• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.917-930
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• 2018

A quantitative risk assessment method for quantitatively evaluating the fire risk in designing a road tunnel disaster prevention facilities has been introduced to evaluate the appropriateness of a disaster prevention facility in a large tunnel through which all vehicle types pass. However, since the quantitative risk assessment method of the developed can be applied only to the large sectional area tunnels (large tunnels), it is necessary to develop a quantitative risk assessment method for road tunnels passing only small cars which has recently been constructed or planned. In this study, fire accidents scenarios and quantitative risk assesment method for small road tunnels through small cars only which is based on the methods for existing road tunnels (large tunnels). And the risk according to the distance between cross passage is evaluated. As a result, in order to satisfy the societal risk assessment criteria, the distance of the appropriate distance between cross passages was estimated to be 200 m, and the effect of the ventilation system of the large port exhaust ventilation system was quantitatively analyzed by comparing the longitudinal ventilation system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.186-196
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• 2010

It has been well known that traffic accidents occur under combined functional contributions of drivers, vehicles and road facilities, and that evaluation of safety levels for a specific road section or point is generally much complicated. Additionally, most of traffic accidents occur randomly implicating it is necessary to be evaluated in terms of probability theory. Thus, the evaluation model which reflects various characteristics and probabilistic distributions of traffic accidents has been necessary. The present paper provides a reliability based model with variables of probabilistic operating speeds and design speeds together which have been individually explaining associated characteristics in traffic accidents. Consequently, the model made it possible for speed management and road improvement projects to be evaluated in a common index. Application studies were performed in three cases. Through the studies, couples of facts were identified that the model successfully considered the probabilistic operating speeds and design speeds together and that then, the model evaluated road safety alternatives relatively which are complicatedly characterized and differently located.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2004

The several computer programs for the design of soil nailed wall are often used in Korea. However, these programs have been used without any practical justification. Therefore, in order to evaluate the applicability of these programs for the design of soil nailing, these computer results were analyzed and compared with one another. The performance evaluations by the available programs, such as SNAILZ, TALREN97, SLOPE/W, STABL6, and NAILM16, were applied and the applied data were from 5 case history(15 section). The estimated factors of safety with available programs were compared with observed horizontal deformation from the field. The results showed that the program SNAILZ is most adequate tool for the design of soil nailed wall.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.158-158
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• 2011

통상 교량구조물은 차도부와 보도부 및 그 부속시설로서 난간 및 연석부 등으로 구성되는데, 자동차 전용도로의 경우 보도부가 설치되지 않게 되고, 국내의 국도 및 지방도상의 많은 교량이 차도부와 보도부의 별도의 구분이 없이 보행자가 연석부 위로 통행하거나 여의치 않을 경우 난간에 기대어 통행하는 경우가 일반적이어서 안전사고의 위험에 직접 노출되는 경우가 많다. 이에 국토해양부에서는 최근 "도로의 구조 및 시설기준에 관한 규칙"을 개정하여 국내의 보행자 관련 교통사고로 인한 사망자가 전체 교통사고 사망자의 약 절반을 차지하는 실정을 고려하여 보행자의 안전한 통행로 확보를 통해 보행공간의 근본적인 개선이 불가피한 실정임을 시사 하였다. 이에 국내에서는 교량 보도부의 확장에 대한 관심이 높은 실정이며, 현재 보도부 확장에 대한 시공이 활발하게 이뤄지고 있다. 그러나 기존 교량에 보도부를 신설 혹은 확장함에 있어서 보도부 부재의 설치 간격 및 필요한 앵커볼트의 수량 및 부재의 성능 평가에 대한 기준이 명확하게 이뤄지지 않은 상태에서 설치되어져 왔었다. 기존에 시공되던 H-형강의 브라켓 단면의 경우 브라켓 단면의 중량이 커서 안정성 및 시공성이 떨어지며 과다한 앵커볼트의 체결 및 브라켓 단면의 과다설계로 인한 공사기간 및 비용의 증대를 가져오는 문제점이 있었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 교량 보도부의 확장 및 신설에 있어서 보도부 부재의 설치간격의 적정성 및 브라켓의 최적화를 위한 브라켓의 성능평가 시험을 수행하였다. 브라켓의 성능평가 시험은 1차 2차 3차 시험으로 나누어 진행되었으며, 1차시험은 H-형강의 브라켓단면을 원형강관으로서의 대체 가능성을 확인하였고, 2차 시험에서는 원형강관의 브라켓 단면의 앵커볼트수량의 최적화에 대한 시험을 수행하였으며, 3차 시험은 최적화된 브라켓 단면에 프리스트레싱의 도입으로 반력 및 인발력의 감소효과를 확인하는 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구의 수행결과 기존의 설계 및 시공방법이 과다 설계가 이뤄졌음을 판단하였고, 브라켓 단면의 최적화를 통하여 기존 시공방법에 비해 시공성, 안전성, 경제성을 높일수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.173-182
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• 2012

Entry and exits of the rest area are sections where designed speed can be rapidly change and also a weak traffic safety section. In addition, two tasks can be performed simultaneously at entry of the rest area, particularly searching for deceleration and parking spaces/parking sides etc. Thus, design criteria is required in order to procure the stability of accessed vehicle. In case of Korea, geometric structure design criteria of entry facilities, such as toll-gate, interchange, junction etc was established. However there are no presence in a detailed standards for geometric structure of the rest area which affiliated road facilities. In this study, Derive problems in regards to the entry of geometric structure of resting areas by utilizing a sight survey and an investigation research of traffic accidents. The survey was targeting 135 general service areas. After Classifying the design section of resting areas' entry as well as derive design elements on each section, a speed measurement by targeting entry of rest areas and car behavior surveys were performed, then each element's minimum standard was derived through the analyses. According to the speeds at the starting/end point of entrance connector road, the minimum length of the entrance connector road is decided as 40m using Slowing-down length formula and based on the driving pattern, the range of the junction setting angle of the entrance connector road is defined as $12^{\circ}{\sim}17^{\circ}$. Suggest improvement plans for existing rest areas that can be applied realistically. This should be corresponded to the standards of entry and exit of developed rest areas.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.19 no.1 s.57
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• pp.87-92
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• 2005

In this paper, numerical simulation are conducted to predict the characteristics of the heat transfer and smoke flow and evacuation in the road tunnel. Fire source are used about 30 MW and the turbulent flow characteristics are considered by standard k-epsilon turbulent model. The effect of transient thermal behavior and disaster prevention can be used for designing the road tunnel.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.127-134
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• 2021

When constructing a tunnel on a stable ground, stress is changed in the ground during excavation stage and installation of ground support materials. In the standards for safety evaluation of structures in use, it is suggested to perform numerical analysis reflecting the excavation stage. But method of seismic performance evaluation was not presented. Therefore, in this study, numerical analysis was performed with different analysis methods, and the results were compared and analyzed. As a result of the numerical analysis, seismic wave applied in the horizontal direction were no difference depending on the analysis methods. However, there was a big difference in the result according to the evaluation methods of tunnel member forces. When reviewing with the strength design method, the structure performance could be not satisfied depending on the existence or nonexistence of reinforcing bars. Based on these research results, it is suggested that the interpretation method should be clearly presented and reflected in the relevant standards.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.220-220
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• 2022

물관리 일원화, 물관리기본법 제정·시행 등 우리나라 물관리 체계의 혁신기에 정책의 구심점 역할을 수행할 통합 물관리 전략 마련이 요구됨에 따라, 최근 관계부처 합동으로 「제1차 국가물관기본계획(2021~2030)」을 수립하여 공표·발간되었다. 국가물관리기본계획에서는 유역단위의 물관리를 원칙(12대 기본원칙 중(中))로 하며, 물관리 3대분야(수질·수생태, 이수, 치수)에 대한 추진전략을 수립하였다. 또한, 지속가능한 물관리 체계를 구축하기 위해 추진전략별 주요 관리지표를 설정하였으며, 이를 통해 물관리 방향을 정립하고 분야별 관련 및 하위계획과의 일관성·정합성을 유지하고자 하였다. 이에 본 연구에서는 추진전략별 주요 관리지표 중, 유역 재해안전도와 관련하여 하천범람에 대한 기존의 치수안전도의 한계점을 검토하고 유역단위의 치수관리 현황을 평가 할 수 있는 방안을 마련하고자 하였다. 과거 유역종합치수계획에서의 치수안전도는 홍수피해잠재능(PFD)을 적용하여 등급별 홍수방어대책 수립방향 및 하천의 설계빈도 조정을 검토하였으며, 홍수피해잠재능(PFD)의 실무적 적용 어려움(산정인자 다(多)), 설계빈도와의 연계성 부족, 치수단위구역의 공간적 정확성 미흡 등에 대한 개선·보완의 의견이 제기되어 왔다. 또한, 유역내 전체하천이 아닌 주요 하천을 대상으로만 치수안전도 설정하여 유역단위의 치수관리에 한계가 있으며, 하천 전체구간의 설계빈도 상향에 따른 홍수방어대책이 비경제적인 것으로 판단된다. 따라서, 기존의 치수안전도의 한계점을 개선하기 위하여 홍수피해잠재능(PFD)의 산정인자 단순화, 홍수위험지도를 활용을 통한 치수단위구역의 공간적 정확도 향상 및 치수단위구역별 설계빈도 조정 가능 등의 개선방안을 검토하였으며, 빈도별 치수단위구역의 홍수피해잠재능(PFD)의 통계적 특성 분석을 통해 등급 설정 및 설계빈도 조정 기준을 제시하였다. 그리고 유역내 전체하천에 대한 치수단위구역별 치수안전도를 설정하고, 중권역 단위의 치수안전도를 평가하여 유역단위의 치수관리 현황을 정량적으로 제시함에 유역 재해안전도로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.73-79
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• 2004

Mountain side ditch is constructed at the top of cutting slopes around road and it drains the surface water that flowed from upper part. Mountain side ditch is constructed to keep away the influx of the surface water into cutting faces. However, if Mountain side ditch is constructed on the top of cutting slopes, it is cause of trouble. For example, difficulty of quality control and lack of drainage faculty. Therefore, the faculty and establishment propriety of mountain side ditch are evaluated seriously, according to the condition of ground, topography and rainfall in this paper. Results from the study for the numerical analysis of effect of mountain side ditch indicate that safety factor is enlarged about 3% at rainfall.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.3D
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• pp.363-373
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• 2011

With rapid economic development, general demand and interest in surroundings that consist of our lives have grown gradually. In addition, as there has been increased social interest in creating landscape of roads, which considers all important factors from the user's view including accessibility, safety, and psychological stability, efforts to improve quality of roads are required. Therefore it is needed to establish standards on safe and comfort road design based on sensibility satisfaction of road users rather than based on standardized road design guidance from the engineering perspective. To this end, research was carried out to analyze sensibility satisfaction of users about road landscape focused on elements of road cross section in a city. It identified relation between sensibility satisfaction and the elements by using principal and cluster analysis, and the multiple regression models. It also found that user's satisfaction about roads and a road landscape is high with road width (3~5 meters), clear zone (2.2~3.9 meters), road central garden (1.05~1.9 meters), shoulder (0.55~1.43 meters), median (0.65~1.625 meters), the number of travel lanes (2~5), height of trees at the central garden (6.4~15 meters) and height of buildings surrounding roads (18~44 meters or 6~15 floors).