• Title/Summary/Keyword: 기술적

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Fruit Quality Characteristics of 'Fuji' Apple Fruits in Response to Air Storage after CA Storage (Controlled Atmosphere (CA) 환경설정 해제 후 저온저장이 '후지' 과실의 품질에 미치는 영향)

  • Kweon, Hun-Joong;Choi, Dong Geun;Lee, Jinwook;Kang, In-Kyu
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.178-183
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    • 2014
  • This study aimed to evaluate the fruit quality characteristics and incidence of flesh browning in response to air storage at $0{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ a fter controlled atmosphere s torage (CA condition: $O_2$ $2.5{\pm}0.5$%, $CO_2$ $1.5{\pm}0.5$%) at $0{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ in 'Fuji' apples (Malus domestica Borkh.). The storage system was performed as followed: air storage for one month, CA storage 4 months + air storage 3 months ( CA 4M + A ir 3M), CA storage 5 m onths + air storage 2 months ( CA 5M + Air 2M) a nd C A storage 6 m onths + air storage 1months (CA 6M + Air 1M), while the control fruits were stored at CA storage for 8 months right after harvest. The incidence of flesh browning ranged from 17.1% to 30.2% during CA storage but not detected under the treatments of CA 4M + Air 3M and CA 5M + Air 2M. The respiration rate was not affected by storage treatments for 6M while the respiration rate was lower in the treatments of CA 4M + Air 3M and CA 5M + Air 2M than the other storage treatments after 7 months. Ethylene production and internal ethylene concentration were lowest in rapid CA storage and increased with a decreasing CA storage duration. Therefore, the results indicate that CA 5M + Air 2M storage treatment should be recommended to maintain the fruit quality and reduce the risk development of flesh browning rather than typical CA storage in 'Fuji' apples.

Summer Hydrographic Features of the East Sea Analyzed by the Optimum Multiparameter Method (OMP 방법으로 분석한 하계 동해의 수계 특성)

  • Kim, Il-Nam;Lee, Tong-Sup
    • Ocean and Polar Research
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.581-594
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    • 2004
  • CREAHS II carried out an intensive hydrographic survey covering almost entire East Sea in 1999. Hydrographic data from total 203 stations were released to public on the internee. This paper summarized the results of water mass analysis by OHP (Optimum Multiparameter) method that utilizes temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity, silicate, nitrate, phosphate and location data as an input data-matrix. A total of eight source water types are identified in the East Sea: four in surface waters(North Korea Surface Water, Tatar Surface Cold Water, East Korean Coastal Water, Modified Tsushima Surface Water), two intermediate water types (Tsushima Middle Water, Liman Cold Water), two deep water types (East Sea Intermediate Water, East Sea Proper Water). Of these NKSW, MTSW and TSCW are the newly reported as the source water type. Distribution of each water types reveals several few interesting hydrographic features. A few noteworthy are summarized as follows: The Tsushima Warm Current enter the East Sea as three branches; East Korea Coastal Water propagates north along the coast around $38^{\circ}N$ then turns to northeastward to $42^{\circ}N$ and moves eastward. Cold waters of northern origin move southward along the coast at the subsurface, which existence the existence of a circulation cell at the intermediate depth of the East Sea. The estimated volume of each water types inferred from the OMP results show that the deep waters (ESIW + ESPW) fill up ca. 90% of the East Sea basins. Consequently the formation and circulation of deep waters are the key factors controlling environmental condition of the East Sea.

Distribution and Pollution Assessment of Trace Metals in Core Sediments from the Artificial Lake Shihwa, Korea (시화호 코어 퇴적물 내 미량금속 분포 특성 및 오염 평가)

  • Ra, Kongtae;Kim, Eun-Soo;Kim, Joung-Keun;Kim, Kyung-Tae;Lee, Jung-Moo;Kim, Eu-Yeol
    • Ocean and Polar Research
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.69-83
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    • 2013
  • Metal concentrations in creek water, sewer outlets and core sediments were analyzed to identify the potential origin of metal pollution and to evaluate the extent of metal pollution and potential toxicity of Lake Shihwa. Mean concentrations for dissolved metals in creek water and sewer outlets were 1.6~136 times higher than those in the surface seawater of Lake Shihwa. Metal concentrations in creek water from an industrial region were also higher than those from municipal and agricultural regions, indicating that the potential source of metal pollution in the study area might be mainly due to industrial activities. The vertical profiles of metals in core sediments showed an increasing trend toward the upper sediments. Extremely higher concentrations of metals were observed in the vicinity of Banweol industrial complex. The results of a geo-accumulation index indicated that Cu, Zn and Cd were highly polluted. By comparing the sediment quality guidelines such as TEL and PEL, six metals such as Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb levels in core sediments nearby industrial complex exceeded the PEL value. Mean PEL quotient (mPELQ) was used to integrate the estimate of potential toxicity for measured metals in the present study. Mean PELQs in core sediments from Lake Shihwa ranged from 0.2~2.3, indicating that benthic organisms nearby the industrial complex may have been adversely affected.

Characteristics of Melting Slag Using Sewage Sludge by Inorganic Additives (무기성 폐기물 첨가제 혼합에 따른 하수슬러지의 용융특성)

  • Bae, Jung-Suk;Lee, Sang-Won;Cha, Jae-Hwan;Kim, Hyo-Su;Kim, Chang-Won
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.30 no.11
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    • pp.1116-1122
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    • 2008
  • The existing technology which is for recycling aggregate using dried swage sludge have been limited for practical application, because the properties of aggregate are not regular and don't meet the recycling aggregate standard. In this research, an innovative slag-producing technology is developed by addition of oyster shell, waste cast-sand and iron-rust as inorganic waste additives. The mixed slag with the additives was evaluated at the various ratio of CaO/SiO$_2$, SiO$_2$/Al$_2$O$_3$ and Fe$_2$O$_3$/SiO$_2$. When the waste sludge was melted at 1,400$^{\circ}C$ during 20 minutes, the optimal ratio of CaO/SiO$_2$ for the slag added the oyster shell, SiO$_2$/Al$_2$O$_3$ for added the waste cast-sand and Fe$_2$O$_3$/SiO$_2$ for added the iron-rust were 1.00, 3.00 and 0.60, respectively. At the optimal condition, the bulk density of the slag was 2.24 g/cm$^3$, 2.45 g/cm$^3$ and 2.73 g/cm$^3$, And the 24 h water adsorption was 4.72%, 1.44% and 0.37%, respectively. Therefore it is proved that adding the waste additives to the process of the slag production contributed for elevation of recycling aggregate properties. And also it is expected that production cost can be reduced by decreased melting temperature.

Effects of Dietary Panax Ginseng, Dioscorea Japonica and Oriental Medicine Refuse on Productivity of Korean Native Chicken (인삼, 산약, 한약부산물의 급여가 재래닭의 생산성에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, B.K.;Hwang, I.E.;Kang, S.S.;Shin, S.H.;Woo, S.C.;Kim, Y.J.;Hwang, Y.H.
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.44 no.3
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    • pp.297-304
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    • 2002
  • This study was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary Panax Ginseng Refuse(PGR), Dioscorea Japonica Refuse(DJR) and Oriental Medicine Refuse(OMR) on performance(feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion, mortality) of Korean Native Chicken(KNC). KNC were randomly assigned to one of the 4 dietary treatment : 1) control(commercial feed), 2) PGR(commercial feed supplemented with 5% panax ginseng leaves) 3) DJR(commercial feed with 5% dioscorea japonica hulls and 4) OMR (commercial feed with 5% oriental medicine refuse). 160 KNC were fed one of the above experimental diet for 12 weeks and slaughtered at 20 weeks of age. Daily DM intake of control, PGR, DJR and OMR diet were 125.79g, 122.26g, 122.30g and 123.72g, respectively, with no significantly difference(p$>$0.05). The DM utilizability of control and DJR(62.89% and 61.20%) diets were higher(p$<$0.05) than those of PGR and OMR(55.44% and 59.76%)(p$<$0.05). 16 weeks weight of bird fed control, PGR, DJR and OMR diets were 1,436.6g, 1,427.2g, 1,546g and 1,422.0g respectively with DJR being the highest than other treatments(p$<$0.05). Total feed intake of control, PGR, DJR and OMR diets were 6,087g, 5,947g, 5,816g and 5,852g, respectively where control was higher than other treatments. The feed conversion of PGR, DJR and OMR were higher than the control. Chicken housed mortality of control, PGR, DJR and OMR were respectively 24, 15, 13 and 20 birds with rather lower mortality in the supplented groups(p$<$0.05). The body weight, carcass weight and carcass yield were not different among the treatments. But abdominal fat of chicken in control and OMR groups were higher than that of DJR and PGR groups.

Effects of the Seed Root Weight and the Local Varieties on the Yield and Quality of Cnidium officinale Makino root (천궁(川芎)(Cnidium officinale Makino)의 산지별(産地別) 재배종(裁培種)과 종근중(種根重)이 수량(收量) 및 품질(品質)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Chang, Sang Moon;Choi, Jyung;Jyung, Sang Hwan;Shu, Dong Hwan
    • Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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    • v.6
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    • pp.87-91
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    • 1988
  • We studied the effects of the seed root weight and the local varieties on the yield and the quality of Cnidium officinale Makino root. The fresh and dried root weight per plant was found to be 92.7 g and 18.5 g in the large seed root(20-25 g), while 94.5 g and 17.0 g in the small seed root(15-20 g), respectively. The fresh and dried roots were produced 906.8kg/10a and 190.2kg/10a in the large seed root, but 721.2kg/10a and 165.2kg/10a in the small seed root, respectively. The root weight per plant, root yield per 10a and diethyl ether extract contents in root of Ul-Reung cultivar were higher than those of the other varieties. The root weight per plant and root yield per 10a were positively correlated with the contents of diethyl ether extracts in the large seed root, and with the ash contents of root in the small seed root. It is recommended for the high quality root production of cnidium officinale Makino to select and cultivate the large seed root(20-25 g) of Ul-Reung cultivar.

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Genetic Analysis for Traits at Birth and Weaning in Mice (Mouse의 생시(生時) 및 이유시(離乳時) 형질(形質)에 대(對)한 유전분석(遺傳分析))

  • Choi, Kwang Soo;Park, Hang Kyun;Hyun, Byung Hwa
    • Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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    • v.3
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    • pp.158-165
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    • 1985
  • The study was conducted to obtain some genetic information for breeding of mice. Average performance, heterosis and genetic variance were estimated with 362 progenies from a full diallel cross of four lines of mice (BALB/c, CBA, C3H and C57BL). The progenies were reared at the Experimental Animal Farm. College of Agriculture, Kyungpook National University from November, 1984 to February, 1985. Data for litter size. sex ratio, body weight and weaning rate were analyzed into heterosis effects, and genetic variance with Hayman's model. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. Average performance was 7.54 in litter size, 53.20 % in sex ratio, 1.55 g in birth weight, 10.45 g in weaning weight and 94.13 % in weaning rate. 2. The estimated heterois was 6.97% in litter size, 7.26 % in sex ratio, 6.08% in birth weight, 3.54% in weaning weight and 2.05% in weaning rate, respectively. 3. Additive gene effects were not observed in litter size, sex ratio, birth weight, weaning weight and weaning rate. In litter size and weaning weight, dominance effects were observed, which were shown due to individual crosses in litter size and were shown mean dominance effects of parental line in weaning weight. Mat-Maternal effects appeared in birth weight and weaning weight, and reciprocal effects were observed in weaning weight.

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Effects of Prostaglandin $F_{2{\alpha}}$ on the Concentrations of Ovarian and Pituitary Hormones in Korean Native Goats (한국재래산양(韓國在來山羊)에 있어서 Prostaglandin $F_{2{\alpha}}$의 투여(投與)가 난소(卵巢) 및 뇌하수체(腦下垂體) Hormone의 함량(含量)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Kwon, Chun Su;Byun, Myung Dae;Jang, In Ho
    • Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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    • v.6
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    • pp.181-186
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    • 1988
  • This experiment was conducted to examine the $PGF{2{\alpha}}$-induced changes in concentrations of ovarian and pituitary hormones of Korean native goats. Each goats received two injections of $PGF{2{\alpha}}$ (5mg each ; 3 hours apart) on day 10 of the estrous cycle. Jugular venous blood samples were collected at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours postinjection for quantification of LH, FSH, prolactin, progesterone and estradiol-$17{\beta}$. The results were summarized as follows ; The blood serum concentration of progesterone was decreased from pretreatment level of $4.15{\pm}1.8ng/ml$ to $2.52{\pm}1.2ng/ml$ (about 60%) within 3 hours and to $0.81{\pm}0.3ng/ml$ at 12 hours of the $PGF{2{\alpha}}$ injection. After 12 hours, the concentrations of progesterone were less than 1.02ng/ml by 72 hours postinjection. The concentrations of estradiol-$17{\beta}$ following treatment increased (p < 0.05) over the 72 hours. Initial concentration of LH was $3.0{\pm}0.3{\mu}IU/ml$. After treatment with $PGF{2{\alpha}}$, concentrations of LH increased within 12 hours but declined 12 and 72 hours from $4.1{\mu}IU/ml$ to $2.5{\mu}IU/ml$. Prior to administration of $PGF{2{\alpha}}$, mean concentration of FSH was $3.5{\pm}0.5{\mu}IU/ml$. Concentrations of FSH declined over time in goats treated with $PGF{2{\alpha}}$ on day 10 postestrus. The mean prolactin concentrations in the blood serum after $PGF{2{\alpha}}$ treatment were not significantly different from those of the pretreatment. It is concluded that the initial increase in LH is dependent on a decrease in serum progesterone and differences in patterns of secretion of gonadotropins might be caused by differences in progesterone or progesterone-estradiol ratio when luteal regression is induced on day 10 of the estrous cycle.

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A Study on the Consumptive use of Irrigated Water in Paddy Rice (벼의 품종별(品種別) 필요수량(必要水量) 관(關)한 실험분석(實驗分析))

  • Suh, Seung Duk;Choi, Won Chil
    • Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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    • v.3
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    • pp.36-43
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    • 1985
  • This study was conducted to find out the consumptive use of irrigated water for calculation of a duty of water in paddy rice. Tall statured Japonica rice variety is Jinju(late). Short statured Tongil varities-Taebaek(early) and Pungsan(medium) were planted on the experimental farm of kyungpook National University in 1983. The results obtained in this study were as follows : 1. The average temperature of the underwater surface was $27.1^{\circ}C$ and the maximum was recorded at beginning of the August. 2. The evapotranspiration was gradually increased after transplanting and showed the peak from booting to heading stage of rice varieties. The average evapotranspiration through the whole growing period was 8. 43mm/day(Jinju) for tall statured Japonica variety, and 7.78mm/day(Taebaek), 7.71mm/day(Pungsan) for short statured Tongil varieties. 3. The ratio of evapotranspiration to pan-evaporation through the whole growing period was 1.71 for Japonica variety and 1.55 for Tongil varieties. 4. K-value in Blaney & Criddle formula was 1.41 for Japonica variety and 1.30 for Tongil varieties. Coefficient consumptive use of water (Kc-value) was 1.40 for Japonica variety and 1.27 for Tongil varieties. 5. It appeared that the water consumption in the 6, 8 cm pot is more than that of 2, 4 cm pot but the number of panicle of the 6, 8 cm pot is somewhat less than that of 2, 4 cm pot. The deeper water level is the less tiller became. It is consindered that 2 cm pot is more profitable than the others.

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Study on the estimation of environmental effects on milk yield in Holstein (Holstein종(種)의 유량(乳量)에 영향(影響)을 미치는 환경효과(環境效果) 추정(推定)에 관한 연구(硏究))

  • Yun, Doo Hag;Choi, Kwang Soo
    • Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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    • v.9
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    • pp.37-49
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    • 1991
  • This study was conducted to estimate the effects of year, age of dam at calving, farm and lactation period on milk yield with the data of 4,008 cows' records which were collected at 32 farms by Korea Animal Improvement Association from 1985 to 1989. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows: 1. The average performance of the dairy cattle in the study were $5,959.23{\pm}2,113.03kg$ in actual milk yield, $49.19{\pm}22.77$ months in age of dam at calving, $27.11{\pm}5.13$ months in age at first calving and $255.11{\pm}79.68$ days in lactation period. 2. The percentages of variance component for different sources were 29.39% for the residuals, 1.91% for years, 4.86% for age at calving, 8.89% for farms and 54.94% for lactation period. 3. The overall mean of least-square estimate on the milk yield was 6,229.31kg. In the effects of year, the least-square means of milk yield were estimated 6,000.76kg in 1985-1987, 6,028.11kg in 1988 and 6,659.07kg in 1989. 4. The least-square means of calving age on the milk yield were estimated 5,456.01kg in less than 24 months, 6,565.48kg in 61-66 months which were the highest least-square means. This effects were gradually increased until the 61-66months and gradually decreased after the 61-66months, with highly significant differences among different months of age at calving(p<0.01). 5. In the effects of farm, the least-square means of milk yield were estimated 4,959.50 kg in the lowest farm and 7,497.07kg in the highest farm. Among the milk yield of each farm the effects showed highly significant difference(p<0.01). 6. The least-square means of milk yield in the effects of lactation period were gradually increased with the lapse of the lactation period. Among the lactation period the effects showed highly significant difference(p<0.01).

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