• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.149-156
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• 2022

In this paper, it was attempted to form a titanium (Ti: Titanium) thin film using the atmospheric pressure plasma process technology for the conductor, which is the main component of the optical sensor. The atmospheric plasma equipment was remodeled. A 4-inch Ti target for sputter was etched using CF4 gas, and the by-product was coated on a glass sample. These by-products were formed up to about 2 cm, and could be divided into 15 areas according to color. Surface shape and constituent elements were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), respectively. Electrical properties using 4-point probe equipment were also measured. If the process is performed by positioning the sample at about 4.5 mm to 5 mm from the target, a uniform Ti thin film will be deposited. However, it was found that the thin film contained a significant amount of fluorine, which greatly affects the electrical properties of the thin film. Therefore, additional experiments and studies should be performed to remove or minimize fluorine during deposition.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.60-66
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• 2023

As supply chain management becomes a key factor in the sustainable growth of the industry, securing minerals at the national or corporate level is becoming important. Depending on the industrial structure, the economic status of each minerals is different and the supply risk is different In this study, to examine the economic status of minerals, an index that can quantify the Industrial Economic Importance by minerals was developed and calculated by reflecting the demand structure and cost weight of each industry. As a result, Li, Al, Cu, Si, Co, Ni, etc. were evaluated as having high industrial importance in Korea. In addition, by industry, Al, Cu, Zn, and Pb for primary metal manufacturing, general machinery, assembly metals,Sn, Ba, Ti, Si and Ga for precision equipment, Si and Ga for semiconductors, and Li, Ni, Co, Si, etc. for electronic components had high industrial importance. Such as Europe and the United States, in order to select Critical-minerals, Korea will need to analyze the economic impact on the domestic industry as well as the risks of supply chain by minerals.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.151-161
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• 2024

In this paper, we develop 'the Danger Map' of a workplace to identify risk and harmful factors by analyzing images of each process within the manufacturing plant site using artificial intelligence (AI). We proposed a system that automatically derives 'the risk and safety levels' based on the frequency and intensity derived from this Danger Map in accordance with actual field conditions and applies them to similar manufacturing industries. In particular, in the traditional evaluation method of manually evaluating the risk of a workplace using Excel, the risk level for each risk and harmful factor acquired from the video is automatically calculated and evaluated to ensure safety through the system and calculate the safety level, so that the company can take appropriate actions accordingly. and measures were prepared. To automate safety calculation and evaluation, 'Heinrich's law' was used as a model, and a 5X4 point evaluation scale was calculated for risky behavior patterns. To demonstrate this system, we applied it to a casting factory and were able to save 2 people the time and labor required to calculate safety each month.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.255-260
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• 2015

There are more than 2000 minerals on earth, and it has been implemented in various fields such as environment, architecture, livestock, chemistry, pharmaceuticals. Clay minerals are considered that they can change the physical and chemical properties through the adsorption and release of metal ions. Although domestic deposit of non-metallic mineral resources is approximately ninety-six billion tons, its application is limited and has hardly been used in high value-added industries involved in medicine, medical supplies, and functional food materials. Bentonite and zeolite are already used for cosmetic purposes and also used in living goods and packing materials. However, direct application to the food industry is relatively very rare. Since records regarding the intake of minerals for foods and medicines are found in the old literatures, the utilization of non-metallic minerals as food materials appears to be highly profitable. According to the trends in patent research for food and mineral resources, the company plays a main role for the development of the food containing non-metallic minerals in USA, and the trends confirms that this industry is emerging. Here, we provided the information about domestic and foreign patent trend for food industries involved in mineral resources and the application of mineral resources in the food industries. We also covered the domestic regulation regarding usage of mineral resources in food, and proposed domestic application plan for food production using mineral resources in the future.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.371-388
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• 2004

EU is enlarging geographically by the process of expansion and is intensifying the economic bloc by the formation of European Union and European Monetary Union. This situation increases the direct investment in the intra-EU members and changes the intra-EU flows. First, EU is formed by the economic geographical space of the North and the South with a differentiation of economic factors and the degree of economic development. The North played a leading role for an augmentation of the intra-EU direct investment after the formation of EU. Second, the manufacturing industry of the intra-EU direct investment by industry was increased remarkably. In the intra-EU direct investment flow by region and industry, the South made relatively an outflow of the service industry and an inflow of the manufacturing industry. But the North made an outflow of the manufacturing industry and an inflow of the service industry. Third, in the intra-EU direct investment flows by manufacturing industry, the North concentrated in the petro-chemistry, metal-machinery and agro-food industry, however, the South which have relatively weak competitiveness compared to the North tends to show balanced investment patterns in all industries.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.143-149
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• 2020

This study tried to observe the ability to inhibit vasocontriction in phloretin - the primary ingredient of apple tree leaves and the Manchurian apricot - through ROCK(Rho-associdated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase) inactivation in rat aortae. A piece of artery that was separated from Sprague-Dawley male rats and retained or damaged the endothelium was suspended in myograph tank with two metal rings, the lower ring fixed to the bottom of the tank, and the upper ring connected to the isotonic force transducer. Interestingly, phloretin inhibited fluoride- or phorbol ester-provoked contraction implying that additional pathways dissimilar from endothelial nitric oxide synthesis such as ROCK or MEK (mitogen activated protein kinase kinase) inactivation might be involved in the vasorelaxation. Therefore, this study provides that phloretin participates in the reduction of ROCK or MEK activity in smooth muscle in addition to the endothelial-dependent action of the endotheliuim in complete blood vessels, and consequently inhibits actin-myosin interaction in smooth muscle. Furthermore, phloretin inhibited thromboxane A2-induced contraction suggesting the mechanism including inhibition of ROCK and MEK.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.02a
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• pp.133-133
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• 2012

일반적으로 TiO2는 광촉매 작용으로 표면 살균성을 가지며, 친수특성으로 인한 자가세정 능력도 가지고 있다. 또한 지구상에 많이 존재하는 광물로 원료의 가격이 저렴하다는 장점이 있어 산업 전반에 사용되고 있다. 하지만 외부의 환경적 오염으로 인한 광촉매 반응 면적의 감소에 따라 반응효율이 저하되는 단점이 있으며, SiO2는 투명한 유리와 같이 비정질상태가 안정하고 높은 굴절률을 가지며 내구성이 외부환경에 강해 무반사 코팅이나 금속박막의 보호층으로 주로 사용된다. WO3는 높은 굴절률과 가시광선 영역에서의 우수한 투과율을 가지고 있으나 conduction band에서 생성된 광캐리어들이 빠르게 재결합 하여 광분해 효율이 좋지 않기 때문에 흔히 쓰이지 않고 있다. 이러한 박막들의 단점을 보완하기 위해 물리적 구조를 변화시켜 반응 면적을 극대화하기 위해 버퍼층이나 다층박막을 사용하는 등 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 실험에서는 Slide glass에 Plasma etching 하였을때 친수성이 나타나는 특성을 이용하여 대면적 코팅과 표면 경도를 우수하게 만들 수 있는 RF Magnetron sputtering법으로 Slide glass에 Ar Gas 분위기에서 각 파워별 Plasma etching한 후 TiO2, SiO2, WO3 박막을 증착하여 광학적, 구조적 특성을 분석하였다. 광투과율 측정장치(UV-VIS Spectrophotometer)를 사용하여 투과율을 측정한 결과 모든 박막이 가시광 영역에서 80% 이상의 높은 투과율을 나타내었으며, 접촉각 측정결과 100w로 etching한 glass에 TiO2를 증착한 박막에서 가장 낮은 $3^{\circ}$ 이하의 접촉각을 나타내었다. SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) 분석을 통해 표면구조를 관찰한 결과 100w로 etching한 후 TiO2를 증착한 박막이 가장 조밀한 구조를 보였으며, AFM (Atomic Force MicroScope) 분석 결과 100w로 etching한 후 TiO2를 증착한 박막의 표면이 가장 거칠어지는 것을 볼 수 있었는데, 이는 물과 닿는 박막의 유효 표면적의 증가로 인하여 광촉매 효과가 증가하였기 때문에 친수성이 향상된 것으로 사료된다. 이러한 박막은 건물 유리벽과 자동차의 내 외장재 전자기기용 광학 필름에 자가세정, 내반사 코팅소재, 디스플레이 표시장치로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구는 중소기업청에서 지원하는 2011년도 산학연 공동기술개발 지원사업의 연구수행으로 인한 결과물임을 밝힙니다.

• Clean Technology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.439-448
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• 2014

The potential mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) is studied in the Pohang steel industrial complex (PHSIC). The total GHG emission in 2010 is estimated to be in the range from 4,174,000 to 4,574,000 $tCO_2-eq$ in PHSIC. To meet the target proposed by the government, it is needed to reduce 552,000 $tCO_2-eq$ at minium by 2020. To estimate the potential amount of GHG reduction, the technologies used in the voluntary carbon reduction projects are applied to 51 companies which are subject to GHG target management. From the viewpoint of technological availability and payback period, the fuel conversion and waste heat recovery have an advantage in the short term with a possibility to reduce 160,000 $tCO_2-eq$. In the mid term, the thermal technologies in steel and iron industry have the potential to cut 229,000 $tCO_2-eq$, while the electrical technologies have the potential of 125,000 $tCO_2-eq$ reduction. The gap between the target GHG mitigation and potential reduction using the short and mid term technologies is about 38,000 $tCO_2-eq$, which should be compensated by the fundamental process innovation and the implementation of the most cutting-edge technologies including renewable energy.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.6_2
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• pp.1643-1652
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• 2022

Deposited Marine Debris(DMD) can negatively affect marine ecosystems, fishery resources, and maritime safety and is mainly detected by sonar sensors, lifting frames, and divers. Considering the limitation of cost and time, recent efforts are being made by integrating underwater images and artificial intelligence (AI). We conducted a comparative study of You Only Look Once Version 5 (YOLOv5) and You Only Look Once Version 7 (YOLOv7) models to detect DMD from underwater images for more accurate and efficient management of DMD. For the detection of the DMD objects such as glass, metal, fish traps, tires, wood, and plastic, the two models showed a performance of over 0.85 in terms of Mean Average Precision (mAP@0.5). A more objective evaluation and an improvement of the models are expected with the construction of an extensive image database.