• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.502-509
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• 2007

Objectives : Folium perillae (FP) can relieve superficial pathogenic factors to dissipate cold and promote the circulation of qi and regulate the function of the stomach and is often used for interior qi-stagnation. We hypothesized that FP could rescue cerebral ischemia in rats. Methods : The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of FP on cerebral ischemia in terms of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in rats. Finally, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was investigated, too. Results : In this study, treatment with FP elevated rCBF and MABP levels in dose-dependent manner. Pre-treatment with indomethacin, an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, inhibited rCBF increase induced by FP effectively. However, FP did not affect stability during cerebral reperfusion. Finally, FP significantly inhibited LD H activity in vitro Conclusions : These results suggest that FP is useful to treat patient with diseases related to cerebral ischemia, because FP can increase rCBF and MABP.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.596-602
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• 2006

This study evaluated neuroprotective effect of Sunghyangjungki-San (SHS) on the focal cerebral ischemia. The rats were induced infarct in cerebral cortex and caudoputamen by using temporal occlussion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO), then water extract of SHS was treated for MCAO rats. Neuroprotective effect was evaluated by neurological score, infarct sizes and total volume, positive neurons against Bax, Caspase-3, HSP-72, and $HIF-1{\alpha}$ in infarct area with immunohistochemistry. The results obtained were as follows: Treatment of SHS improved neurological score of MCAO rats, but there was not a statistical significance. Treatment of SHS reduced significantly infarct sizes in the brain sections of MCAO rats. Treatment of SHS reduced significantly total volume of infarct of MCAO rats. Treatment of SHS reduced significantly Bax positive neurons in penumbra of cerebral cortex of MCAO rats. Treatment of SHS reduced significantly Caspase-3 positive neurons in caudoputamen and penumbra of cerebral cortex of MCAO rats. Treatment of SHS reduced significantly HSP-72 positive neurons in penumbra of cerebral cortex of MCAO rats. Treatment of SHS reduced significantly $IF-1{\alpha}$ positive neurons in penumbra of cerebral cortex of MCAO rats.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2000

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of Woowhangcheongshim-won(WCW) on the extracellular concentrations of amino acid neurotransmitters(glutamate, aspartate, GABA, glycine, taurine, alanine, and tyrosine) and organic acid (lactate and pyruvate) in striatum and cerebral infarction volume in rats subjected to permanent focal cerebral ischemia induced by 2 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO), using intracerebral microdialysis as the sampling technique, Microdialysis probes were inserted into the lateral part of the caudate-putamen 2 hours before the experiment and microdialyzates were collected at 20min intervals and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography, WCW significantly decreased the infarction volume with reducing focal cerebral ischemia-induced increase of extracellular glutamate, asparate, and tyrosine. On the other hand, the increase of GABA and taurine was enhanced after treatment of WCW in the ischemia-induced rats, These results suggest that WCW can produce a neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia by regulating extracellular excitatory and inhibitory amino acid levels in relation to the concept of excitotoxicity in brain ischemia.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

Objectives: Uncariae Ramulus Et Uncus extract is clinically used in Korea to treat ischemic cerebral damage. The present study was undertaken to study the neuroprotective effect of Uncariae Ramulus Et Uncus extract in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats. Methods: Changes of extracellular levels of dopamine, DOPAC, HVA. and HIAA in striatum were collected at 20 minutes interval by in vivo microdialysis and then analyzed by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) in rats subjected to permanent focal cerebral ischemia induced by 2 hours of MCAO. Uncariae Ramulus Et Uncus extract was orally administrated before MCAO. Different animals were used for measurement of cerebral infarction volume induced by 24 hours of MCAO with TIC staining and image analysis. Results: Extracellular levels of dopamine decreased after treatment with Uncariae Ramulus Et Uncus extract, while extracellular levels of DOPAC and HVA significantly increased. Cerebral infarction volume also significantly decreased after treatment with Uncariae Ramulus Et Uncus extract. Conclusions: These results provided evidence that Uncariae Ramulus Et Uncus extract can produce a neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia by regulating extracellular excitatory neurotransmitters.

• 약학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.371-377
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• 2000

In order to investigate the pharmacological properties of fractions of Astragali Radix and Polygalae Radix, the effects of the fractions on cerebral ischemia and subsequent reperfusion were studied. Brain ischemia was induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion in mongolian gerbil. Brains were recirculated for 30 mins after the 20 min occlusion. Methanol and butanol fractions of Astragali Radix and Polygalae Radix were administered orally 2 hrs before common carotid artery occlusion. Histological observations showed that brain ischemia induced severe brain damage evidenced by the presence of necrotic foci, edema and hemorrhage. This injury was prevented by the methanol fraction and butanol fraction of Polygalae Radix. The level of ATP in brain tissue significantly decreased in ischemic gerbils. This decrease was prevented by the pretreatment with butanol fraction of Polygalae Radix. In contrast, the levels of lactate and lipid peroxide were both elevated in ischemic gerbils. This elevation was inhibited by the pretreatments with methanol fraction and butanol fraction of Polygalae Radix. Our findings suggest that the Polygalae Radix improves ischemia-induced brain damage.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2001

The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the effects of Samwha-tang(三化湯) Extracts on reversible forebrain ischemia experimentally induced from the occlusion of middle cerebral artery. The volume of cerebral ischemia, the volume of cerebral edema, and the change of pyramidal neuron of the CA1 area in hippocampus through light microscopy were investigated. we obtained the following results. The volume of the control group, which had ischemic damage was 21%, and the volume of the sample group, which had ischemic damage, was 16%. The ratio of the volume of the right/left hemisphere was 117.2 in the control group, and 108.8 in the sample group. Also, the light microscopy revealed that the pyramidal cells of CA1 area in hippocampus had many damages like changes into discontinuous and unsystematic forms. But, in the sample group, the cells were less damaged compared with the control group.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.741-747
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• 2007

This study evaluated neuroprotective effects of Yanggyuksanhwa-tang (YST), which have been known to be efficacy in the treatment of the stroke and diabetes. on focal cerebral ischemia of diabetic rats. On primary experiment, diabetic condition in rats was induced by streptozotocin injection, then, focal cerebral ischemia was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) under the diabetic condition. Then neuroprotective effect of YST was observed with changes of infarct size and volume, expressions of c-Fos, Bax, and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1${\alpha}$ in the brain tissues by using 2% 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and immunohistochemistry. YST treatment showed a significant decrease of infarct size and volume induced by MCAO in diabetic rats. YST treatment showed a significant decrease of c-Fos and Bax positive neurons in cortex penumbra. YST treatment showed a decrease of HIF-l${\alpha}$ positive neurons in cortex penumbra, but it was not significant statistically. These results suggest that YST has effects on neuroprotection against cerebral infarct under diabetic condition. And it is supposed that neuroprotective effect of YST reveals by anti-apoptosis mechanism.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.999-1006
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to report the improvement of symptoms by Korean medicine in acute hemorrhagic infarction. Method: The patient was diagnosed with a cerebral infarction of the right temporal lobe accompanied by cerebral hemorrhage of the left basal ganglia. He did not receive intravenous thrombolytic treatment. Sunghyangjungi-san-gamibang was initially administered, and Gami-daebo-tang was administered during the recovery phase, together with Uhwangchungsim-won, Simjeok-hwan, and acupuncture. The prognostic observation was conducted using the manual muscle test (MMT), the Korean version of the modified Bathel index (K-MBI), and subjective assessment. Results: After Korean medicine treatment, the K-MBI score was improved from 52 to 93. The MMT score and subjective assessment also showed improvement. Conclusions: For patients who cannot be treated with intravenous thrombolytic treatment, Korean medicine treatment is effective during the early and recovery stages of stroke.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제83권5호
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• pp.1046-1058
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• 2022

해마는 뇌에서 가장 대사가 활발한 부위 중 하나이다. 그러므로 해마는 다양한 급성기 질환으로부터 영향을 받을 수 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 해마와 관련된 다양한 질환들을 소개 및 분류하며 특히 확산강조영상을 중심으로 자기공명영상 소견에 대해 설명하는 것이다. 급성기 해마 질환은 감염, 염증, 대사성, 허혈성, 외상성 그리고 기타 총 6가지로 분류하였다. 환자들은 임상적 소견 그리고 확산강조영상 중심의 자기공명영상을 토대로 후향적으로 검토되었다. 모든 질환들은 임상적 또는 병리학적으로 진단되었다. 급성기 해마 질환들은 임상 양상이 겹치는 경우가 많다. 그러므로 감별 진단을 위해서 급성기 해마 질환들을 분류하고 각각의 특징적인 영상 소견을 이해하는 것이 중요하다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.241-250
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• 2001

목적: 뇌동맥류파열에 의한 지주막하출혈에 동반되는 뇌혈관수축에 따른 뇌허혈 상태는 환자의 예후에 영향을 미치게 되므로 조기에 진단, 치료하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 뇌동맥류파열에 의한 지주막하출혈 환자에서 기저/아세타졸아미드 부하 뇌혈류 SEPCT에서의 혈관예비능 유지여부가 환자의 예후를 예측하는데 도움이 되는지 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 대뇌동맥류 파열에 의한 지주막하출혈이 있는 환자 21명을 대상으로 하였다. CT와 뇌혈관촬영으로 혈관수축여부를 진단하였으며, 기저/아세타졸아미드 부하 Tc-99m ECD SPECT로 혈관예비능 감소 유무를 평가하였고 GOS (glasgow outcome scale)로 임상경과를 평가하였다. 혈류예비능 감소와 혈관수축의 상관 관계를 알아보고, 혈류예비능감소, 혈관수축, 기저 SPECT의 혈류결손과 Hunt-Hess 등급, CT상 지주막하 출혈량, GOS등급과의 관계를 Fishers exact test로 분석하였다. 결과: 기저 SPECT에서 혈류결손은 81% (17/21)에서 관찰되었으며, 아세타졸아미드 투여 SEPCT에서 혈관예비능 감소는 38% (8/21)에서 관찰되었고, 혈관수축도 38% (8/21)에서 관찰되었다. 혈관예비능은 임상경과(GOS로 평가)가 양호한 군에서 유지되었고(92%,12/13) 불량한 군에서 감소되어(62.5%, 5/8) (p=0.014), 환자의 임상경과를 잘 반영하였다. 또한 혈관예비능 감소군에서 지주막하출혈정도가 심하였으며(p=0.017), Hunt-Hess 등급도 불량하였다(p=0.041). 혈관예비능과 혈관수축의 상관관계를 보면 서로 일치하는 경우가 71% (15/21)였으며, 혈관수축이 없이 혈관예비능이 감소된 경우가 23% (3/13), 혈관수축을 보이면서 혈관예비능이 유지되어 있는 경우가 8예 중 3예에서 관찰되었는데 환자들의 임상결과는 혈관예비능 보존유무와 일치하였다. 결론: 혈관촬영으로 진단한 뇌혈관수축은 실제 뇌혈류못하였고 기저/아세타졸아미드 부하 뇌혈류 SPECT는 뇌의 기능과 혈류 및 뇌혈관예비능을 평가함으로써 뇌동맥류파열에 의한 지주막하출혈 환자의 예후를 예측하는데 유용한 검사라고 생각된다.