• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.97-102
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• 1991

Finite element method has been developed recently for the solution of the convection-diffusion problems. Finite element method has several advantages over finite difference method, but its requirement of the larger memory size of the computer has prevented from wide application. In the present study, line-by-line technique has been implemented to finite element method to overcome this disadvantage. Two dimensional laminar natural convection in square cavity was chosen as an example in this study. The numerical result shows good agreement with bench mark solution and the size of the coefficient marix has been reduced drastically.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.28 no.8 s.227
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• pp.937-944
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• 2004

An experimental study has been conducted to evaluate the effects of $CO_2$ on heat transfer from oxygen-enriched hydrogen flame. Experiments were performed on flames stabilized by a co-flow swirl burner, which was mounted on top of the furnace. Five different oxidizer compositions were prepared by replacing $N_2$ with $CO_2$. In a steady state, the total as well as radiative heat flux from the flame to the wall of furnace have been measured using a heat flux meter. Temperature distribution in furnace also has been measured and compared. By increasing $CO_2$ proportion in the oxidizer, the convection played a more significant role rather than radiation. Overall temperature in the furnace was seen to be decreased, while the total heat flux has increased.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.112-117
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• 2001

A numerical investigation is made of unsteady double-diffusive convection of a Boussinesq fluid in a rectangular cavity subject to time-periodic thermal excitations. The fluid is initially stratified between the top endwall of low solute concentration and the bottom endwall of high solute concentration. A time-dependent heat flux varying in a square wave fashion, is applied on one sidewall to induce buoyant convection. The influences of the imposed periodicity on double-diffusive convection are scrutinized. A special concern is on the occurrence of resonance that the fluctuations of flow and attendant heat and mass transfers are mostly amplified at certain eigenmodes of the fluid system. Numerical solutions are analyzed to illustrate the characteristic features of resonant convection.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.639-647
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• 1999

Experimental methods of plume dispersion in convective boundary layer using a composite turbulence water tank have been established through (ⅰ) manufacturing of water tank system, (ⅱ) providing of tracer whose volatility is relatively low, (ⅲ) development of software for image processing of dispersed particles in fluid, and (ⅳ) application of appropriate similarity law. Using these methods, the vertical dispersion coefficient $$\sigma$_2$ at long distances on mesoscale and the centerline height $Z_c$ of plumes have been measured. Measurement of $$\sigma$_2$ have been validated through comparison with CONDORS field experiments, and analysed with respect to the intensity of heat flux and mechanical turbulence as well as plume release height. Downwind distance where plume center height approaches to final level has also been analysed in respect of these three parameters.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.231-241
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• 1996

The effect of radiation and buoyancy on the thermophoresis phenomenon owing to the presence of highly absorbing, emitting particles (such as soot or pulverized coal) suspended in a two phase flow system was investigated numerically for a turbulent mixed convection flow. The analysis of conservation equations for a gas-particle flow system was performed on the basis of a two-fluid model from a continuum Eulerian viewpoint. The modified van Driest and Cebeci mixing length turbulence model was adopted in the anaylsis of turbulent flow. In addition, the P-1 approximation was used to evaluate the radiation heat transfer. As expected from the particle concentration and drift velocity distribution, the cumulative collection efficiency E (x) becomes larger when the buoyancy effect increases (i.e. higher Grashof number), while smaller as the radiation effect increases (i.e. higher optical thickness).

• Water for future
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.265-270
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• 1985

The prediction of a design-flood hydrograph at a particular site on a river may be based on the derivation of discharge or stage hydrograph at an upstream section, togeater with a method to route this hydrograph along the rest of river. On the other hand, flood routing methods provide a useful tool for the analysis of flooding in all but the smaller catchment, and these methods are largely stored into hydrological method and hydraulic method. Although the Muskingum Method as a hydrological method ignores dynamic effects on the flood wave, Muskingum-Cunge Method based on hydraulic method is possible to improve the method so that it gives a good approximation to the solution of the linear convective-diffusion equation. This is made on the basis of the finite diffeience equation for the Muskingum Method. In the study, the outflows predicted by Muskingum-Cunge Method are campared with the observed outflows of the Pyung Chang River.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1171-1178
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• 1992

An experiment was performed to describe the heat and mass transfer occurring between hot waste gas and cold water through direct contact in a direct contact heat exchanger. This model was then used to obtain an equation of overall heat transfer coefficent based on heat exchanger volume. The diffusion heat transfer rate is 2-3 times larger than the convection heat transfer rate as results of condensation of the water vapor contained in the waste gas. The boiler efficiency increases over 10%.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.46-55
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• 1994

오늘날 막분리공정의 응용은 다른 분리공정에 비해 경제성과 편리성으로 비교우위에 있어 점차로 사용규모면에 있어서 증대되고 있다. 예를 들면, 바닷물을 음용수로 전환하거나 식품이나 의약공업에서 고분자화합물을 정제, 농축, 분리할 뿐만아니라 신장에서 불순물을 제거에 이르기까지 확대발전되어오고 있으며 화공약품의 분리회수, 초순수화나 환경산업의 폐수처리, 가스의 분리와 회수등의 응용에 이르기까지 쓰임새가 다양하며, 앞으로의 응용범위는 새로운 기능의 분리막개발과 함께 점점 확대되고 있다. 이와같은 막분리공정상 물질전달의 기본적특성인 추진력과 물리적인 성질의 중요성을 이해하는 것은 막분리공정을 설계제작하는데 필요하다. 막내에서 물질전달은 분리코져하는 물질의 확산, 전기장에의한 대류속도, 농도, 압력, 흡착 그리고 온도구배 등 물질이동현상을 조절하는 인자들 뿐만아니라 막의 물리적, 화학적 특성과 분리대상물질의 물리화학적 특성등에 의해 결정된다. 이러한 막내에서의 추진력들은 서로 상호 보완적이고 경우에 따라서는 새로운 효과를 나타낼 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 추진력에 따른 막물질이동에 영향을 주는 요소들을 저자가 경험한 결과들을 토대로 총론형식으로 열거하였다.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.20 no.B
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• pp.77-86
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• 2000

In order to observe the pattern forming of copper plate and chemical corrosion reaction, a study on the effect of the process parameters on the formation of micro-pattern by a photochemical etching of copper plate was carried out. The results are as follows : 1) Etching rate increases as the concentration of etchant increases under the regular condition of the temperature by the increasing of diffusion rate to surface. 2) Etching rate increases as the temperature of etchant increases by the fast acting of the material delivery of diffusion to surface under the regular condition of concentration. 3) It was found that etching speed increases as the material delivery of convection rising increased when the aeration speed of etchant increases. This result was from the fact acted by the material delivery of convection rising rather than material delivery of diffusion to the surface.

• Clean Technology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.134-139
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• 2013

VOCs such as formaldehyde and benzene in a control chamber were adsorbed onto gypsum incorporating oyster shell powder, which was solidified and dried. VOC was first exposed in air and then gypsum mortar was placed in the chamber for 180 min for adsorption. The mortar was prepared with 0, 10, 30, and 50% of oyster shell powder. Two initial concentrations of VOCs including formaldehyde were $27.7{\sim}28.5mg/m^3$ or $175{\sim}150{\mu}g/m^3$. We found out that the initial concentrations did not seem to make any difference in adsorption performance but higher oyster content strongly led to higher adsorption. We used a convection-diffusion-adsorption model to compare the experiment. The model which considers diffusion coefficients of adsorbates and affinity of the adsorbents well represented the experimental data with a fair agreement.