• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.5-17
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• 2020

In recent years, the frequency of heavy rainfall associated with high rainfall intensity has been continuously increasing due to the effects of climate change; and thus also causes an increase in watershed soil erosion. The existing estimation techniques, used for the prediction of soil erosion in Korea have limitations in predicting the: average soil erosion in watersheds, and the soil erosion associated with abnormal short-term rainfall events. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the characteristics of torrential rainfall, and utilize physics-based model to accurately determine the soil erosion characteristics of a watershed. In this study, the rainfall kinetic energy equation, in the form of power function, is proposed by applying the probability density function, to analyze the rainfall particle distribution. The distributed rainfall-erosion model, which utilizes the proposed rainfall kinetic energy equation, was utilized in this study to determine the soil erosion associated with various typhoon events that occurred at Cheoncheon watershed. As a result, the model efficiency parameters of the model for NSE and RMSE are 0.036 and 4.995 ppm, respectively. Therefore, the suggested soil erosion model, coupled with the proposed rainfall-energy estimation, shows accurate results in predicting soil erosion in a watershed due to short-term rainfall events.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2020

Lowering observers' view-height may increase the amount of occlusion across objects in a visual scene and prevent the accurate identification of the objects in the scene. Based on this possibility, memory stimuli in relation to their expected views from different heights were displayed in this study. Thereafter, visual short-term memory (VSTM) performance for the stimuli was measured. In Experiment 1, the memory stimuli were presented on a grid-background drawn according to linear perspectives, which varied across observers' three different view-heights (high, middle, and low). This allowed the participants to remember both the color and position of each memory stimulus. The results revealed that testing participants' VSTM performance for the stimuli under a different memory load of two set-sizes (3 vs. 6) demonstrated an evident drop of performance in the lowest view-height condition. In Experiment 2, the performance for six stimuli with or without the grid-background was tested. A similar pattern of performance drop in the lowest condition as in Experiment 1 was found. These results indicated that different view-heights of an observer can change the amount of occlusion across objects in the visual field, and the sensory interference driven by the occlusion may further influence VSTM performance for those objects.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.2010-2014
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 구하도 및 폐천 형성에 따른 시 공간적 하도 지형 변화를 정량적으로 파악하 기 위해 과거와 현재의 항공사진을 분석하였다. 항공사진은 청미천을 대상으로 하여 단기간의 인위적인 하천정비사업으로 인해 형성된 구하도의 형태 및 규모를 우선적으로 검토하였다. 그리고 하천의 종단 길이변화, 미지형 변화 등을 정량적으로 분석함으로서 인위적인 직강화 영향 후 하도 형태 변화를 예측할 수 있는 주요 요소들을 파악하였다.

• 월간낙농육우
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.126-136
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• 2016

세계 최대의 원유생산을 자랑하는 유럽의 낙농산업이 갈림길에 섰다. 지난 30년간 지탱해 온 유럽연합(EU) 국가별 우유 생산량 할당제(쿼터제)가 '15년 4월부터 폐지되면서 전환기를 맞이했다. 우유 생산량 제한정책의 폐지를 맞아 유럽의 낙농업계에는 희비가 갈리고 있다. EU는 세계 낙농시장에서 주요 역할을 하고 있으며 치즈 등 많은 낙농제품을 수출하는 선진 수출국으로 EU 유제품 수급 동향이 국제가격에도 영향을 미치고 있어 전세계 낙농종사자의 이목이 집중되고 있다. 유럽의 선진 낙농국들을 중심으로 쿼터 폐지에 따른 생산량 증가를 해소하기 위해 해외 시장 개척에 집중하는 등 국가별로 쿼터제 폐지라는 거대한 산을 넘기 위해 제 각기의 노력을 펼치고 있다. 우리나라 낙농업 또한 EU 수급 상황의 영향권에 있기 때문에 이들의 움직임을 주목할 필요가 있다. 네덜란드는 국가경제에서 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있는 낙농업의 지속가능한 성장을 위해 단기적인 성장이 아닌 중장기적인 관점으로 환경문제에 적극 대응하고 있다. 역사와 전통이 갚은 치즈의 대표 본고장 스위스는 쿼터제 폐지로 낮은 가격의 원유가 범람하면서 위기를 맞은 가운데 이를 타개하기 위한 방안 마련에 초점을 맞추고 있다. EU 내에서도 많은 원유를 생산해 내고 있는 독일 낙농업계도 운영비용을 절감할 수 있는 낙농 장비로 교체하는 등 생산비 절감 방안 마련에 집중하고 있다. 여성낙농인들과 함께 작지만 강한 나라 네덜란드와, 역사와 전통을 지난 스위스, 기술집약적 낙농 강국 독일을 방문해 그들이 낙농 강국으로 성장할 수 있었던 주요 성공요인과 사례를 중심으로 둘러보고 앞으로 우리나라 낙농이 나아갈 방향을 가늠해본다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.31-46
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• 2011

Information literacy of the individuals affects their competitive capability significantly by providing problem solving skills in the short run, and by enabling life-long learning in the long run. This study examines if information literacy capacity has any relationship with individuals' achievement level through the experiment with college student subject group. As evidences for individual achievement level, we adopted GPA's(grade point average) of students. As a result, it was confirmed that information literacy and academic achievements has positive relationship. Additionally, it has been found that this relationship has a tendency of sustaining for a significant period. These experiment results would serve as a rationale for providing information literacy courses in the academic curriculum.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.4
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• pp.573-579
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between visitor uses of national parks and economic variables, such as the index of industrial product and the consumer price index. The results from the Granger Causality test showed that the index of industrial product and the consumer price index influenced visitor use at national parks. Also the Impulse Response Analysis showed that the index of industrial product and the consumer price index greatly influenced national park visitor use in the short term as well as the long term. The study showed that national park visitor use was mainly influenced by variance decompositions. These results suggested that economic variables could be used to not only forecast the demand for recreation but also establish recreational policies.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.47-67
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate three issues. First, we investigated four control mechanisms that might increase the franchisee's perception of franchiser commitment: a franchiser's TSIs, relational norms, monitoring, and qualification programs. Second, we proposed that appropriateness and efficacy of these control mechanisms in fostering franchiser commitment might be changed over the relationship life cycle. Third, we examined how bureaucracy and levels of franchiser's commitment related to relationship satisfaction. Through empirical analysis, research results indicate that a franchiser's TSIs and relational norms are positively associated with the franchisee's perception of franchiser commitment. In detail, what increase franchisee's perception of franchiser commitment in short-term relationship are franchiser's TSIs but relational norms are more important in the long-term relationship. In addition, the results show that franchisee's perception of franchiser commitment, participation and formalization are positively related to relationship satisfaction.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.4 no.4 s.14
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• pp.53-66
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• 2002

Asphalt binder characteristics in asphalt mixture are changed due to aging. However. depending upon aggregate and binder used, asphalt mixture dose not show the same level of stiffness and brittleness under the same ageing level. The factors affecting Physical Properties change of the asphalt binder within aged asphalt concrete are not well known and there is limited study which is dealing with this topic This study dealt with evaluation of physical properties of asphalt binder recovered from the mixtures after short-term and long-term aging. Two asphalts. two aggregates. two gradations and four polymers were used to make 32 mixture combinations. The mixtures were prepared and aged artificially in a forced draft oven. The measured physical properties included absolute viscosity, kinematic viscosity and penetration. Statistical analyses were carried out to find out the factor(s) having a significant effect on change of physical property of asphalt binder due to asphalt mixture aging. The results of study shown that aggregate, gradation and polymer had a significant effect on change of physical properties of asphalt binder.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.119-131
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• 2021

Energy is an essential element in economic activity and people's lives, an important resource used by various industries, and the financialization of commodity markets has led to the growing importance of crude oil turning into the same asset as other assets. Accordingly, studies analyzing the correlation between energy prices and investor sentiment explain that investor sentiment affects oil prices through economic factors and speculation. In this study, we wanted to analyze whether the impact of the most representative changes in oil prices affects investor decision making, affecting investor sentiment, and applying wavelet consistency analysis to determine how energy prices relate to investor sentiment. Studies show that policies should be focused on policy and market changes because energy prices differ by time scale and investment sentiment should be more influential in the long term than in the short term.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.51-68
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to review China's perception on the U.S. power after the global financial crisis. Although economic power of U.S. was declined by the global financial crisis, U.S. hegemony in the international order still maintains. Gap of national power between U.S. and China may be narrow because of decline of U.S. economic power. It can be predicted China will push a policy that secures an initiative of reform in the global monetary system and is going to take a more cooperative policy without U.S. hegemony power harming China's core interests.