• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2022.04a
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• pp.205-210
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• 2022

오늘날 많은 선진국들이 창업국가를 표방하고 있다. 실제로 많은 연구들은 창업 생태계의 역동성이 국가 경쟁력 향상으로 이어지고 있음을 뒷받침하고 있다. 이에 각국 정부들은 스타트업을 새로운 미래 성장 동력으로 인식하고, 능력 있는 창업가와 스타트업을 자국으로 유치하기 위해 힘쓰고 있다. 본 연구는 창업자들의 글로벌 창업이주(Startup migration)현상과 지역적 창업 생태계의 등장에 주목하여, 그들의 이주요인을 알아보고자 한다. 창업 생태계 관련 선행연구에 따르면 창업자들은 개인적 동기 혹은 가용 자원이 풍부한 환경을 찾아서 국경을 넘는다. 창업이주는 국내 스타트업의 해외 진출을 의미하는 아웃바운드(Outbound)와 해외 스타트업의 국내 창업 허브에 유치하는 인바운드(Inbound)가 있는데, 본 연구는 비교적 선행연구가 적은 인바운드 창업이주(Inbound startup migration)를 중심으로 진행하고자 한다. 본 연구는 선행연구, 선행연구 기반의 질문지 작성, 설문 조사의 단계로 구성되어 있다. 우선 글로벌 창업 생태계를 비교 분석 및 평가한 선행연구를 살펴보고, 글로벌 창업 이주에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 찾아낼 것이다. 이후 전문가 인터뷰를 통해 앞에서 발견한 요인들을 인바운드 창업이주 관점에서 재정리하고 각 요인별로 질문을 추가하여, 설문지를 구성할 것이다. 설문지 작성의 목적은 인바운드 창업이주에 영향을 미치는 요인들 간의 중요도를 알아보기 위함이다. 작성된 설문은 글로벌 창업이주 형태로 국내에 정착한 100여명의 해외국적 창업자들에게 진행될 것이다. 본 연구는 인바운드 창업이주의 핵심 요인들을 찾아내어 이론화하고 이를 실증할 설문도구를 만들어서, 이를 우리나라 인바운드 스타트업들을 대상으로 검증하여 각각의 상대적 중요도를 찾아내었다는 데 그 의의가 있다. 본 연구에서 찾아낸 영향, 요인, 프레임워크는 세계 각국의 창업생태계를 비교하는 후속 연구에 활용될 수 있을 것이고 실증된 결과는 정책 입안에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.53-68
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• 2016

Motivation and activities for technological learning, entrepreneurship, innovation, and creativity are driving forces of economic development in Asian countries. In the early stages of technological development, technological learning and entrepreneurship are efficient ways in which to catch up with advanced countries because firms can accumulate skills and knowledge quickly at relatively low risk. In the later stages of technological development, however, innovation and creativity become more important. This study aims to identify a) the factors (learning capabilities) that influence technological learning performance and b) barriers to enhancing innovation capabilities for the creative economy and organizations. The major part of this study is related to learning capabilities in the post-catch-up era. Based on a literature review and observations from Korean experiences, this study proposes a technological learning model composed of various influencing factors on technological learning. Three hypotheses are derived, and data are collected from Korean machine tool manufacturers. Intense interviews with CEOs and R&D directors are conducted using structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis, such as correlation and ANOVA are then carried out. Furthermore, this study addresses how to enhance innovation capabilities to move forward. Innovation enablers and barriers are identified by case studies and policy analysis. The results of the empirical study identify several levels of firms' learning capabilities and activities such as a) stock of technology, b) potential of technical labor, c) explicit technological efforts, d) readiness to learn, e) top management support, f) a formal technological learning system, g) high learning motivation, h) appropriate technology choice, and i) specific goal setting. These learning capabilities determine firms' learning performance, especially in the early stages of development. Furthermore, it is found that the critical factors for successful technological learning vary along the stages of technology development. Throughout the statistical and policy analyses, this study confirms that technological learning can be understood as an intrinsic principle of the technology development process. Firms perform proactive and creative learning in the late stages, while reactive and imitative learning prevails in the early stages. In addition, this study identifies the driving forces or facilitating factors enhancing innovation performance in the post catch-up era. The results of the preliminary case studies and policy analysis show some facilitating factors such as a) the strategic intent of the CEO and corporate culture, b) leadership and change agents, c) design principles and routines, d) ecosystem and collaboration with partners, and e) intensive R&D investment.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.41-54
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• 2018

In recent years, as interest in youth startup has increased, the Korean government has established various policies to support young entrepreneurs and actively implements such policies. Especially, as a way to promote youth startup, the development of startup clubs in universities is being suggested, and the importance of startup clubs is growing day by day. As reflected in these points, the Korean government is increasing its budget every year to support the startup clubs of universities, and actively supports the funds and space required for the startup clubs of universities. Unfortunately, however, despite the growing importance of startup clubs and the active support of the government for the startup clubs, academic attempts to see how effectively the startup clubs are operating are not enough. For this reason, this study analyzes the effect of entrepreneurship of university start-up club members on the effectiveness of start-up club. More specifically, in this study, entrepreneurship of club members is classified as risk-taking propensity, proactiveness, and innovativeness, as emphasized in previous researches. We empirically analyzed the effects of these independent variables on the effectiveness of the start-up clubs, focusing on the moderating effect of club members' diversity. We conducted empirical analyses on 1112 start-up club members from 12 universities located in Jeollanam-do and Jeollabuk-do, and the analysis results are as follows. First, the entrepreneurship of the start-up club members, namely risk taking propensity, proactiveness and innovativeness, all have a positive effect on the effectiveness of the start-up club. These results are consistent with the emphasis of many previous studies. The higher the tendency to take risks, the more inclined to move forward through difficulties, and the higher the tendency to break out of the existing framework and pursue new things, suggesting that the effectiveness of the club is enhanced. Second, as a result of verifying the moderating effect of the club members' diversity, it was found that club members' diversity moderates the relationship between the proactiveness of club members and club effectiveness in the negative (-) direction. In other words, the positive effect of the entrepreneurship of club members on the effectiveness of the start-up club means that the proactiveness is weakened in the case of a club having members from different major backgrounds. The results of this study are expected to provide meaningful theoretical and practical implications by identifying the influencing factors of the start-up club's effectiveness, which has not received much attention so far.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.111-121
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• 2017

Management condition of small business is very poor owing to entry barriers and excessive competition. Of course, it is believed that differences in competitiveness and result arise from characteristics of a businessman. Therefore, this study intends to grasp relationships between businessman's characteristics and management result of small business and to investigate moderating effects of trust in social capital on the management result. Through this, it mainly aims to draw implications to secure self-regenerating power of small business which faces various difficulties now. Research result is as follows: First, it was found that management result was influenced by the order of achievement need, risk-taking propensity and intuition among businessmen's characteristics. It seems to well reflect businessman's characteristics of the tendency to rely on his own intuition through confidence and an optimistic view. Second, there were moderating effects on confidence between achievement need and management result. Third, as implications to secure self-regenerating power of small business based on above contents, this study asserted to prepare various political measures in order to encourage achievement need of small business and then, to raise survival rates of small businessmen who face serious social problems today.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1117-1145
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• 2013

Research on entrepreneurial giftedness is in its initial stage and the importance is increasing these days. The purpose of this article is to establish a foundation of entrepreneurial giftedness research by conceptualizing the concept and characteristics of entrepreneurial giftedness. The author reviewed prior research on entrepreneur and entrepreneurship, potential entrepreneur, gifted youth in invention, and entrepreneurial gifted youth, and proposed a new perspective on entrepreneurial gifted youth based on the findings from the review. Entrepreneurial giftedness proposed in this study is someone who is risk-taking to achieve opportunities and innovation and who has potential to be competent in managing resources. The author also proposed that entrepreneurial giftedness study needs to focus on developmental characteristics, management ability, and practical intelligence. Finally, based on the findings from previous research on entrepreneurial giftedness, environmental and personality characteristics, temperament and character, cognitive traits, and vocational interest of entrepreneurial giftedness are discussed. Implications and further research directions were discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.197-207
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of controlling consulting service quality in relation to the factors of success and performances of the social enterprises. In order to achieve the objective of this study, securement of market competitiveness, entrepreneurship and network activity was defined to be the factors of success and the research model and hypothesis was set according to the theoretical basis of the factors of success, performances and the quality of consulting services. The results showed that first, securement of market competitiveness, entrepreneurship and network activities as factors of success all had significant effects on performances pertaining to both profit-making and public interest, having great influence on the securement of market competitiveness of the social enterprises. Secondly, as a result of analyzing the effects of controlling the quality of consulting services in relation to the relationship between the factors of success and management performances of the social enterprises, network activity showed to have significant effect on performances pertaining to both profit-making and public interest. Through this study, the importance and the necessity of the improvement of consulting services and network activities of social enterprises were highlighted and the necessity of a new consulting principle in the consulting industry that can be specialized to social enterprises is proposed.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2023

This study examines the entrepreneurial experiences of unmarried mothers living in a community who have succeeded in starting a business. Attention was given to the maternal and labor rights of five single mothers in a community who gave birth, raised children, and engaged in vocational activities. Data were collected through one-on-one in-depth discussions with the participants and analyzed using Colaizzi's descriptive-phenomenological method. The data analysis revealed 53 themes and 10 clusters of themes. Based on these results, items such as overcoming pregnancy conflict, reasons for starting a business, and successful entrepreneurial experience were identified and described. The key themes of this study include "Pressure to live", "Hold oneself responsible for an unblessed life", "Stigma and deprivation of opportunity", "Maintaining basic life amid anxiety", "Starting from ground zero", "Work and parenting tug-of-war", "Let's rely on my ability rather than external support", "Securing credit capital", "Philosophy for shared growth" and "Infinite possibilities at the edge of a cliff". In the attempt to start a business using positive psychological capital for the well-being of themselves and their children's, the mothers uncovered social capital, which led to mutual growth. Based on the research results, the ethics and resilience of shared growth were discussed.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.201-219
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• 2023

ESG (Environment, Social, Governance) is becoming the core of the interest of today's entrepreneurs concerning about the earth crisis. Numerous studies are going on these days about the importance of ESG, but most of them seem confined to the introductory level. This study concentrates on "ESG education" that will teach the learners how to put various ESG ideas into practice, knowing that the earth crisis would not be overcome without actual practice of those ideas. First, elementary and junior·senior high school, professors in university and educational consultants in the field designed educational programs and related content materials under "ESG entrepreneurship education" integrated with ESG and Entrepreneurship education, which have been implemented previously. Participatory learning methods are converged with the program. The researcher analyzed the learning effects in depth after implementing the programs in the education field. Thus, this study first examined the effects of key variables of ESG educational program i.e., ESG entrepreneurship education, student participatory learning, and team-based learning on creative problem-solving and social value recognition with an essential variant of ESG educational programs and identified the relations to creative problem-solving and social value recognition. Besides, this study investigated the moderating effects of school atmosphere, and teachers' enthusiasm, regarding traits of educational programs and social value recognition. Findings indicate that sub variants of the traits of educational programs i.e., ESG entrepreneurship education, student participatory learning, and team-based learning significantly affect creative problem-solving skills and social value recognition and that creative problem-solving impacts social value recognition. In addition, teachers' enthusiasm has moderating effects between traits of educational programs and social value recognition. This study provides content-program learning methods that can be practically applied in education, emphasizing practice in ESG in elementary and junior·senior high school education. Implications suggest that ESG entrepreneurship education and active participatory learning affect social value recognition and that teachers' enthusiasm plays a significant role in education.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.3-30
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• 2012

In the development process, small and medium-sized enterprises in China have shown their unique features and regularities which are closely related to China's national condition and economic characteristics. But in 2008, because of the global financial crisis which started in the USA, the rate of Chinese export and the rate of economic growth has evidently slowed. Due to shortage of funds, foreign orders fell, increase the value of RMB, lack of talented factors, Chinese SMEs are facing bankruptcy. In this context, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of domestic and international market environment, the government assistance for entering overseas market, entrepreneur characteristics, etc. on the global performance. Based on these, a research model and some hypotheses were set up and tested by the multiple regression analysis with total 317 effective survey data. The results of this paper are as follows. First, a positive effect relation on the financial performance was shown for the companies with high domestic and international market environment in the aspect of market environment. According to such analysis result, it was found that the market environment in which SMEs belong to is a very important factor. Second, in the aspect of government export assistance related to overseas, market development showed a positive effect relation on the both financial and non-financial performance. However, the direct financial assistance showed a positive effect relation only on the non-financial performance. Overall, it was found that the government assistance program on entering overseas market is having significant effects on SMEs, but direct financial assistance have not achieved the desired results. Third, the innovative-ness and progressiveness of entrepreneur showed a positive effect relation on the global market performance. However, the risk-taking of entrepreneur only showed a negative effect relation on the non-financial performance. Overall, it was found that the entrepreneurship of SMEs is an important and influential factor. This is a result implying that the propensity of taking too much risk is not desirable based on the uncertainty of the global environment market. To sum up, this study confirmed that the market environment, the government assistance and entrepreneur characteristics, which are the major prerequisites of global performance, have effects on global performance.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.17-34
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• 2017

This study examines the role of family involvement and national culture in entrepreneurs' choice of mode of entry into entrepreneurship. Mode of entry consists of two choices: starting a new venture or taking over an existing firm. Specifically, we investigate how cultural values moderate the relationship between family involvement and their choice of business takeover. Using a cross-national sample of 3,831 respondents from 33 countries in Flash Eurobarometer data, we develop key variables and test our hypotheses employing hierarchical linear modelling. Our results show that the relationship between family involvement of entrepreneurs and their choice of business takeover is moderated by individualism, short term orientation, and power distance. This research contributes to understanding comparative international entrepreneurship based on national culture. Implications for policy makers and educators are discussed.