• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.597-614
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• 2024

This study examines how idealism and relativism, which are the two dimensions of personal moral philosophy, and the perceived moral intensity affect the purchase behavior of consumers regarding fashion items made of animal skin and fur. Data were collected through an online survey, and data from 372 Korean female consumers were statistically analyzed, excluding questionnaires with non-response, insincere responses, and outliers. The data analysis using structural equation models showed a significant effect of idealism but a non-significant effect of relativism on perceived moral intensity concerning the purchase of real leather and fur fashion items. In a structural equation model for each fashion item, perceived moral intensity had a negative effect on purchase behavior. The indirect effect of idealism on purchase behavior through the perceived moral intensity was confirmed to be statistifically significant for each fashion item. However, neither idealism nor relativism had a direct effect on the purchase behavior of both fashion items. The research results were discussed from an academic perspective and practical implications were presented.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.759-778
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• 2021

This study was carried out to verify whether there were any differences in accepting moral issues between adolescents who played using characters of high status (either objectively or subjectively highly ranked within a game) in the online game world and those who played using characters of low status (either objectively or subjectively lowly ranked). It also investigated whether there were moderating interactional effects for the amount of time spent on playing games and the influence of adolescents' social statuses in games over accepting moral issues. Results showed that, overall, adolescents who played using a lower-ranking character in the game world displayed a higher acceptance of moral issues than those who played using characters of the two other categories (equal to average level or higher). Furthermore, interactional effects were observed for those who played using a low-ranking character and spent longer hours playing games, as they were more likely to accept moral issues. This study is significant in that it offers many implications, as a rare study that verified the effects of cyberspace status on moral judgements made in the real world.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.111-120
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• 2016

This paper aims to study whether the perspective of the character controlled by a player can affect the player on her moral decision. To this end we designed and developed Castaway, an interactive story using Unity3D game engine. The main story plot of Castaway is based on the trial 'R v Dudley and Stephens (also known as mignonette 1884) which occurred at 1884 in U.K. In Castaway, the player can choose either the accused or the victim, and then play the interactive story with the perspective of the chosen character. To investigate the relationship between the player's empathy to the player character and player's moral decision, we conducted a small-scale (n=10) pilot study. Results of the pilot study have shown that different perspectives can influence the player on her empathy to player character and her moral decision. In near future we plan to conduct a main study with more participants.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.36
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• pp.54-71
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• 1993

동정굴의 행정적 위치는 강원도 영월군 서면 옹정리에 있다. 이 서면은 영월군의 남서부에 위치하며 동쪽은 영월군 북면, 남면과 인접하고 있으며, 서쪽과 북쪽은 영월군 주천면과 충청북도 제체군의 송학면과 인접하고 있다. 영서지방의 거점도시인 제천과 영월 중간지점에 위치하고 있다. 동정굴은 태백산맥 서사면인 영서지방에 위치하고 있는데, 평창강 북동쪽에 위치하는 해발 508m의 도덕산에서 남서쪽으로 뻗어 내려오는 능선의 사면과 남한강의 지류인 평창강이 만나는 하안급사면(하식애)에 위치한다. 동정굴의 수리적 위치는 동경 128$^{\circ}$21'6", 북위 37$^{\circ}$12'56"이다.(중략)

• Journal of Ethics
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• no.77
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• pp.73-112
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• 2010

This study aims to explore the character and problem of multicultural society in Korea in terms of the concept of moral panics. Its major issues are dealt with as follows: Firstly, this essay will apply two concepts of culture in multiculturalism - the pattern of meaning and a study of perfection- to three degrees of multicultural members: by individual, by groups and by a society as a whole. In this approach, moral panics of multicultural society in Korea have been manipulated by the secondary definitions like Korean government and media. In this study, however, the resource of the panics would be seen as nationalism in Korean history. To remove it in this essay, the conception of the pattern of meaning, which makes members understand others outer their norms, should be harmonized with that of a study of perfection by which they have identities. Secondly, the main subject of multiculturalism in Korea should at least be majority (groups)-Korean, not minority (groups)-foreigners. A stereotype of foreigners by majority is an image distorted by nationalities and races. People, for example, with the white skin from advanced countries are recognized as superior, while those born in the countries of Southeast Asia are, consciously or unconsciously, discriminated and have low positions due to socio-economic stratification in Korea. In this sense, a study of multicultural society in Korea should go forward to the inner direction to majority, because it is one of the real moral panics in Korea. In conclusion, it is important that there must be a study of identity which we can have of others in multicultural studies of Korea. It enables us to meet the conception of diversity. In that Korean government and media have neglected the danger of nationalism, it is also necessary that this study have any foundation of morality in ethics, which can give useful alternatives to the given polices of the secondary definitions.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.55-63
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• 2018

Most people today search for information on the Internet about the goods or services they want to purchase and then assess the replies posted by other people who have experience with those goods or services. These replies serve as an important reference point that can affect purchase decisions. Replies are divided broadly into two types: first, market normative replies about whether a person experiences satisfaction with (or more than) the price paid for goods or services (positive) or not (negative); and the second is non-market normative replies about whether the goods or service provider morally deserves the profits gained from providing them (positive) or not (negative). Previous studies on replies have focused on market normative replies (whether the food is delicious), and there have only been some studies on the effect of non-market normative replies (the owner is morally good). This research was undertaken to re-examine the effect of market normative replies identified by previous studies in a restaurant visit intention evaluation (Experiment 1), to examine the effect of non-market normative replies not investigated in previous studies (Experiment 2), and to compare the effect of market normative replies and non-market normative replies (the meta-analysis) In conclusion, restaurant visit intention was stronger when market normative replies were positive (delicious) than when they were negative (not delicious) (Experiment 1). Furthermore, restaurant visit intention was stronger when non-market normative replies were positive (the owner is moral) than when they were negative (the owner is immoral) (Experiment 2). On the other hand, it was found that restaurant visit intention was stronger when non-market normative replies were positive than when market normative replies were positive, and restaurant visit intention was weaker when non-market normative replies were negative than when market normative replies were negative. This implies that people are more likely to be affected by non-market normative replies than market normative replies. In addition, this study suggested that the mood changed more before and after checking non-market normative replies than before and after checking market normative replies, and due to this difference, people could be affected more by non-market normative replies than market normative replies.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 1994

본 논문에서는 오염배출 기업의 도덕적(道德的) 해이(解弛)(moral hazard)를 고려한 규제자의 강제정책(enforcement)에 관하여 분석한다. 또한 환경규제위반의 경우 일반적인 범죄와는 달리 의도적인 위반 이외에도 기술적 한계에 의한 불가항력적인 위반의 가능성이 있으므로 이를 고려하여 기업의 행태를 분석한다. 규제자의 강제 수단은 벌칙의 수준과 벌칙이 주어지는 기간으로 나누어 볼 수 있다. 벌칙의 강도와 벌칙이 주어지는 기간간의 관계는 사회후생을 고려한 경우 독립적이지 않고 서로 trade-off의 관계에 있다. 따라서 규제자는 벌칙의 구조를 결정함에 있어서 이러한 관계를 고려하여야한다. 크게 두가지의 선택이 있을 수 있는데 하나는 높은 수준의 벌칙과 짧은 벌칙 기간이고 다른 하나는 낮은 수준의 벌칙과 긴 벌칙 기간이다. 본 논문에서는 벌칙이 사회에 미치는 왜곡을 고려한 최적 벌칙 구조에 관한 분석을 목적으로 한다.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.23
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• pp.65-86
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• 2010

The conclusion for this paper is as following as to plan for advancing security. First, Depending on situation, security martial arts technique is necessary in security work, but the case that the client need to be covered by security guards to avoid the danger often happens. If there is no self-sacrifice and loyalty to the clients, the meaningful security work is not completed in this situation. Therefore, the basic views on education of security leaders need to be defensive than aggressive, and be spirit-equipped than technical feature. Second, more time has to be taken training mentality along with focusing on technical education of security martial arts. To escape from danger spreaded around, security guards must be strong mentally and physically, then they are able to finish the situation. If someone is chosen as a security guard, one's physical strength is already approved. This means that the rest part for the perfect accomplishment is strict discipline on mental one's mind, and basically physical training has to be continued. In conclusion, The elements that the instructor has to acquire are not only extensive theoretical knowledge of the security martial arts and real experiences through techniques but also personality cultivation which maximize the morality training. Accordingly, this could bring the client personally change in perception of the security guard, furthermore greatly expand the academic and professional security work of security department.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.5
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• pp.440-446
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• 2001

폭력의 발생 원인은 다양하고 그 표현 방식도 여러 가지 양상으로 나타나지만 인간의 기저에 갖고 있는 일반적 원인은 욕구불만이다. 욕구불만의 해소가 이루어지지 않은 상태에서의 인간은 항상 폭력성이 잠재되어있는 상태가 된다고 볼 수 있다. 윌리엄 맥두걸은 본능이 인간행동에 동기를 부여하는 가장 중요한 요인이며, 지각과 정서보다 동기의 힘을 강조했다. 사람은 본능이 동기를 부여해 준 것을 지각하고 적절한 대상이 지각되면 그 대상은 행동을 자극하는 감정변화를 일으킨다. 이러한 검정변화를 충동이라 할 수 있는데 지그문트 프로이드는 인간의 많은행동이 불합리한 본능적 충동에 바탕을 둔다고 보고 있다. 충동은 대개 생리적인 긴장, 결핍,또는 불균형상태에 뿌리는 두며 충족되어야 할 절박한기본 욕구로 유기체에 행동을 강요한다. 충동은 선천적이며, 기본적인 생리적 욕구와 직접적으로 관련된 충동과 학습을 통한 모방충동, 약물복용의 반복적으로 인한 양물중독이 있고, 성취, 활동, 친화, 호기심, 배설, 탐구, 조작, 모성애, 고통회피, 성애, 수면 등 인간의 생활에 반영되는 거의 모든 욕구를 포함한다. 따라서 욕구의 해소를 위해 무엇인가를 해야만 하는 인간은 욕구의 억압상태나 좌절상태에서 심한 분노와 폭력의 충동을 느끼게 된다. 현대 심층심리학은 어린이들이 말을 충분히 자유자재로 구사하기 전에 겪고 억누르게 된 무시무시한 분노의 환상을 가지고 있는데,. 공포예술의 무시무시한 영상들이 결부되어있다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 픽카드(P.M. Pickard)에 의하면 어린아이는 그들의 내적 현실을 외적 현실을 적응시키려는 힘겨운 투쟁 속에 근친상간적 갈등, 흡혈귀, 살인, 식인 등 끔찍한 환상을 겪는 것 간다고 한다. 청소년기는 사회적 부적응기로서 현실과 어릴 적 꿈꿔왔던 이상과의 괴리감에서 오는 당혹과 분노가 발생되는데, 이 시기에 많은 청소년들이 극단적인 선정적인 폭력성에 탐닉하게 되는 경향이 있다. 현실은 결코 아름답지 못하고, 행복하게 살 수 없다는 것에 대한 깨달음에서 기인한다. 욕구불만의 강도가 심해질수록 폭력성은 더욱 강하게 나타나는데 개인에게서 뿐만 아니라 가족, 동료, 사회 단체나 종교, 국가간에도 집단적으로도 발생하게 된다. 사회적으로 볼 때 폭력은 용인되는 것이 아니므로 도덕적으로 절제를 하거나 상대방과 적절한 타협과 조정을 필요로 한다. 그러나 절제의 한계를 넘어선다고 생각되거나, 조정의 노력이 불가능하거나, 실패했을 때 폭력적인 행동으로 나타나게 된다. 리차즈(I.A Richards)는 분노와 공포는 일단 겉잡을 수 없는 경향이 있다고 하면서 오늘날 폭력에 대한 요구가 일상의 정서 생활에 있어, 억압을 통한, 빈곤함을 반영하고 있지 않은지 생각해봐야 할 것이라고 충고한다.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.147
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• pp.1-28
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• 2018

In order to reveal the differentiation of Nietzsche's justice theory, this paper attempted an intrinsic analysis of the political act of establishing a social contract with others through the fundamental concept of "will to the power", and the politics of modern nation including utilitarianism, liberalism and democracy. I will deal with criticism of ideology. In other words, it will be a work to clarify the fictitiousness and errors by digging out the ground of the value of justice as 'genealogical psychology' which strips off the psychological layers hidden behind the name of universal truth called 'virtue'. By dismantling the notion of self-righteous justice based on 'virtue' from 'immorality' as well as 'out of morality', it aims to reveal a new emotional dimension based on love, not retaliation. When Nietzsche emphasizes the role of positive emotions such as 'mercy' and 'forgiveness' rather than negative emotions such as revenge, retaliation, and grudge, while analyzing justice in the dynamics of power relations, By allowing exception rule, we will critically analyze whether universality and consistency are lost.