• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 1995

대기오염 물질의 대기중 거동을 이해하고 예측하기 위하여 여러 가지 대기질 모델이 사용되고 있다. 대기질 모델은 물리적인 모델과 수학적인 모델로 나눌 수 있다(U.S. Environmental Protection Agenc, 1986). 물리적인 모델은 풍동, 수조 등을 이용하여 실제 대기오염 시스템을 축소한 모형을 만들어서 대기오염 물질의 농도 분포를 측정하는 모델이다. 물리적 모델은 대기오염을 가시화 할 수 있다는 큰 장점이 있으나 대기의 난류현상을 재현하는데 제약이 있고 대기오염 물질의 중, 장거리 이동을 예측하는 데는 한계가 있다.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.607-616
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• 2012

The need for management of tunnel air quality is imminent considering the rapid increase of number and span of tunnels in Korea. To investigate spatial distribution of $CO_2$ within tunnels, $CO_2$ were measured and model simulations were performed in Namsan 1 tunnel. Results show that $CO_2$ concentrations were 250 ppm to 400 ppm higher in the exit than tunnel entrance. Also, $CO_2$ concentrations were 200 ppm to 300 ppm lower inside no ventilating vehicle than in the tunnel. Both experimental and model simulation results show that spatial distribution and concentration gradient of air pollutant inside tunnel are highly dependent on traffic density.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.132-133
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• 2000

2000년 현재 울산지역에는 대기질 상태를 측정하고 있는 11개의 일반 대기환경 측정망이 있다. 각 측정소별 특징을 살펴보면 개운동, 여천동, 화산리, 원산리 측정소는 공업지역에 위치해 있으며, 상업지역에는 성남동 및 무거동 측정소, 그리고 야음동, 상남리, 신정동, 덕신리 및 대송동 측정소는 주거지역에 위치해 있다. 울산지역에는 1978년도를 시작으로 80년대, 그리고 90년대 중반까지 주로 공업지역을 위주로 대기환경측정망을 배치시켜 왔다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2003.05b
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• pp.433-434
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• 2003

급속한 산업 발전과 더불어 산업전반에 걸쳐 환경문제가 심각해지면서 생활의 질적 향상에 따른 쾌적 환경을 추구하기 위해 실내와 작업장 내에 떠 있는 먼지나 유해가스 등의 오염물질로 인한 직업성 질병에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다 실내ㆍ외를 불문하고 환경오염이 인체 건강 및 위생에 미치는 영향은 오염물에 대한 노출시간에 관계하기 때문에 하루의 대부분의 시간을 실내에서 생활하는 현대인에게 실내 환경의 질은 아주 중요하다. 질의 물리적 특성에 따른 가스상, 입자상의 거동 및 농도분포에 대한 수치 해석적 연구는 매우 미흡한 실정이다. (중략)

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.183-200
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• 2019

In this study, the characteristics of seasonal $PM_{2.5}$ behavior in South Korea and other Northeast Asian regions were analyzed by using the $PM_{2.5}$ ground measurement data, weather data, WRF and CMAQ models. Analysis of seasonal $PM_{2.5}$ behavior in Northeast Asia showed that $PM_{2.5}$ concentration at 6 IMS sites in South Korea was increased by long-distance transport and atmospheric congestion, or decreased by clean air inflow due to seasonal weather characteristics. As a result of analysis by applying BFM to air quality model, the contribution from foreign countries dominantly influenced the $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations of Baengnyeongdo due to the low self-emission and geographical location. In the case of urban areas with high self-emissions such as Seoul and Ulsan, the $PM_{2.5}$ contribution from overseas was relatively low compared to other regions, but the standard deviation of the season was relatively high. This study is expected to improve the understanding of the air pollutant phenomenon by analyzing the characteristics of $PM_{2.5}$ behavior in Northeast Asia according to the seasonal weather condition change. At the same time, this study can be used to establish the air quality policy in the future, knowing that the contribution of $PM_{2.5}$ concentration to the domestic and overseas can be different depending on the regional emission characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.721-730
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• 2021

Maritime air pollutants around port cities have gained a great deal of attention due to their direct impacts on regional air quality. This study aims to determine the geographical properties of sea/land breezes in different areas to discover overall ranges of maritime emission dispersion. The HOTMAC-RAPTAD modeling program was used to simulate regional-scale air dispersion considering non-linear and unsteady states during the general summer period for the target areas of the Yellow Sea (Incheon Port and Pyeongtaek·Dangjin Ports), archipelago region (Mokpo Port), South and East Sea (Busan and Masan Ports) and East Sea with mountainous area (Donghae·Mukho Ports). The resulting dispersion lengths of vessel emissions into the onshore regions around the target ports shed light on portal air quality management, because vessel emissions from the Incheon, Mokpo, Busan, and Donghae·Mukho ports were transported 27-31km (Western Seoul), 21-24km (Southern Muan), 20-26km (Gimhae and Yangsan), and 22-25km (Taebeak Mountains), respectively. Therefore, the results of this study provide useful data for regional air quality management and marine air pollution mitigation to improve the sustainability of port cities.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.543-553
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• 2014

The environmental behavior of $SO_2$ was investigated in terms of the factors affecting the temporal variabilities by analyzing the data sets obtained from the Yongsan district in Seoul from 2004 till 2013. To this end, the relationship between $SO_2$ and relevant parameters including particulate matters (such as $PM_{2.5}$, $PM_{10}$, and TSP (total suspended particulates)) and gaseous components ($CH_4$, CO, THC (total hydrocarbon), NMHC (non-methane hydrocarbon), NO, $NO_2$, NOx, and $O_3$) was investigated in several aspects. Over a decade, the annual mean concentrations of $SO_2$ varied in the range of $4.36-5.86nmole\;mole^{-1}$ (min-max) which was about five times lower than the regulation guideline set for the air quality management in Korea. In fact, this pattern greatly contrasts with some other air pollutants of which concentrations exceeded their guideline values significantly. According to our analysis, $SO_2$ was strongly correlated to the temperature and other relevant parameters. The overall results of this study confirm that the administrative regulation of $SO_2$ levels has been made effectively relative to other airborne pollutants.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.133-145
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• 2012

The quantitative composition of total suspended particulates (TSP) in the atmosphere is identified to consist mainly of ions, organic carbon (OC), element carbon (EC), and metals. In terms of environmental analysis, the rest of the TSP composition may be defined as unknown fraction (${\Sigma}X$) which is yet difficult to analyze both quantitatively and qualitatively. In this study, the major components of TSP were measured at an urban residential area (Gang Seo) in Seoul, Korea from February to December 2009. These TSP data were analyzed in various respects to explain the relationship between known and unknown constituents. During this study period, TSP was comprised mainly of unknown compounds (48.6%) followed by ions, OC, EC, and metals. The results of this study indicate that the distribution of ${\Sigma}X$ exhibits a strong similarity with ${\Sigma}Anions$, as they both increase with increasing TSP levels. However, if the concentrations of ${\Sigma}X$ and ${\Sigma}Anion$ are normalized against TSP, they exhibit a strong inverse correlation with each other due probably to larges differences in solubility. To establish a better strategy for air quality control in urban atmosphere, more efforts are needed to characterize unidentified proportion of particulate matters.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.453-462
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• 1995

In connection with the safe storage of high level nuclear waste, effect of $H_2O$$_2$ on the corrosion behavior of 304L stainless steel was examined. Open circuit potentials and polarization curves were measured with and without $H_2O$$_2$. The experimental results show that $H_2O$$_2$ increased corrosion potential and decreased pitting potential. The passive range, therefore, decreased as $H_2O$$_2$ concentration increased, indicating that pitting resistance was decreased by the existence of $H_2O$$_2$ in the electrolyte. These effect of $H_2O$$_2$ on corrosion of 304L stainless steel are considered to be similar to those of ${\gamma}$-irradiation. To compare the effects of $H_2O$$_2$ with those of $O_2$, cathodic and anodic polarization curves ore made in three types of electrolyte such as aerated, deaerated, and stirred electrolyte. The experimental results show that the effects of $H_2O$$_2$ on the corrosion behavior were tory similar to those of $O_2$ such as increase of corrosion potential, decrease of pitting resistance, and increase of repassivation potential. In acid and alkaline media, the corrosion potential shifts by $H_2O$$_2$ were restricted by the large current density of proton reduction and by the le Chatelier's principle respectively.y.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.25-34
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• 1996

A SOx sensor using NASICON electrolyte was developed for monitoring of air pollution. The following galvanic cell with $Na_{2}SiO_{3}(Pt)$ reference electrode was assembled : Pt | $Na_{2}SiO_{3}$ | NASICON | $Na_{2}SO_{4}$ | Pt, $SO_{2}$, air $Na_{2}SO_{4}$ was used as an indicator electrode to protect NASICON electrolytes from chemical reaction with $SO_{2}$. The EMFs were measured after injecting $SO_{2}$ in the initial concentrations range of $5{\sim}95ppm$ at $400{\sim}550^{\circ}C$. The measured and calculated potentials were in good agreement above $500^{\circ}C$. However, the cells were unstable below $500^{\circ}C$, most likely due to incomplete attainment of chemical equilibrium. Response time was within 10 min. Based on the stability and response time of this cell, the NASICON solid electrolyte with $Na_{2}SiO_{3}(Pt)$ as the reference electrode and $Na_{2}SO_{4}$ (Pt)as the indicator electrode showed the possibility of a reliable, inexpensive commercial solid-state SOx sensor.