• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 1999

To search for antioxidative compounds from plant resources, methanol extracts of 45 plant species were investigated using DPPH method. The highest activity was shown in the methanol extract of Acer ginnala($RC_{50}\;:\;15{\mu}g$), followed by Stewartia koreana($RC_{50}\;:\;28{\mu}g$) and Carpinus laxiflora($RC_{50}\;:\;33{\mu}g$). Two antioxidative compounds were isolated from the methanolic extract of Acer ginnala Max and identified as acertannin(2, 6-di-O-galloyl-1, 5-anhydro-D-glucitol) and gallicin (methyl-3, 4, 5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) on the basis of mass spectroscopy, $^1H-\;and\;^{13}C-NMR$ data. The DPPH free radical scavenging activities of acertannin($RC_{50}\;:\;3.5{\mu}g$) and gallicin($RC_{50}\;:\;2.8{\mu}g$) were more effective than those of BHA($RC_{50}\;:\;14{\mu}g$) and ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ ($RC_{50}\;:\;12{\mu}g$).

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide the baseline data for conservation and management of Korean forest ecosystem by surveying and analyzing the vascular plants distributed from Gitdaebaegibong to Cheonghwasan in Baekdudaegan Mountains. The results are as follows. The numbers of vascular plants in the whole survey section were summarized as 771 taxa including 103 families, 379 genera, 623 species, 4 subspecies, 121 varieties and 23 forms. There were 377 taxa in A-section, 395 taxa in B-section, 278 taxa in C-section, 325 taxa in D-section, 534 taxa in E-section, and 406 taxa in F-section. The rare plants were 32 taxa including Megaleranthis saniculifolia, Rodgersia podophylla, Iris ensata var. spontanea, and Gastrodia elata. In IUCN Red List categories, there were 1 taxon of CR, EN, and DD each, 11 taxa of the VU, and 18 taxa of the LC. The Korean endemic plants were 26 taxa including Asarum versicolor, Clematis fusca var. coreana, Vicia chosenensis, Stewartia pseudocamellia, Carex okamotoi, and Luzula sudetica var. nipponica. The specific plants by floristic region were 143 taxa including 3 taxa of grade V, 12 taxa of grade IV, 41 taxa of grade III, 42 taxa of grade II, and 45 taxa of grade I. The naturalized plants were 41 taxa including Rumex crispus, Ailanthus altissima, Erechtites hieracifolia, Erigeron annuus, and Poa pratensis. The invasive alien plants were 4 taxa including Rumex acetocella, Sicyos angulatus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, and Aster pilosus. The plants adaptable to climate change were 43 taxa including 14 taxa of endemic plants, 2 taxa of southern plants, and 27 taxa of northern plants.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 1999

To develope wild flower collected from Chollabuk-do area resource plant species were investigated from May 1996 to April 1997. This study was focussed to make the basic data for better quality of breeding species from wild flower species and to keep proper gene pool for development with competitive power internationally in future. There was 131 species blooming in spring season(34.7%), 219 species in summer(58.1%), 25 species in autumn(6.6%) and 2 species in winter(0.5%), respectively. Flower color of all the plants was 26 kinds in diverse, among them, white flowers were occupied dominantly of 28.9%, yellow flowers, 20.7%, violet flowers, 16.4% and red purple flowers, 7.9%, respectively. Transplanted wild flower plants at the garden in the study area frequently were Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum, Hemerocallis fulva, Iris nertschinskia, Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense, Rhododendron mucronulatum, Pulsatilla koreana, Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum, Taraxacum platycarpum, Chrysanthemum boreale, Liriope platyphylla and Lycoris radiata. Twenty-six species of wild flowers such as Cymbidium goeringii, H. fulva, L. radiata, C. zawadskii var. latilobum, etc. were collected from their habitat and being selling at the market or road side. Total 343 taxa of wild flowers to prevent carrying out to foreign countries and to improve better quality were selected and recommended in this study, for example, they were 41 taxa of Compositae plant, 25 of Rosaceae, 20 of Liliaceae and 18 of Ranunculaceae in order. Acorus calamus var. angustatus, Cypripedium japonicum, C. macranthum, Calanthe discolor, Dicentra spectabilis, Ilex cornuta, Stewartia koreana, Abeliophyllum distichum, Forsythia saxatilis and Campanula glomerata var. dahurica should be protected as wild flowers because their numbers are decreasing remarkably, belong to rare species, being at a crisis to extinct species and important plants for research materials.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.231-244
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to offer the basic information for the rational management plan in construction and running of eco-forest by analyzing the vascular plant of the constructreserved site of eco-forest in Mt. Daeun, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do. The vascular plants were 280 taxa; 75 families, 179 genera, 245 species, 3 subspecies, 28 varieties and 4 forma. The Korean endemic plants were 6 taxa including Pseudostellaria coreana, Stewartia pseudocamellia, Primula modesta var. hannasanensis and so forth. The rare plants were Juniperus chinensis var.sargentii, Prunus yedoensis, Primula modesta var. hannasanensis, Chionanthus retusus and Scopolia japonica. The naturalized plants were 14 taxa including Rumex acetosella, Lepidium apetalum, Trifolium repens, Oenothera biennis, Veronica persica and so forth. The invasive alien plants were Rumex acetosella and Ambrosia artemisiifolia. Specific plant species by floristic region were total 24 taxa; Prunus yedoensis and Primula modesta var. hannasanensis in class V, Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii and Acer pictum subsp. mono in class IV, 5 taxa including Dryopteris bissentiana, Scolopolia japonica and so forth in class III, Pseudostellaria coreana, Potentilla dickinsii and Chionanthus retusus in class II, 12 taxa including Acotinum jaluense, Clematis patens and so forth in class I.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 1986

Silkworms have been found cross infected with other microsporidia of insects in mulberry trees, forest and fruit gardens. Even the unidentified microsporidian species were not seriously pathogenic to silkworms, the silkworm egg producers lose their profit because of the elimination of eggs laid from moths which are infected with any kind of microsporidian species. Recently, the microsporidian cross infection to silkworm is in tendency of increase and the authors have investigated the field insects to examine the microsporidia. The number of species of insects infected with microsporidia was 10 and they were Boettcherisca peregrina (Robineau-Dewvoidy), Apis melifera linnaeus, Artogenia rapae Linnaeus, Tipula aino Alexander, Altica cacrulescens (Baly), Anomela daimiana Harold, Eilema griseola (Jubner), Rbalbistylun speciosum Uller, Anisodactylus signatus illiger, Oulema oryzae (Kuwayama). From the Boettcherisca peregrina (Rogineau-Desvoidy), three different species of micrsporidia were isolated and the microsporidia isolated from Boettcherisca peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy), Apis melifera Linnaeus, Artogenia rapae Linnaeus donot have infectivity to silkworm larvae, Bombyx mori L.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.121-153
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• 2013

We investigated the flora of Mudeung-san (Mt.) located in Gwangju-gwangyeoksi, Hwasun-gun and Damyang-gun and discussed the vascular plants found there. 22 days separate fild trips were completed from March of 2009 to November 2011. As a result, we identified the distribution of 816 taxa in Mudeung-san (Mt.), comprising 123 families, 441 genera, 668 species, 5 subspecies, 121 varieties and 18 forms. There are a total 111 taxa of floristic regional indicator plants. The floristic regional indicator plants are as follows; nine taxa of level V such as Gastrodia elata Blume, six taxa of level IV such as Hylomecon hylomeconoides T. Lee, 21 taxa of level III such as Stewartia korena Nakai, 18 taxa of level II, and 66 taxa of level I. In addition, two critically endangered species (CR), Galeola septentrionalis Rchb.f. and Paeonia obovata Maxim., two endangered species (EN), Dryopteris cycadina (Franch. & Sav.) C.Chr. and Jeffersonia dubia Benth., and eight vulnerable species (VU), such as Lilium callosum Siebold & Zucc, were found in the investigated area. Also, 14 endermic plants of Korea, such as Salix koriyanagi Kimura and Aconitium chiisanense Nakai, were found.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.110-127
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• 2016

This floristic study was conducted from April to September, 2014 in 12 days. The investigated area was Mt. Segeolsan (1,261 m) which is the part of Chirisan National Park and its neighbor region, Goan-ri, Sandeuk-ri. Based on voucher specimens, flora of this area consisted of 108 families, 376 genera, 584 species, 5 subspecies, 73 varieties, and 16 forma, totally 679 taxa. 17 taxa were endemic to Korea such as Carex okamotoi Ohwi, Cimicifuga austrokoreana H.W. Lee & C.W. Park., Thalictrum rochebrunianum var. grandisepalum (H.Lév.) Nakai, Fallopia koreana B.U. Oh & J.G. Kim, Asarum patens (Yamaki) Yamaki ex Y.N. Lee, and Stewartia pseudocamellia Maxim. etc. Among these species, C. austrokoreana, T. rochebrunianum var. grandisepalum, F. koreana, A. patens are considered having a southern boundary line of distribution in the Chirisan National Park region. And so Carex okamotoi has main distribution center in the Chirisan National Park region, this study region is assumed important in phytogeography. The useful plants were 633 taxa, ethonobotanic plants were 359 taxa in this area. Invasive alien species were 61 taxa, which were naturalized rate (9.0%) and urbanized index (17.4%).

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.398-414
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• 2011

The flora in the region of Mt. Sobaeksan National Park ($N36^{\circ}50^{\prime}-37^{\circ}50^{\prime}$, $E128^{\circ}20^{\prime}-128^{\circ}43^{\prime}$) was surveyed from April of 2005 to October of 2011. The vascular plants from 27 field surveys were revealed to total 869 taxa, comprising 112 families, 429 genera, 756 species, four subspecies, 91 varieties and 18 forms. Sixty-eight taxa were the first records from this region. This field study discovered significant plants in various categories. Korean endemic plants numbered 25 taxa, and 18 taxa designated by the Korean Forest Service as rare plants were investigated in this region. The taxa in category II of rare and endangered plants and higher than the third degree among the floristic regional indicator plants designated by the Korean Ministry of the Environment were three taxa and 75 taxa, respectively. From a geographical perspective, limited distribution of Saxifraga octopetala, Corydalis grandicalyx, Aegopodium alpestre, and Polygonatum acuminatifolium at a latitude higher than that of Sobaeksan National Park suggest that Sobaeksan National Park might be the limit line of the distribution of the taxa. Stewartia koreana demonstrate a reversed pattern from the taxa above, occurring at a latitude lower than that of Sobaeksan National Park. In addition, naturalized plants of 53 taxa were recorded.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.04a
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• pp.66-66
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• 2019

본 연구조사의 대상지인 백두대간은 시점인 백두산에서 종점인 지리산까지 이어지는 한반도 전체를 관통하는 핵심 생태축이며, 남북한을 이어주는 산맥으로 인정되고 있다. 그 중 속리산 권역내 늘재하늘재(56.3km) 구간을 2018년 4월에서 10월까지 계절별로 식물의 고도별 수직분포, 식물상을 조사하여 한반도 식물의 기초 자료를 조사하고자 한다. 조사구간의 고도는 최저 310m에서 최고1,052m(평균 726m)로 전형적인 온대낙엽활엽수-침엽수 혼효림으로 구분된다. 주요 조사지인 300m1100m 고도에서 발견된 식물은 85과 227속 358종 4아종 37변종 5품종 총 404종이 출현하였으며 이중 한국특산식물은 노각나무, 자란초, 처녀치마 등 15과 19속 19종 2변종 총 21분류군, 희귀식물은 개병풍, 모데미풀 등 12과 19속 22종 총 22분류군, 기후변화 취약식물은 특산식물 9종, 남방계 1종, 북방계 16종으로 15과 20속 25종 총 25분류군으로 북방계 식물이 대다수 등장하였다. 고도별 분포를 보면 접속구간 300m 제외한 400m 107종, 500m 306종, 600m 137종, 700m 209종, 800m 190종, 900m 92종으로 종수-고도간 유의관계는 낮았으나, 생활형으로 구분한 목본(MM, M, N) 및 초본(CH, HH, H, G, Th, E)간 종의 구성비에서는 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 400m에서 목본의 구성비는 40%였으나 고도에 따라 증가해 900m에서는 61%에 달했으며, 초본의 구성비는 60%에서 40%로 낮아졌다. 해당 구간의 이러한 경향을 봤을 때 마루금의 평균 해발고도 중심으로 식물이 주로 발견된 경향이 있으나 구성비의 변화를 봤을 때 700m를 중심으로 변화가 일어나고 있었으며 이는 각 정상부, 접속부의 물리적 환경의 차이로 이해된다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.445-468
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of vascular plants growing at the Mt. Daedun provincial park area in the boundary between Nonsan-si, Geumsan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do and Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. We collected the vascular plants 9 times from May 2016 to July 2017. The flora of Mt. Daedun was classified as a total of 434 taxa comprising of 95 families, 278 genera, 388 species, 3 subspecies, 38 varieties and 5 forma. Among them, the endemic plants in Korea that the investigation found were 11 taxa including Broussonetia kazinoki Siebold, Clematis trichotoma Nakai, Thalictrum actaefolium var. brevistylum Nakai, etc. It also found rare plant species, as designated by the Korea Forest Service were 6 taxa including 5 grade LC taxa such as Eranthis stellata Maxim., Viola albida Palib., and Scopolia japonica Maxim. and 1 grade DD taxa, Scrophularia koraiensis Nakai. The special floristic plants were a total of 35 taxa such as 9 taxa in degree III (Eranthis stellata Maxim., Stewartia pseudocamellia Maxim., Acer palmatum Thunb., etc.), 7 taxa in degree II (Equisetum hyemale L., Potentilla dickinsii Franch.&Sav., Viola orientalis (Maxim.) W. Becker, etc.) and 19 taxa in degree I (Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai, Cephalotaxus koreana Nakai, Ulmus parvifolia Jacq., etc.) to provide basic data. No taxa in grade V or IV were found. The naturalized plants were 34 taxa including Rumex acetosella L., Phytolacca americana L. and Chenopodium album L., and the percentage of urbanization index was 10.6% while the naturalized plant index was 7.7%.