• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2007.12a
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• pp.245-246
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• 2007

This paper analyses calling patterns on trunk routes and presents the network shares by throughput and the changes of calling patterns. with using quantitative data Finally, This paper suggests the degree of port centralization in Far east Asian

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.10 s.116
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• pp.809-817
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• 2006

Shipping and ports have important roles as the nodes and links in maritime logistics. The environment between shipping and ports is interrelated and has been changing' together. Recently, the changes of shipping and ports are rapidly in progress and it is expected to be developed complementarily. Especially, mega carriers reduce the number of ports of calls because the size of ships is becoming bigger and bigger and the 'hub and spokes' strategy is appeared. Therefore, the position of a hub port by the region has questioned This paper aims to research the competitive ports by the region on the basis of the patterns when mega carriers call at ports. Six regions, Far East, Southeast Asia, Northwest America, Northeast America, West Europe and Mediterranean, are organized for this research. According to the volume of cargoes, the top five ports of each region are analyzed. As a result, the competitive ports by the region are Shanghai, Hong Kong, Los Angeles, New York New Jersey, Rotterdam and Gioia Tauro.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.760-762
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• 2004

순수 함수형 프로그래밍 언어 Haskell에서의 데이터 추상은 대수 데이터형과 관련 함수로 묶어진 모듈의 인터페이스만을 노출함으로써 이루어진다. 이러한 데이터 추상에 대한 제한된 용법은 프로그램 설계에 있어 유용하게 사용되는 패턴 매칭을 제약하고, 파일 단위의 추상을 요구함으로써 데이터 구조 단위의 데이터 추상을 불가능하게 한다. 본 논문은 Haskell의 제한된 데이터 추상 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 패키지 데이터형을 제안한다. 패키지 데이터형은 더 작은 단위로 데이터 추상을 가능하게 하고 패턴 매칭을 제악하지 않고 자유롭게 사용할 수 있게 한다.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.1291-1295
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• 1999

Modern functional languages provide some forms of pattern matching capability in them. However, these forms are on an ad-hoc basis and vary from languages to languages, making the user hard to understand the feature. To overcome this problem, we present a systematic approach to adding pattern matching to functional language. We extend to the core functional language with pattern matching capability and illustrate several examples of the language. We also discuss how to extend the pattern matching capability to higher-order terms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.314-315
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• 2018

본 연구는 사회연결망 분석을 활용하여 2012년부터 2016년까지 부산항을 기항하는 컨테이너 정기선 항로 패턴 분석을 통해 세계 주요항만과의 중심성을 파악하여 부산항과 연결되어 있는 항만 네트워크의 구조적인 특성을 파악하였다. 부산항 컨테이너 정기선 항로 네트워크상에 연결정도 중심성, 근접중심성, 매개중심성이 높은 항만은 싱가포르항으로 분석되었으며, 실제 연도별 부산항 주요 국가 항만별 처리 물동량 순위와 부산항 컨테이너 정기선 항로 네트워크 중심성 분석 결과 간 순위 비교는 서로 상이한 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.243-251
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• 1999

In this paper, we suggest a novel method which defines index for effectively searching MPEG video data. The traditional methods are slow because they rely on pattern matching of images between extracted shots and user's querying images. Whereas, our method uses a different approach: It transforms images of extracted PFrames into codes and uses the codes for creating index keys. To be specific, we define five features of non-context description for transparency about user's querying.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.529-538
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• 2018

The port industry is an important national industry which significantly affects Korea's imports and exports which are centered on economic structure. For instance, the Port of Busan, which handles 75% of domestic container freight volume, is expected to become increasingly critical for container liner routes. For this reason, there have been continued efforts to expand freight service to attract international freight volume. This study analyzes the structural characteristics of the port network connected to the Port of Busan by analyzing the pattern of the container liner route from 2012 to 2016 by using social network analysis. According to the Port of Busan's liner route network, the port with the highest degree of centrality, closeness centrality, and betweenness centrality was found to be the Port of Singapore. The comparison of Busan's annual container handling rank by countries and the port center network analysis of Port of Busan rank was found to be different. As a result, it was established that China's East Port, which occupies a high percentage of the volume of cargo handled by Port of Busan, is not a hub port of Busan when viewed on the Busan's container terminal liner network. In addition, even if the number of Port of Busan container liner service increases, it is estimated that the vessels to be added to the fleet will be limited to small to medium sized, or that Busan port has characteristic of a feeder port for the Port of Singapore, according to the network.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.51-58
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to find some implications for Korean seaports in terms of operation and development of ports, in particular for attracting more transshipment container cargoes into major Korean seaports. This was accomplished by the O-D analysis between major Korean seaports and top 20 Chinese ports.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.73-96
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• 2014

Competitiveness of container ports has been traditionally evaluated by capability of individual ports to provide services to customers or their service quality. However, since container ports are connected by container shipping networks to varying degrees, the status of the ports in liner shipping service networks also determines competitiveness of the ports. Sometimes same ports may play different roles in different forms of shipping networks. Shipping network connections that formulate in container ports therefore have more significant impact on their performance than service capabilities they have. This study aims to explore how the shipping and port network has been structured and changed in the past and to examine the network characteristics of ports using Social Network Analysis(SNA). In this SNA study, nodes in the network are the ports-of-call of the liner shipping services and links in the network are connections realized by vessel movements, such that the liner shipping networks determine the port networks. This study, therefore, investigates the liner shipping networks and through its results demonstrates the network characteristics of the ports that are represented by the four centrality indices. This provides port authorities and terminal operating companies with managerial implications to enhance competitiveness from customers' perspectives.