• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.309-309
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• 2011

지구온난화와 도시기후 변화에 대응하기 위해 자연의 생태적 기능을 복원하고 환경에 대한 오염부하를 저감하여 도시 환경의 건강성과 지속성을 높이기 위해 도심 내 물순환시스템(urban water circulating system)의 구축이 요구된다. 즉, 물순환시스템을 활용하여 도심 내 다양한 수원(생태하천/호수 유지용수, 하수처리수, 우수, 지하수 등)을 네트워크 및 통합 관리하여 도시 내 물순환의 건전성과 수자원의 재이용률을 향상시킬 수 있다. 이를 위해서 연중 발생량이 일정하고 막대한(66.4억톤/년, 2009년 기준) 하수처리수 방류수는 고도처리를 통해 수질이 양호하며 안정적인 대체 수자원으로 고려된다. 또한, 하수처리수의 재이용은 공공수역으로 배출되는 오염부하량의 총량 삭감 및 상수사용량의 절감과 수자원을 효율적으로 이용한다는 면에서 최근 재이용 사례가 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 그러나, 도심 내 친수공간(생태하천/호수)은 저류수량에 비해 유입수량이 적어 체류시간이 비교적 장시간이고, 이로 인해 부영양화가 쉽게 발생해 수질이 악화된다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 하수처리수 재이용수를 도심 내 친수공간의 유지용수로 활용 시, 수질정화공정(응집 후 여과, 응집 후 여과+한외여과, 응집 후 여과+한외여과+역삼투 공정)이 친수공간 내 조류성장에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해, 하수처리수 재이용수 pilot plant의 수질정화공정별 유출수를 활용해 M. aeruginosa를 시험조류로 조류성장(growth kinetics)을 조사하였다. 조류는 $5\times104$ cells/mL의 초기 농도로 접종하여 배양하였으며, 조류성장에 직접적인 제한인자인 용존반응성인의 농도에 따른 성장속도를 Monod와 변형 Monod Kinetics를 이용해 반포화상수(Ks)와 최대 성장속도(${\mu}$max)를 산정하였다. 실험결과, 역삼투 공정을 제외한 다른 수질정화공정은 비록 영양염류가 80~90% 이상 제거되어 수계의 화학적 성상이 변하였으나 조류성장역학의 변화는 통계학적 (p=0.05)으로 유의할만한 수준은 아닌 것으로 판명되었다. 또한, 수리학적 체류시간이 2주 이상이 될 경우, 역삼투 공정을 제외한 수질정화공정 별 유출수에서는 조류의 과다성장으로 인해 부영양화가 발생하는 것으로 판명되었다. 결론적으로 하수처리수 재이용수를 친수용수로 활용시, 조류성장을 방지하기 위하여 용존반응성인의 농도를 중점적으로 관리하는 수질정화공정 및 유지용수 공급방안을 고려해야하는 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.8-17
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• 2018

A large urban region in Bangkok, Thailand is often inundated due to shallow water floods along the paved roads that have poor drainage facilities, and that can cause urban flooding. Existing methods, including using sand bags are not effective to prevent flooding in urban areas where the amount of sand is not sufficient. Thus, it is necessary to install artificial flood defense structures. However flooding and overflow defense equipment, which was developed in some advanced nations in Europe and in the USA, is highly expensive and complex construction methods are needed, therefore they are not suitable to be used in Southeast Asia. Thus, it is necessary to develop a flood rapid defense system(FRDS), which is inexpensive and simple to build, but is also highly functional. Thus, this study developed an FRDS that can be applied to Southeast Asia through the careful study of FRDS overviews, an analysis on the development trends in Korea and overseas, and the proposal of development needs and directions of the region. For the system developed, Korean Standards(KS) performance evaluations on leakage ratio deformation tests and impact resistance tests were conducted at the Outdoor Demonstration Test Center(Seosan) in the Korea Conformity Laboratories(KCL) and the system satisfied the standards of KS F 2639(leakage and deformation test) and KS F 2236(impact resistance test). The present study results can not only be applied to urban floods in Southeast Asian nations to cope with flood-related disasters, but also be utilized in flood prone regions and for major facilities in Korea. They can also induce scientific and pro-active responses from major local governments and facility management organizations in relation to urban floods.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.879-885
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• 2022

Of increasing global popularity is the multi-dimensional use and development of cities to address land use and urban issues caused by high urban density and challenging topography. In Korea, the city of Busan has a large proportion of mountainous areas, and the Gyeongbu Line that runs through the city's center has been interrupting this urban area for over 117 years. Because a lack of usable land is hindering the development of the city, introducing a multi-dimensional approach to urban development is seen as important. Accordingly, the Gyeongbu Line underground project is attempting to solve the problem of disconnection of Busan's city center and increase the amount of usable land for varied multi-dimensional use. In this study, by conducting a preference survey among those who live near the underground project sites of the Gyeongbu Line stations in Busan, the planned use of each available land arearesulting from the multi-dimensional development of railroadsand railway stations was investigated. However, in order to further the results of the survey, legal and institutional support is needed. There are limits to the multi-dimensional use of land, such as the lack of interconnection between individual laws and the lack of specific guidelines for multi-dimensional development.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.3-20
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• 2022

Recently, prior to the commercialization of urban air mobility (UAM), the importance of R&D for air transportation-related industries in urban areas has significantly increased. To create a UAM environment, research is being conducted on personal air vehicles (PAVs). They are key means of air transportation, but research on the physical factors influencing their passengers is relatively insufficient. In particular, because the PAV is expected to be used as a living space for the passengers, research on the effects of the physical elements generated in the PAV on the human body is essential to design an interior space that supports the in-vehicle activities of the passengers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to derive the constraint factors that affect the human body due to the air navigation characteristics of the PAV and to understand the impact of these constraint factors on the bodies of the passengers performing in-vehicle activities. The results of this study indicate that when the PAV was operated at less than 4,000 ft, which is the operating standard, the constraint factors were noise, vibration, and motion sickness caused by low-frequency motion. These constraint factors affect in-vehicle activity; thus, the in-vehicle activities that can be performed in a PAV were derived using autonomous cars, airplanes, and PAV concept cases. Furthermore, considering the impact of the constraint factors and their levels on the human body, recommended constraint factor criteria to support in-vehicle activities were established. To reduce the level of impact of the constraint factors on the human body and to support in-vehicle activity, the seat's shape and built-in functions of the seat (vibration reduction function, temperature control, LED lighting, etc.) and external noise reduction using a directional speaker for each individual seat were recommended. Moreover, it was suggested that interior materials for noise and vibration reduction should be used in the design of the interior space. The contributions of this study are the determination of the constraint factors affecting the in-vehicle PAV activity and the confirmation of the level of impact of the factors on the human body; in the future, these findings can be used as basic data for suitable PAV interior design.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.3 s.89
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• pp.51-61
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• 2006

Interchanges are passages for vehicle and pedestrians and a gateway to nearby facilities, and a place to stay of vehicle and Pedestrians. Interchange traffic must be able to navigate well for safety and convenience. Traffic safety and efficiency are influenced by the interchange. In this study, relative delays of vehicles are compared by changing traffic interchanges. the volume of traffic, the number of lanes, the rate of left turns vehicle on the interchanges of urban arterial roads. The object of this study is to compare Grade crossing interchange, Diamond interchange. Roundabout interchange. SPUI(Single Point Urban Interchange), Echelon interchange). Echelon interchange. By VISSIM Simulation, this study drew the relative delay value of every scenario and compared the delay value of each vehicle considering construction expenses. Through this comparison study, ideal interchange is dependent on the volume of traffic, the number of lanes, and the rate of left turns.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.187-205
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• 2009

Failures on network components of a public transportation system can give rise to the severe degradation of entire system functionality. This paper aims at exploring how potential failures can affect the system flows and reliability of subway network systems in Metropolitan Seoul. To evaluate the range of impacts of disruptions, this research employs a probabilistic approach, network reliability. Network reliability measures the network resiliency and probability of flow loss under a variety of simulated disruptions of critical network components, transfer stations in subway system. By identifying the best and worst scenarios associated with geographical impact, as well as evaluating the criticality of transfer stations, this research presents some insights for protecting current subways systems.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.31-37
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• 2018

The goal of this research is to compare influences for living periods between physical functional satisfaction and psychological emotional satisfaction in a ghetto area. The research site is 'Sujin1 dong' in Sungnam city which is one of the oldest residential areas in the city. Based on the analysis of the urban contexts for the research site, surveys are conducted to gather the data which are treated by several statistical techniques: 'Factor analysis', 'Reliability Analysis', 'Multiple regression analysis'. Through the statistical process, conclusions are drawn as follows. In the ghetto urban area, (1)-The higher the psychological emotional satisfaction, the longer the living period, (2)-The longer the residence period, the lower the physical and functional satisfaction, (3)-The two satisfactions tend to be opposite to each other according to the living period. (4)-The psychological emotional satisfaction is more related with living period than the physical and functional satisfaction is.

• Broadcasting and Media Magazine
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.79-90
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• 2022

'스마트 기술(smart tech)'과 '도시화(urbanization)'라는 두 메가트렌드(megatrends)를 융합해 탄생한 스마트시티(smart city)가 전 세계적인 화두다. 스마트시티의 성장 가운데서 핵심적인 요소가 바로 '도시의 다양한 요소가 미디어(媒體, media)의 기능을 하는 커뮤니케이션이 중심이 된 도시'라는 점이다. 특히 메타버스 기술이 스마트시티에 접목되고 있음에 주목해야 한다. '초월'이라는 의미의 '메타(meta)'와 우주를 뜻하는 '유니버스(universe)'의 합성어인 메타버스(Metaverse)는 1992년 닐 스티븐슨(Neal Stephenson)의 소설 《스노우 크래쉬》에서 유래한 개념이라고 알려져 있다[1]. 메타버스는 정의하는 연구자에 따라서 크게 다르지만 흔히 '가상의 것(virtual thing)'으로 한정하는 경향이 있다. 하지만 최근에는 메타버스가 정치·경제·사회·문화 전반적 측면에서 오프라인의 현실과 온라인의 비현실 모두 공존할 수 있는 생활형·게임형 가상 융합 세계라는 의미로 보다 광의적으로 사용되고 있다. 최근 스마트시티의 변화를 보면 도시 운영이 고도로 지능화되고 다양한 콘텐츠가 증강되면서 <<도시 공간에서의 온라인과 오프라인의 경계 구분>>을 파괴하고 있음을 발견할 수 있다. 우리는 과거와 다름없이 물리적 도시 공간을 걷고 있지만 이제는 지형지물과 연결된 공간정보를 스마트폰으로 확인하고 또 도심의 디지털 사이니지(digital signage)를 통해 실시간 공공 및 상업 정보에 항시적으로 접하고 있다. 도시의 지향점으로 간주되는 스마트시티는 이제 일종의 '도시민 생활 플랫폼'으로 메타버스 기술과 융합 콘텐츠를 통해 도시민의 생활을 촘촘하게 연결한다. 본고에서는 '스마트시티가 메타버스 미디어 공간으로 기능하는 현상'을 '테코레이션(Tecoration: Technology + Decoration: 디지털 미디어 기술을 통한 도시 공간구축)'이라고 명명하려고 한다. 본고는 '메타버스 미디어 공간으로서 스마트시티 그리고 디지털 사이니지 테코레이션'을 주제로 '디지털 사이니지가 만들어 가는 스마트시티의 소통'과 관련된 주요 이슈를 다루려고 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.389-389
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• 2020

최근 이상기후의 영향으로 게릴라성 호우 및 태풍과 같은 자연재해의 발생 요인이 증가하고 있다. 특히 여름철 집중호우는 농경지의 범람, 도심지역 저지대의 침수피해 유발, 하천 주변 저지대 및 수공구조물의 안전을 위협하고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 HEC-RAS 5.0.3을 활용하여 금강 유역의 2차원 침수 모의를 수행하고, 그 적용성을 평가하고자 한다. 대상지역은 금강 수계 하천기본계획 보고서의 하천 횡단면도와 평면도를 활용하여 모형을 구축하였으며, 강우자료는 인근 기상관측소의 관측자료를 수집하였다. HEC-HMS를 이용하여 강우에 의한 유출량을 산정하였으며, 산정된 유출량을 HEC-RAS에 입력하여 수위를 계산하고 2차원 모의기능을 이용하여 침수해석을 수행하였다. HEC-RAS의 2차원 침수 모의 기능은 기존 1차원 하천 수위 모의와의 연계하여 하천기본계획 수립을 위한 침수 해석 등에 널리 활용될 수 있을 것이라 판단되고, 본 연구의 결과는 침수 모의 적용성 분석의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.458-465
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• 2013

The purpose of this research is possible to reduce cost of management and maintenance to realization of smartphone and using data server network technology instead of GPS. Former wireless bus information system was focused on supply side management structure and national spread thus it needs to establish GPS terminal, Windows CE, Window XP embedded and LCD panels which provide only one way communication of information of public traffic information. Therefore, former system management and maintenance cost are very expansive. This research is not use GPS terminal and other hardware equipment but design and realization using smartphone and data network server. This system also provides low cost of management and maintenance. It is not only service downtown area but also out of town and small and medium-sized cities. This system functionally gets a satisfying result user convenience and satisfaction using function of set-up route map, real-time display, and running statically analysis.