• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.245-245
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.244.2-244.2
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.119-120
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• 1998

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.134-141
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• 2005

Cultivation of winter cover crops and its soil utilization for summer main crops in slope upland is very important at the respects of diminution of soil erosion and non-point pollution source. The effects of cover crop, hairy vetch as no-tillage or conventional tillage on prevention of soil erosion and reduction of chemical nitrogen fertilization were investigated in the slope upland with whiter clover living mulch (partial tillage) in Suwon for three years and with rye (conventional tillage) in Hongcheon for two years, respectively. In Suwon, amounts of soil lost by rainfall runoff decreased as much as 90% by hairy vetch-no tillage (HV-NT), white clover-partial tillage (WF-PT) together with the decrease of rainfall runoff compared to winter fallow with conventional tillage (WF-CT). In addition, amounts of weed also decreased as much as 80-90% by HV-NT and WF-PT. Corn yield decreased much at the plot of WF-PT mainly due to competition for soil water and nutrients between clover and corn at the early corn growth stage. On the contrary, corn yield increased by HV-NT compared to WF-CT regardless of weed control. In Hongcheon, amounts of soil eroded during winter season before corn seeding were reduced as much as 95% by cultivation of hairy vetch and rye compared to winter fallow. Amount of soil eroded during waxy corn growing season was reduced as much as 98% by HV-NT compared to WF-CT. Also, soil incorporation of hairy vetch and rye as green manure with conventional tillage at corn seeding time could reduce soil erosion as much as 70% compared to no soil cover with conventional tillage. Ear yields of waxy corn were increased 10% higher at hairy vetch green manure (HV-CT) without nitrogen fertilizer, 20% higher at HV-NT with standard nitrogen fertilizer, respectively than WF-CT. But ear yields of waxy corn were decreased by rye green manure (R-CT) and HV-NT at the condition of no nitrogen fertilizer. It was concluded that hairy vetch was better as winter cover crop to reduce both soil erosion and chemical nitrogen fertilizer simultaneously in slope upland than other cover crops.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.409-420
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• 2008

The highland area remained bare for the winter and spring seasons and this condition has resulted in soil erosion. In this areas, crop rotation by legume has not been commonly practiced. Thus, this study was carried out to evaluate the effects of the growth characteristics and nitrogen yield as a green manure crop according to sowing seasons of hairy vetch and woolly pod vetch. In this experiment, we was investigated the growth characteristics, winter tolerance, soil coverage and productivities of hairy vetch and woolly pod vetch. We cultivated two hairy vetch(Madison, H1) and two woolly pod vetch(Naomi, Haymaker) varieties in the highland area from 2006 to 2007. The result are summarized as follows; The plant height of hairy vetch increased with the progress of growth stage until flowering stage. The wintering rate of hairy vetch was $79{\sim}83%$ in highland area. But, the wintering rate of woolly pod vetch was $29.5{\sim}39.2%$. The 100% soil coverage of hairy vetch was reached between end of May and beginning of June under autumn sowing, and between end of June and beginning of July under spring sowing. The weeds density of hairy vetch field under autumn sowing was lower than that under spring sowing. Dry matter yield of hairy vetch was significantly higher than that of woolly pod vetch under autumn sowing. The dry matter yield of hairy vetch and woolly pod vetch were $5,255{\sim}5,405kg/ha$ and $3,520{\sim}3,640kg/ha$, respectively. But, hairy vetch in spring sowing was not significantly higher fresh matter yield than that of woolly pod vetch. The nitrogen content in hairy vetch and woolly pod vetch was $2.98{\sim}3.08$ and $2.74{\sim}3.21%$, respectively. There were no significant difference in nitrogen content of the hairy vetch and woolly pod vetch under the spring sowing. N-uptake of hairy vetch was significantly higher than that of woolly pod vetch in autumn sowing. The N uptake was $156{\sim}164\;kg/ha$ in hairy vetch and $96{\sim}101\;kg/ha$ in woolly pod vetch under autumn sowing. It was thought that hairy vetch was better than woolly pod vetch as a green manure crop in autumn sowing considering wintering rate and yield of dry matter in highland area. And woolly pod vetch could use as a green manure crop under spring sowing in highland area.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.1095-1102
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• 2011

The effect of mixed cultivation with green manure crops and liquid pig manure on rice growth was investigated. Field experiment in site 1 (Astragalus sinicus L.) and site 2 (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were designed with control (non-green manure crop), PLM 100 (non-green manure crop + liquid pig manure 100%), A(L)PLM 0 (green manure crop + PLM 0%), A(L)PLM 50 (green manure crop + PLM 50%), A(L)PLM 75 (green manure crop + PLM 75%), and A(L)PLM 100 (green manure crop + PLM 100%). The results of 1,000 grain in rice plant were in the order of APLM 100 ${\geqq}$ APLM 75 ${\fallingdotseq}$ PLM 100 ${\fallingdotseq}$ APLM 0 ${\fallingdotseq}$ APLM 50 ${\fallingdotseq}$ control for site 1 and LPLM 100 ${\geqq}$ LPLM 75 = LPLM 50 = PLM 100 ${\geqq}$ LPLM 0 ${\fallingdotseq}$ control for site 2. The yields of rice in site 1 and site 2 were $636kg\;10a^{-1}$ (increasing yield 10%) for APLM 100 and $775kg\;10a^{-1}$ (increasing yield 12%) for LPLM 100, respectively.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.333-337
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• 2015

This experiment was carried out to figure out the growth and yield of waxy corn after cultivating the hairy vetch which was mostly used as a green manure crop. The waxy corn showed the growth and yield efficiency relative to conventional culture after the hairy vetch was returned to as the green manure and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer increased, and the LAI was similar to the conventional culture when less than 18 kg. Length of ear slightly decreased compared to 188 mm of conventional culture when the hairy vetch was used as the green manure and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer was less than 9 kg, but the length of ear increased relative to the conventional culture when the amount of applied nitrogen fertilizer was more than 18 kg. The highest 100-kernel weight was 35.4 g with the hairy vetch and 27 kg of nitrogen fertilizer treatment. The lowest 100-kernel weight was 27.4 g with the hairy vetch and 0 kg of nitrogen fertilizer treatment. Quantity with the hairy vetch and 9 kg of the nitrogen fertilizer treatment was similar the conventional culture. Suger content with the hairy vetch and more than 18 kg of the nitrogen fertilizer treatment was higher than the conventional culture. Thickness of pericarp showed no difference among treatments.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.172-178
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• 2009

Relation between spatial variation of soil salinity and emergence of five upland crops such as sudan grass, sesbania, barnyard grass, corn and soybean was studied in the three reclaimed lands of Korea during two years from 2007 to 2008. Although soil salinity is vary high at seeding season, desalting treatment by three days-flooding before seeding, reach at favorable level lower than $6dS\;m^{-1}$ of soil salinity for emergence of soiling and forage crops and then plant number emerged(No. $m^{-2}$) was 55~149 for sudan grass, 118~266 for barnyard grass, 46~115 for sesbania, 3~11 for corn and 6~19 for soybean in 2007. However plant number emerged under no desalting treatment varies place by place because of soil salinity difference in 2008. Plant number emerged after seeding according to soil salinity was well expressed as logarithmic function, and sharply decrease with increase of soil salinity. It is accordingly concluded that desalting treatment of flooding before seeding of upland crops is essential for good emergence in the newly reclaimed land from tidal flat.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.179-186
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• 2009

Relation between soil salinity and forage yield of five upland crops such as sudan grass, sesbania, barnyard grass, corn and soybean was studied in the three reclaimed lands of Korea during two years from 2007 to 2008. Although plant number emerged was obtained satisfactory by desalting treatment, further growth of crops was sharply affected by re-salting process according to soil drying. Soil salinity varied place by place and changed constantly, crop growth was differently responded to soil salinity according to the specific conditions of the reclaimed lands. In the Iweon reclaimed land with higher soil water conductivity and sandy soil texture, crop growth and yield sharply decrease with increase of soil salinity. Relation between soil salinity and crop growth and yield was well expressed as logarithmic function. Surface soil EC to reach at 50% of growth reduction to the tallest height of crops was $5dS\;m^{-1}$ for soybean, $6dS\;m^{-1}$ for corn and $7dS\;m^{-1}$ for sudan grass, sesbania, and barnyard grass by logarithmic function. In the Hwaong and Yeongsangang reclaimed lands with low soil conductivity and finer soil texture, plant growth response to salt stress was statistically vague by mixing of harmful influence from flooding and wet injury. However, it is observed that crop growth and yield on the place of lower salinity was better than crop growth on the place of higher salinity. It is accordingly concluded that flooding control during summer rainy season is vary important as well as desalting process for good growth of soiling and forage crops in the newly reclaimed land from tidal flat.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.327-331
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• 2009

Korean government has promoted the policy of chemical fertilizer reduction by 40% reduction from 2003 to 2013. Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) fixes nitrogen from the atmosphere and rye (Secale cerale L.) accumulates soil nitrogen to reduce potential nitrogen loss. The objective of this research was to identify optimum seeding rates of hairy vetch-rye mixtures in the central regions of Korea. The experiment of mixture rate was carried out for maximum production in 2006 and 2007. The best seeding rate mixture for maximum biomass production was 6.75 kg hairy vetch and 5 kg rye per 10a. Pure hairy vetch and rye were used as control. The nitrogen production of mixture treatments were higher than pure rye. The hairy vetch and rye mixture can scavenge potentially leachable nitrogen, while maintaining soil fertility by adding fixed nitrogen to the cropping system.