• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.20-24
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• 2016

Sequence-to-sequence 모델은 입력열을 길이가 다른 출력열로 변환하는 모델로, 단일 신경망 구조만을 사용하는 End-to-end 방식의 모델이다. 본 논문에서는 Sequence-to-sequence 모델을 한국어 구구조 구문 분석에 적용한다. 이를 위해 구구조 구문 트리를 괄호와 구문 태그 및 어절로 이루어진 출력열의 형태로 만들고 어절들을 단일 기호 'XX'로 치환하여 출력 단어 사전의 수를 줄였다. 그리고 최근 기계번역의 성능을 높이기 위해 연구된 Attention mechanism과 Input-feeding을 적용하였다. 실험 결과, 세종말뭉치의 구구조 구문 분석 데이터에 대해 기존의 연구보다 높은 F1 89.03%의 성능을 보였다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.195-199
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• 1987

Changes in quality characteristics of boiled-dried anchovy during storage under different packaging conditions for 6 months were studied. For the packaging trials, kraft paper (KP), kraft paper laminated with 0.03 mm polyethylene film (KP/PE) and 0.1 mm polyethylene film with nitrogen gas substitution ($N_2$ gas) were employed. In case of KP, the reaction of thiobarbituric acid, browning rate of lipid oxidation and Hunter color values of L, a and b were remarkably higher than those packaged in KP/PE or $N_2$ gas. Judging from organoleptic evaluation boiled-dried anchovy could be preserved in acceptable condition for 6 months at $5^{\circ}C$in all packaging cases and, at room temperature, 3 months in KP and 4 months in KP/PE or $N_2$ gas. From the standpoint of quality stability by packaging methods, it was concluded as good in sequence as $N_2$, gas, KP/PE and KP. The results suggest that the quality of boiled-dried anchovy be well preserved by packaging with inert gas ($N_2$ gas) or impermeable material to vapors and oxygens.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.316-323
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• 2018

This study aimed to analyze the effect of packaging gas type on the quality characteristics of dried persimmon during a 60-day storage period. The samples were stored at 10 and $-10^{\circ}C$. Experimental samples were either untreated (CON) or packed with carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), nitrogen ($N_2$), or argon (Ar) gases. In terms of the CIE $a^*$ (redness) and $b^*$ (yellowness) values, the least changes were observed in the Ar package. The color difference observed in the $N_2$ package was found to be the highest at $-10^{\circ}C$. Ar and $CO_2$ packages showed the highest and lowest water content, respectively, at $10^{\circ}C$. Sensory evaluation showed a high score for Ar packages. At $10^{\circ}C$, the score of the Ar package was the highest until day 40 and that of the $CO_2$ package was the highest from day 40 to 60. At $-10^{\circ}C$, the score of the Ar package was the highest. These results show that $N_2$- and Ar-modified packaging is the most desirable, thus suggesting its application in actual market.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.601-604
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• 2008

This study as using admixture (G), high early strength agent, calcium hydroxide {a(OH)2} and fine particle cement, etc which have been newly developed for the purpose of quality improvements like the improvement of early strength of concrete that the FA was substituted by 20%, etc, reviewed the possibility of the utilization in the great quantity and the results are summarized as the followings. Slump loss by the kind of mixing material of high early strength agent and Ca(OH)$_2$ showed the smaller width of decrease than that of plain to appear the improved results and fine particle cement and G admixture showed the large slump loss. Air contents were appeared to satisfy the target air contents at all mixing materials. Regarding the compressive strength of the concrete by the kind of mixing material, G admixture was appeared to be highest all on aging 3 days, 7days and 28days at the initial strength. And fine particle cement and high early strength agent showed higher strength increase rate on aging 3days than plain but showed that the increase of strength becomes gradually dulled as aging is increased. And Ca(OH)$_2$ had almost no effect.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.37
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• pp.307-334
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• 2014

Satirical cartoon features figure characters that liken to particular figures or social phenomenon to satirize particular figures or social phenomenon. Through the words and actions of figure characters in satirical carton, fraudulentact of man in power or irrational social phenomenon is revealed. The National Intelligence Service (NIS) female agent that is the figure character of this study has been appearing in satirical cartoon for a long time and it likens to social phenomenon instead of a actual figure. The reason why the NIS female agent has been appearing as a figure character in satirical cartoon for a long time is because related social phenomenon has not ended and is still in progress. In addition, the reason why it likens to social phenomenon instead of an actual figure is based on the fact that it is not easy to identify her face that has been hidden, which makes it difficult to exaggerate the characteristic of the figure. Her hidden face is also an expression of the desire to hide that is symbolized by baseball cap and muffler. Her hidden face and the desire to hide make it easy to substitute to other related figure or social phenomenon instead of actual figure. Namely, outward appearance of the NIS female agent has a good condition for combining 'added significance' in satirical cartoon. Irrelevant to actual NIS female agent, a satirical cartoon figure of NIS female agent is being combined with various meanings when needed and it is substituted as another figure, group or social phenomenon as the actual figure disappears. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to reveal the role of figure character in satirical cartoon by symbolically analyzing the figure character that appears in satirical cartoon as 'NIS female agent'. The followings were revealed through the symbolic analysis of figure character in satirical cartoon in this study. First, satirical cartoon satirizes social phenomenon. Figure character in satirical cartoon satirizes social phenomenon in place of actual figure. Second, satirical cartoon satirizes core or embarrassing area of irrational social phenomenon created by politics. Figure character in satirical cartoon satirizes core or embarrassing area of social phenomenon by revealing it in place of actual figure. Third, satirical cartoon sends a message of warning to a responsible person of irrational social phenomenon created by politics. Figure character in satirical cartoon sends a message of warning to responsible person of irrational social phenomenon created by politics in place of actual figure. Fourth, satirical cartoon provides catharsis for enduring wound or stress received by individual due to irrational social phenomenon created by politics. Figure character in satirical cartoon provides catharsis for enduring wound or stress received by individual due to irrational social phenomenon through satirizing and ridiculing actual figure.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.568-577
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• 2018

This study was conducted to evaluate the quality characteristics. Trehalose was used to manufacture rice bread in two ways: one was to substitute trehalose for sugar by (0, 25, 50, and 75%) trehalose in each sample and the other was to analyze the temporal changes in rice bread on Day 0, on Day 2, and on Day 4. The results concerning the characteristics of specific volumes, water content, water activity, variation in weight and height, physical property test, and sensory test and measurements of the temporal changes are as follows: First, as for variation in specific volumes, rice bread containing trehalose had the content and temporal changes decrease significantly (p<0.001). Second, as for texture, a higher trehalose content led to a slightly lower level of hardness. As for the temporal changes, addition of trehalose is generally effective in decreasing hardness of rice bread. the sample containing trehalose showed an almost similar value. The control group not containing trehalose showed the significantly lowest level of cohesiveness, springiness, Chewiness. Finally, the sensory evaluations revealed that the taste, Flavor, and Sweetness was at a significantly higher level in the group with trehalose substituted for sugar than in the control group. An increase in the trehalose content led to an increase in overall eating quality.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.792-798
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• 2002

Investigations on the microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics of seasoned Galbi using various packaging methods during storage at $-1^{\circ}C$ revealed no significant differences in pH values and acidities of seasoned Galbi depending on packaging methods and storage periods. Increments of thiobarbituric acid values of seasoned Galbi with non-evacuated packaging and modified atmosphere packaging were superior to those of vacuum packaging and double-film vacuum packaging during storage. Seasoned Galbi with non-evacuated packaging showed the highest volatile basic nitrogen value, and total plate count significantly increased compared to other packaging methods after 15 days storage. Coliform bacteria showed an average count of 2.35 log CFU/g at the beginning of storage, which increased slightly from 7 to 15 days, and was maintained under 4.0 log CFU/g after 15 days storage. The sensory evaluation revealed that non-evacuated packaging scored relatively lower than other methods in color, flavor, off-odor, and overall acceptability after storage.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.294-300
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• 2001

Effect of bean water concentration and incubation time of Yukwa paste as well as packaging method on the quality of Yukwa was investigated. Quality loss in Yukwa during storage was dependent on the packaging method such as bamboo packaging at $30^{\circ}C$, nitrogen packaging at $30^{\circ}C$ and LDPE packaging at $-18^{\circ}C$. Peroxide value increased with bean water concentration, but showed no significant difference by incubation time. The hardness of Yukwa decreased with the increase of bean water concentration, incubation time, and storage time but showed no significant difference by packaging method. Sensory evaluation after storage for 3 months showed that Yukwa color was significantly influenced by packaging method and bean water concentration. The volume was also significantly influenced by bean water concentration and incubation time. Off-flavor showed significant difference by storage method. Tenderness, taste and overall desirability showed significant difference by bean water concentration. Crispness showed significant difference by storage method and bean water concentration.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2013

This study investigated the quality changes of Samgyetang during storage, resulting from various degassing methods used at the packaging stage. Three different samples were prepared, one without any treatment (CON), a second with reduced head space volume by squeezing the pouch (RHS), and a third by flushing with nitrogen gas (NGF). These were retorted at $120^{\circ}C$ for 65 min under the F-value of approx. 8.0, and stored at $25^{\circ}C$ for 9 months. The oxygen ratio in the head space and the dissolved oxygen content of NGF samples tended to be lower than those of other samples over the storage period. Compared to the CON, the acid values of NGF and RHS samples were lower than the CON from month 3 and 6 (p<0.05). During storage, volatile basic nitrogen values of NGF and RHS samples increased slowly compared to the CON. To delay quality deterioration and extend the shelf-life of Samgyetang products, the reduction of oxygen content in the head space of the retort pouch (preferably by flushing with nitrogen gas) is recommended, even though no significant differences in sensory evaluation were observed among the samples during 9 months of storage (p>0.05).

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.149-156
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• 2013

Phylogenetic relationships and DNA polymorphism among local populations of two Korean gobiidae species: Boleophthalmus pectinirostris and Scartelaos gigas were investigated based on 12S and 16S mitochondrial DNA and mitochondrial cytochrome b DNA sequences. DNA polymorphisms of B. pectinirostris between Suncheon and Gunsan populations were 100% identity from 434 bp segment of 12S rRNA gene and from 444 bp segment of mitochondrial cytochrome b genes, and 99.6% (2 bp different) identity from 484 bp segments of 16S rRNA genes. These results indicated the long period of geographic isolation between two populations of B. pectinirostris in Korea caused such high degrees of DNA polymorphisms. Based on the phylogenetic tree constructed from the two gobiid species in Korea, two genetically distinct groups of B. pectinirostris and S. gigas groups were recognized.