• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 2002

During acute stages of hospitalized stroke patients, family caregivers face many challenges. They often experience emotional distress, social isolation, and financial constraints. However, the burden of caregiving of stroke patients in acute stages has never been studied properly. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors related to the caregivers' burden with acute stroke. The subjects were 123 acute stroke patients and their caregivers who were admitted to neurology and neurosurgery units at Dan Kook University Hospital in Chung-Nam area. An interview was performed with the use of standardized questionnaire which included data pertaining to the patients/caregivers characteristics, caregiver burden (Modified Zarit's Burden Scale), and social support (Personal Resource Questionnaire). Our results showed that the mean burden score was 3.11, indicating high level of burden. Among the sub-domain scores, financial burden was the highest. In univariate analysis, the factors related to caregiver burdens were: inability to communicate between patients and caregiver(p<.001); low cognitive function of the patients(p<.001); low level of ADL(p<.001); the gender of caregiver(p<.001); the current employment status of caregivers(p<.01); the presence of social support for caregiver(p<.001); and the availability of alternative caregivers(p<.001). In multiple regression analysis, social support for family caregivers (87%), low level of patient's cognition (2%), availability of 2nd caregiver (1%), and gender of caregiver (female, 0.4%) were significant explanatory factors of overall burden. The caregivers' burden in acute stages during hospitalization following stroke was high. Recognition of high levels of caregivers' burden and those relating factors affecting caregiver burden may allow us to develop different nursing strategies to unload the level of burden for caregivers in acute stages of stroke.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.186-193
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this narrative study was to understand how family caregivers interpreted themselves life during caring for dying patients with gliobalstoma, and how they integrated these experiences into their personal biographies. Methods: Three family caregivers were recruited for the study. Data were collected through a series of audio-taped unstructured interviews and conversations with participants. The interviews and observation were conducted between October and November, 2011. Data were analyzed using psychosocial analytical methods that combined case based, in-depth staged analysis of narratives. Results: The life experiences of the family caregivers with a dying family member were summarized as, in their own voices, 'the repetition of gliobalstoma,' 'a smart patient,' 'being obsessed with rehabilitation treatment,' 'the frustration from nothing but just looking at the suffering of the patient,' and 'a stubborn son'. Conclusion: Caregiving was characterised by various roles and life changes from the moment of diagnosis. Family caregivers of brain tumor reported experiences similar to those described by caregivers of people with other cancers. What differed for this group was the rapidity of change and the need for immediate information and support to assist with caring for a person with high-grade glioma.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.684-693
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• 2011

Purpose: To investigate the effects of oral care education on knowledge, attitudes & behavior of caregivers in oral care and oral hygiene for residents in nursing homes. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, the intervention group (n=27) of residents received oral care from intervention group caregivers (n=28) who had received 6 weeks of oral care education. The control group (n=27) of residents received usual oral care from control group caregivers (n=26). Data on knowledge, attitude, and behavioral change in oral health care by the caregivers and plaque index & halitosis of the residents were collected. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 16.0. Results: 1) Scores on caregivers' knowledge (p<.001) and behavior (p<.001) for oral care were higher in the intervention group 6 and 12 weeks. The caregivers' attitude (p<.001) score for oral care was higher in the intervention group 12 weeks. 2) The plaque index (p=.004) and halitosis (p=.002) of the nursing home residents were lower in the intervention group than the control group at 6 and 12 weeks. Conclusion: Oral care education programs for caregivers are effective in improving the oral hygiene of elderly residents in nursing homes through enhancement of caregivers' knowledge, attitude, and behavioral change.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.63-75
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• 2021

Purpose : The purposes of this study were to examine the relationships between knowledge, awareness, safe environment, and performance of standard precautions and identify factors associated with performance of standard precautions. Methods : This study was a descriptive research. A structured questionnaire on knowledge, awareness, safe environment, and performance of standard precautions was used for the survey with a convenience sample of 150 caregivers. Data were collected from July to August 2019 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results : The mean scores on knowledge, awareness, safe environment, and performance of standard precautions were 15.77±3.34, 7.35±1.91, 4.55±2.05, and 55.20±10.11 respectively. Performance of standard precautions showed a statistically significant positive correlation with knowledge (r=.54, p<.001), awareness (r=.54, p<.001), and safe environment (r=.50, p<.001). Awareness (β=.24, p=.025) and safe environment (β=.35, p<.001) were significantly associated with factors of performance of standard precautions. Also, education level (high school and above college), affiliated institution (private association), and importance of infection control education (moderate) were significantly associated with factors of performance of standard precautions. Conclusion : The results of the study indicate that factors influencing the performance of standard precautions of caregivers were awareness and safe environment. Therefore, to improve implementation of the standard precautions among caregivers, a safe environment within the hospital must be supported, and appropriate infection management education needs to be provided to caregivers to improve their knowledge and awareness of the standard precautions.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.619-627
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was to test a structural model of spirituality and the quality of life of stroke survivors' caregivers in order to provide guidelines for the development of intervention and strategies to improve their quality of life. Methods: Data were collected from 133 family caregivers of stroke patients who were hospitalized in C university hospital located in Seoul. Data collection using survey questionnaires was done from May, 2013 to February, 2014. Results: Fitness of the hypothetical model was appropriate. Physical component of quality of life of family caregivers is directly affected by two variables (51.5%), burden and depression. Mental component of quality of life of family caregivers is directly affected by three variables (77.6%), depression, burden, and functional dependence of patients. Depression as well as burden were directly affected by spirituality and functional dependence of patients respectively. Thus, spirituality directly affected depression and burden and indirectly affected the quality of life of family caregivers. Conclusion: Therefore, spiritual intervention to improve the stroke caregivers' quality of life might be necessary to support and strengthen their spirituality as a mediating variable that can contribute to decreasing their depression and burden.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.399-406
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that affect the psychological well-being in family caregivers of stroke patients. Method: The General Health Perception, short form 36, Health Survey Questionaire was used to measure health perception. The Caregiving Mastery Scale was used to assess the mastery, while the Psychological General Well-Being Index was used to examine the level of well-being. Result: Subjective health, caregiving mastery, patient's ADL and caregiving duration influenced on caregiver's psychological well-being. Subjective health had effect on psychological well-being both directly and indirectly. Caregiving duration and patient's ADL had indirect effect on psychological well-being through caregiving mastery. Conclusion: It is need to develop a health program for the caregivers of stroke patient's and to provide nursing intervention to improve the caregiver's ability, thereby improving the well-being of the family caregivers.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.153-164
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• 2022

Purpose: This is a concept analysis study to evaluate family caregivers' competence in caring for individuals with mental illness. Method: A hybrid model was used to analyze through three phases scoping literature review. with family caregivers of individuals with mental illness. In the final analysis stage, the concept of caregiving competence was defined. These attributes were derived by integrating stages. Results: The characteristics of caregiving competence were identified as requesting help from the surroundings, minimizing negative effects related to diseases, skilled care, and ability to utilize community resources. The results indicate a need to promote the integration of individuals with mental illness and their families into the community by maintaining productive care. Conclusion: This study improves the accuracy and validity of caregiving competence's concept measurements.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.209-230
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• 2014

The study is to show the prevalence of double-care burdened households who care simultaneously for children(under 6) and provide invalid elderly care for aging parents among women aged 30s to 40s in Korea. The study aims to place care as ordinary needs for our whole lifetime, not as a special happening to a certain age group at specific period. Also, study attempts to reveal that care experiences include both burden and pleasure, and that care relationship, such as care giver-receiver-assistants(second-helpers), strongly affects the diversity of caring experience. Results are as follows. 38.1% of the survey respondents report that they are/have ever been the double-care burdened households who carry both child care under 6 and elderly care suffering from health problems in the past or the present. If including those who expecting the double burden of care in the near future, the prevalence rate goes up to 54.9%. As hypothesized, caring includes both pleasure and burden. The order of pleasant feelings is child care> parents care>in-law parents care, and that of burden is in reverse. However, caring relationship has a strong influence on pleasure or agony of the caring experience. The association between the relationship and the experience, which is expressed by pleasure or pain, occurs to both daughter-parents and in-laws. Interestingly, the caring experiences by daughter to her parents tend to go more burdensome because their husbands do not commit their identity as carer aid, with no additional caring effort for their in-laws. In conclusion, some policy suggestions for double care problems are provided.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.836-847
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between utilization of home care services under the national long-term care insurance system and family caregiver distress. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted in this study using data collected in 2011 and 2012 from the Korean version of International Resident Assessment Instrument (interRAI) Home Care assessment system. The study sample included 228 clients receiving community based home care and their family caregivers in Korea. Descriptive statistics, $x^2$ test, t-test, and Heckman selection model analysis were conducted using SAS 9.3. Results: Presence of family caregiver distress was significantly associated with days of nurse visits (${\beta}$=-.89, p=<.001) and home helper visits (${\beta}$=-.53, p=.014). Level of caregiver distress was also significantly associated with days of nurse visits (${\beta}$=-.66, p=.028). Other factors which were significantly associated with caregiver distress were depression, cognitive function, inadequate pain control, social support for older adult, and caregiver relationship to the older adult. Conclusion: The results of this study show that visiting nurse service and appropriate support programs for Older Adults and family caregivers experiencing caregiver distress should be developed and provided to families based on the health care needs of older adults and their family caregivers for effective and sustainable home care.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.245-257
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to validate caregiver outcomes included Nursing Outcomes Classification(NOC) developed by Johnson and Maas at the University of Iowa. A sample of 73 nurse experts working in university affiliated hospitals participated in this study. They were asked to rate indicators that examplified the outcomes on a scale of 1(indicator is not at all characteristic) to 5(indicator is very characteristic). A questionnaire with an adaptation of Fehring's methodology was used to establish the content validity of outcomes. The results were as follow: 1. Eight outcome label were considered to be 'supporting' and three outcome label were considered to be 'nonsupporting'. 2. 'Caregiver-Patient Relationship' attained an OCV score of 0.64 and the highest OCV score among caregiver outcomes.. 3. 'Caregiver Emotional Health' attained an OCV score of 0.54 and the lowest OCV score among caregiver outcomes. Replication study will be needed and outcomes sensitive to Korean culture need to be developed.