• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.215-219
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• 2013

The descending control system is composed of a group of structures in the midbrain, medulla oblongata and pons that form a network of descending inhibitory projections. In the clinical setting, it has been shown that the application of a electrical counterirritant to these structures and diminishes the pain in patients. Thus, depression and anxiety have been shown to predict the development of chronic neuropathic pain state. These factors could influence pain might also involve descending controls. Interestingly, reduced descending controls are seen in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and theses patients had greater anxiety, depression compared to controls. And, the influence of anxiety on the chronicity of pain and on the descending control pathways should be tested in animal models, using modern techniques. Given this Knowledge, it is no wonder that pain is a highly personal experience that is susceptible to a variety of biologic, pharmacologic, and environmental influences.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.114-128
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• 2013

Rapid industrialization and economic growth have led to serious problems including reduced open space, environmental degradation, traffic congestion, and urban sprawl. These problems have been exacerbated by the absence of effective conservation and governance, and have resulted in various social conflicts. In response to these challenges, many scholar and government hope to achieve sustainable development through the establishment and management of environment-friendly planning. For this purpose, we would like to analyze functional change for ecosystem by future land-use/cover changes in South Korea. Toward this goal, we predicted land-use/cover changes from 2010 to 2060 using the future population of Statistics Korea and urban growth probability map created by logistic regression analysis and analyzed ecosystem service value using costanza's coefficient. In the case of scenario 1, ecosystem service value represented 6,783~7,092 million USD. In the case of scenario 2, ecosystem represented 6,775~7,089 million USD, 2.9~7.6 million USD decreased compared by scenario 1. This was the result of area reduction for farmland and wetland which have high environmental value relatively according to urban growth by development point of view. The results of this analysis indicate that environmentally sustainable systems and urban development must be applied to achieve sustainable development and environmental protection. Quantitative analysis of environmental values in accordance with environmental policy can help inform the decisions of policy makers and urban developers. Furthermore, forecasting urban growth based on future demand will provide more precise predictive analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.52-60
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• 2002

According as many people use a computer newly, damage of computer virus and hacking is rapidly increasing by the crucial users. A computer virus is one of program in computer and has abilities of self reproduction and destruction like a virus of biology. And hacking is to rob a person's data in a intruded computer and to delete data in a Person s computer from the outside. To block hacking that is intrusion of a person's computer and the computer virus that destroys data, a study for intrusion detection of system and virus detection using a biological immune system is in progress. In this paper, we make a model of positive and negative selection for self recognition which have a similar function like T-cytotoxic cell that plays an important role in biological immune system. We embody a self-nonself distinction algorithm in computer, which is an important part when we detect an infected data by computer virus and a modified data by intrusion from the outside. And we showed the validity and effectiveness of the proposed self recognition algorithm by computer simulation about various infected data obtained from the cell change and string change in the self file.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.529-534
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• 2008

The reactive oxygen species generated by ultraviolet rays causes various types of cutaneous damage, such as lipid peroxidation and denaturation of the extra-cellular matrix. The accumulation of such damage contributes to skin aging, especially the formation of wrinkles. This study was carried out to develop functional cosmatic by using Oriental herb supercritical extracts (OHSE) for prevention of skin. Effects of OHSE on anti-oxidation, collagenase inhibition and collagen synthesis in normal human fibroblast were investigated. OHSE showed antioxidative activity as high as vitamin C, trolox and DL-penicillamine. Also OHSE showed promotive effect on collagen synthesis and inhibitory effect on collagenase activity. From this results, we conclude that OHSE may have the potential to be conveniently used as an additive in cosmetics for prevention and improvement of skin aging.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.55
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• pp.5-38
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• 2020

This study focuses on the emergence of "hobby-preneurs" and the ways in which they are transforming the virtuous cycle of arts and cultural ecology. The hobby-preneur pursues and expands his or her favorite hobby into a professional job and/or arts business. Hobby-preneurs are the new driving force in the arts and cultural industry. Their activities enhance the arts as a public good even as they build valuable social capital for arts organizations and have a profound impact on supply and demand in the arts and cultural marketplace. Thus we found that by injecting and potentiating certain values that professional artists cannot directly deliver to arts consumers, hobby-preneurs function as major intermediaries in the virtuous cycle of arts and cultural ecology. To understand more about these emergent actors we examine their personal, social, and economic values and how these values guide their arts-related activities and thereby impact the ecology of the arts and cultural sector. In this study we use a phenomenological approach to investigate five hobby-preneurs and the particular ways their acquisition of professionalism is transforming the arts education node of the virtuous cycle in the creative sector.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.227-237
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships with physical activity and depression and body function in elderly. Methods: Total 79 elderly(over 65years old) were participated in this study. A Korean Form of Geriatric Depression Scale(KGDS), Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE-K), Jebsen hand function test, dynamometer, five time sit-up test were used to measure the depression and cognition, body function(hand function, grasp power, lower extremity strength). Results: Physical activity participated group shows higher in the body function and lower in the depression than non participated group. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that the physical activity is helpful to indicate and manage the depression and body function in elderly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1989.11a
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• pp.86-93
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• 1989

이론적으로 진원의 저어널과 슬리브를 갖는 저어널베어링은 저어널과 슬리브가 등속으로 역회전할 경우 부하능력이 발생하지 않으므로 베어링으로서의 기능이 상실된다. 따라서, 저어널과 슬리브가 거의 등속으로 역회전하는 계에 대해서는 진원의 저어널베어링을 사용할 수 없고, 다른 종류의 베어링으로 지지하여야 할것이다. 역회전하는 저어널-베어링 계의 예로서는 터어보엔진의 인터샤프트베어링을 들 수 있다. Vance(1)는 고속 터어보엔진의 경우 공기역학적인 관점에서 가스제너레이터축과 파워터빈축이 서로 역회전하는 것이 바람직한 경우도 있는데, 이때 미끄름저어널베어링은 역회전시 부하능력의 감소로 인해 적용하기 어렵다고 하였다. 실제로 현재의 모든 인터샤프트 베어링으로서는 구름베어링이 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 저어널과 슬리브가 역회전하는 프로팅링저어널베어링의 정특성을 해석하여 프로팅링저어널베어링이 역회전 저어널-베어링계를 충분히 지지할 수 있음을 이론적으로 밝히고자 한다. 윤활이론으로서는 층류상태에 대한 등온 유한장베어링이론을 사용하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.491-495
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• 2009

최근 하천의 환경 생태적인 기능의 중요성이 부각됨에 따라 하도 내 설치되어있는 보와 같은 하천횡단구조물은 하천의 환경과 생태계를 해치는 대표적인 수공구조물로 인식되어 가고 있다. 하지만 일부의 경우에는 보상류에 특수한 정수형 생태계가 나타나 생태적 가치를 증가시키는 경우도 있고, 수변공간 조성에 따른 친수성 증대의 효과도 있다. 따라서 보가 하천 상 하류 생태계에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 평가하고 분석할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 행정중심복합도시 예정지역내에 위치한 제천유역 하류부에 보와 같은 하천횡단구조물이 존재하지 않는 구간을 선정하였고, 가상적으로 대상구간 중간에 보 설정 후 높이에 변화를 주었으며, 그에 따른 보의 상 하류 구간에서 피라미의 물리서식처 변화를 2차원 물리서식처 모의 모형인 River2D를 적용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 보의 상 하류 구간에서 피라미의 물리서식처 변화를 모의하였으며, 피라미의 물리서식처를 고려한 최적의 보 높이를 산정할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.910-911
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• 2011

미래사회의 기술적 혁신을 이끌 것으로 생각되는 로봇산업에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있으며, 최근에 많은 기술 개발과 개선이 이루어지고 있다. 이러한 경향은 점차 확대될 것으로 예상되며 전기자동차와 유사한 신성장 동력으로 성장할 것이다. 그러나, 로봇의 핵심 부품인 모터와 같은 구동계는 타분야에 비하여 기술적 혁신 및 관심을 끌지 못하고 있다. 앞으로 로봇산업이 확대 성장하여 산업용 로봇에서 가정용 로봇으로 진화하고, 로봇의 기능적인 측면이 보행, 러닝, 점프 등의 고성능을 구현하기 위해서는 각종 관절을 구동하는 역할을 담당하는 모터 및 동력전달 알고리즘의 연구 개발이 더욱 활발히 이루어져야 할 것이다. 특히, 인간과 유사한 로봇을 구현하기 우하여 보다 Flat하고 가볍고 출력밀도가 높은 새로운 구동장치의 필요성이 증대될 것이다. 본 논문에서는 산업노동지원을 위한 착용식 근력증강 로봇에 적용하는 모터 개발을 목적으로 적합한 구동계 타입을 선정하고, 요구 성능을 만족하는 전동기를 전자계 해석을 통하여 설계하고, 시작품 제작 및 평가를 통하여 해석결과를 검증하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.289-289
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• 1994

흰쥐 적출 대동맥을 이용하여 혈관근의 $Na^{+}$/$Ca^{2+}$ 교환계의 기능과 성질을 구명코자 $Na^{+}$/$Ca^{2+}$ 교환계를 통한 수축 반응을 관찰하고 이때의 조직내 $Ca^{2+}$ 농도, cGMP 농도 및 이 수축에 대한 차단제와 저산소 처리의 영향을 조사하였다. 흰쥐 적출 대동맥은 $Na^{+}$ free 영양액하에서 수축반응을 일으켰고 이 수축 반응 ($Na^{+}$ free 수축반응)은 KCl 농도 증가에 비례하여 증가하였다. KCI 21.6mM 하의 $Na^{+}$ free유발 수축반응은 amiloride전처리하에서 용량-의존성으로 억제되었고 특히 tonic 수축반응이 예민하게 소실되었으며, benzamil과 verapamil 전처리하에서도 유의하게 억제되었다.