fed rats.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.5009-5022
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to obtain the serum lipid levels according to the lifestyles, and examine the influence of lifestyles on the serum lipid levels among adults who examined the health checkup in an university hospital. The subjects for this study were 4,112 adults who underwent medical examinations at the health center of a university hospital in Daejeon city from Jan 2012 to Dec 2013. The lifestyles and serum lipid levels of study subjects were obtained from self-recorded questionnaires and medical examination charts of the hospital. As a result, the mean values of the serum lipid levels (TC, HDL-C. LDL-C and TG) and atherogenic index (AI) of the study subjects showed a significantly difference according to the lifestyle, such as age, alcohol consumption, smoking, regular exercise, overeating and meat consumption in both sexes. The TC, HDL-C. LDL-C, TG and AI showed a positive correlation with age, AUDIT score, but the HPI score showed a negative correlation in both sexes. In the age-adjusted odds ratio, the risk ratio of an abnormality of TC, HDL-C. LDL-C, TG and AI increased significantly because there was an increase in the group of everyday overeating and meat consumption, smoking group, no exercise group, and low HPI group than their respective counterparts in both sexes. The above results suggested that the serum lipid levels of the subjects was closely related to increasing age, and lifestyles, such as alcohol consumption, smoking, regular exercise, overeating, and meat consumption.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.392-398
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to assess improvements caused by silk sericin extract in blood glucose and lipid concentrations in the sera of streptozotocin(STZ, 55 mg/kg B.W., I.P. injection)-induced diabetic rats fed on experimental diets for 5 weeks. Serum concentrations of blood glucose, total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, triglyceride(TG) and phospholipids(PL) were remarkably higher in the diabetic group(group BSW) and STZ(I.P.)-plus-silk sericin extract group(group ESS) than in the control group(group CG, basal diet-plus-water). However, the serum concentrations of blood glucose, total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, TG and PL were lower in the ESS group than in the BSW group, whereas the ratio of HDL-cholesterol concentration to total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentration in the ESS group were higher than in the BSW group. The activities of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and aminotransferase(AST, ALT) in serum were lower in the ESS group than in the diabetic BSW group. The results shown above suggested that silk sericin extract effectively improves blood glucose and lipid concentrations in the sera of STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.175-182
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• 2006

Diets consist of two different pork samples: pork of a Jeju native pig ( 260 days old, $101{\sim}103kg$ ) not fed tangerine byproduct during finishing period ($T_0$), and pork fed 8% and 15% tangerine byproduct during growing and finishing period ($T_1$), respectively. The effects of the diet on the physiological activities of rats were studied by feeding 17-week old rats with the two diets for 4 weeks. There was no significant difference between $T_0$ and $T_1$ in the rat's feed intake, feed efficiency ratio, and weight gain. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between $T_0$ and $T_1$ in the rat's weight of liver, kidney, spleen, epididymal fat pad, triglyceride and cholesterol of liver. Both $T_0$ and $T_1$ showed similar trends in terms of total lipid, phospholipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, atherogenic index, protein, glucose, hemoglobin level, mineral level, and ${\gamma}$-GTP, ALT, AST and ALP activities. However, $T_1$ showed the trend of increasing amount of the serum's HDL and LDL cholesterol level, compared with $T_0$.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1049-1053
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (Du-Zhong) as a main ingredient in a mixture of various medicinal herbal extracts on blood pressure, serum lipid concentrations, and hematological variables in hypertensive patients. After 4 weeks on drinking the mixed medicinal herbal teas, systolic blood pressure remarkably decreased from 167.14 to 134.86 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure decreased from 100.00 to 87.10 mmHg. In terms of serum lipid profiles, there were no differences in total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol level, and atherogenic index, However, the level of triglycerol was significantly reduced from 237.1 before the experiment to 145.00 mg/dL after 4 weeks on drinking the mixed medicinal herbal teas. Serum triglyceride were remarkably reduced from 237.1 to 145.00 mg/dL in the hypertensive patients who had taken the combined medicinal herbal extracts. Compared with data obtained from the patients before the experiment, there were no differences in hematological variables (RBC, WBC, hematocrit, hemoglobin, platlets and homocysteine) after the 4 weeks experiments, but mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was significantly increased by 2.70% (p<0.05) in the blood samples. Based on these findings, it can be presumed that the examined mixed medicinal herbal tea may be effective in lowering blood pressure and in increasing mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration due to reduced serum triglyceride levels in hypertension patients.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1679-1683
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the effects of Cheonggukjang (traditional soybean food, CK) and Cheonggukjang added with Phellinus linteus myceria (CKP) on the lipid metabolism, growth, food intake, and food efficiency ratio(FER) in adult female rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high fat diet (control diet: 0.1% cholesterol, 10% Lard) for 4 weeks. The rats were randomly assigned to each treatment group: control, and two kinds of CK and CKP (powders of CK and CKP as dietary protein sources). After 4 weeks of experimental diet consumption, the body weights and the uterine fat pad weights of the CK and CKP diet groups were more significantly decreased than those of the control diet group. The hepatic cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipid levels were significantly lower in both the CK and CKP diet fed groups than those in the control group. The concentrations in serum triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol were significantly decreased in the CK and CKP diet groups compared to those in the control group. Fecal total lipid, moisture and wet weight excretion in the CK and CKP diet groups were more increased than those in the control group. These results showed that feeding of cheonggukjang and cheonggukjang added with Phellinus linteus myceria both the triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol in serum, as well as the triglyceride and cholesterol in the livers of the rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.595-600
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• 1992

This study was performed to investigate the effects of dietary protein levels(5% and 15% PEP), caffeine or green tea powder on body fat deposition in rats. Male weanling Wistar rats weighting the average of 90g were allotted into 6 experimental groups, each of which was fed two different levels of dietary protein with or without caffeine or green tea powder(5p+0.15% caffeine ; 5p+6.1% green tea powder ; 15p+0.15% caffeine ; 15p+6.1% green tea powder) during 8 weeks of the experimental period. Caffeine and green tea powder were supplemented at the levels of 0.15% and 6.1% of experimental diets. The rats fed 5% PEP diet which had received caffeine or green tea powder showed significantly(p<0.01) reduced gain in body weight. The food efficiency of which rats fed both 5% and 15% PEP diet supplemented with 6.1% green tea powder was significantly low(p<0.05, respectively) compared with the control group. Rats fed diets containing 0.15% caffeine and 6.1% green tea powder showed the significant reduction(p<0.01) of hite adipose tissue weight, triglycerides levels of liver and plasma. The addition of 0.15% caffeine or 6.1% green tea powder to 5% PEP diet resulted in significantly(p<0.01) higher levels of plasma total cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesterol ester, but HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly(p<0.01, in 5% PEP group) high. The atherogenic index(Tchol-HDLchol/HDLchol) in rats fed 6.1% green tea powder diets decreased especially compared with the control group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.294-301
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the protective effects and detoxification of oriental herb extracts mixture (Saururus chinensis, Taraxacum platycarpum, Ulmus macrocarpa, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Rhynchosia nulubilis) on TCDD-induced oxidative stress. Thirty five male rats were divided into 5 groups: normal control group received saline; vehicle control group received DMSO and acetone; only TCDD-treated group received multiple intraperitoneal injection of TCDD ($100{\mu}g/kg$) and saline; post-treated group of OHEM (400 mg/kg/day) received oral administration for 5 weeks after TCDD treatment; and pre-treated group of OHEM (400 mg/kg/day) received oral administration for 6 weeks from 1 week before TCDD treatment. The elevated serum activities of alanine transaminase (AST), aspartate transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and atherorganic index due to TCDD were significantly decreased by the treatment of OHEM (p<0.05); the pre-treatment of OHEM was especially effective. Hydropic lesions and cytoplasmic vacuolizations in the liver of TCDD-treated rats were inhibited by the treatment of OHEM. Also, OHEM treatment reduced edemas in small intestine villus of TCDD-treated rats. These results suggest that OHEM from various oriental herb extracts might be a useful protective and detoxification agent against TCDD.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.702-708
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• 2005

Cholesterol-lowering effect of pine nut on mice was investigated by examining changes in body weight, feed intake, and triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density liporotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) contents in mice plasma. Changes in body weight and feed intake between pre-designed experimental animal groups fed various contents of cholesterol and pine nut and control group fed basal diet were not significantly different. Food efficiency ratio of experimental groups fed higher than 10% pine nut was significantly higher than that of control group. Apparent differences in atherogenic index representing cholesterol-lowering effect in plasma were not found among all groups fed 0-20% pine nut. Inhibition activities of water and hexane extracts of pine nut on HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol esterase were examined in vitro. Hexane extract showed 66% inhibition effect on HMG-CoA reductase, whereas none was observed with water extract.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.713-719
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• 2003

The effects of butanol (BuOH) fraction of Alisma canaliculatum (Ac) with vitamin E in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were determined. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups: normal, STZ-control, and 3 diabetic-experimental groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced by injection of STZ (45 mg/kg) into the tail vein. The BuOH fraction of Ac and vitamin E were administrated orally in experimental rats for 21 days: Ac group (400 mg/kg), Ac-VE group (Ac 400 mg/kg & vitamin E 10 mg/kg), and VE group (vitamin E 10 mg/kg). The body weight losses were seen in all groups except normal, and the decrements in experimental groups were less than that in diabetic-control group. The plasma glucose levels were significantly lower in Ac group compared to STZ-control group on 21 day (p<0.05). The plasma level of insulin was slightly higher in AC-VE group than other diabetic groups. The plasma cholesterol levels of diabetic-experimental groups were significantly lower than those of STZ-control group on 14 day (p<0.05). ALT and AST activities of diabetic-experimental groups were significantly lower than that of STZ-control group (p<0.05). The results suggested that the BuOH fraction of Ac might possess hypoglycemic properties in STZ-induced diabetic rats and no synergistic effect of vitamin E was seen during the experimental period.