• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1443-1459
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• 2019

Polyglycerol fatty acid ester nonionic surfactants have been used for a long time in foods and have been suggested as an alternative to the safety problems of PEG based nonionic surfactants. The polyglycerol fatty acid ester surfactants are synthesized by combining a hydrophilic polyglycerin and a lipophilic fatty acid. The hydrophilic polyglycerin is polymerized using glycerin, glycidol, epichlorohydrin, etc. The main issues of the polyglycerol polymerization reaction are to increase the content of the polyglycerol in the form of linear rather than branched or cyclic forms and to narrow the distribution of the degree of polymerization. The method of binding a lipophilic fatty acid group to a hydrophilic polyglycerin includes chemical synthesis such as esterification reaction and enzyme synthesis using lipase enzyme. The main issues of polyglycerin fatty acid ester synthesis are to increase the yield and to control the degree of esterification while reducing side reactions.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.175-179
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• 1985

The alkali refined rice bran oil (ARBO) and the esterified rice bran oil (ERBO) with glycerol were analyzed for their physicochemical charateristics and the compositions. Specific gravity, refractive index and yellowness of ERBO was higher than ARBO but smoking point was 60-$80^{\circ}C$ higher than ERBO. The free fatty acid content was 0.05% a ARBO and 0.88-1.36% ERBO. The wax was not detected in ARBO but the soft and hard waxes were detected in ERBO. The lipids were composed of 98-99% neutral lipid, 0.2-0.5% glycolipid and 0.1-0.5% of phospholipid in all samples. The triglyceride content of neutral lipid was 96.3% ARBO and 93.0-94.1% ERBO, and its monoglyceride content was 0.11% ARBO and 0.39-0.69% ERBO. The major fatty acid composition of samples were 41-42% oleic, 36-40% linoleic and 17-18% of palmitic acid.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.792-802
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• 2002

In this study, hydrogels from mixtures of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)/glycerin/chitosan were prepared by γ-ray irradiation and the mechanical properties such as gelation, water absorptivity, and gel strength were examined to evaluate the applicability of these for wound dressing. Then PVA:PVP was weight ratio of 6 : 4, the concentration of chitosan was 0.3 wt%, the concentration of glycerin was in the range of 0∼5 wt%t. The solid concentration of PVA/PVP/glycerin/chitosan solution was 15 wt%. Gamma irradiation doses of 25, 35, 50, and 60 kGy were exposed to a mixture of PVA/PVP/glycerin/chitosan to evaluate the effect of irradiation dose. Gel content and gel strength increased as glycerin concentration in PVA/PVP/glycerin/chitosan decreased, and as irradiation dose increased. Swelling degree increased as glycerin concentration in PVA/PVP/glycerin/chitosan increased, and as irradiation dose decreased. The glycerin in PVA/PVP/glycerini/chitosan hydrogel prevented the transformation of shape. These hydrogel dressings had better curing effect than vaseline gauge.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.37-45
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• 2012

This study was carried out to examine the optimal treatment conditions of ethanol and glycerine for processing technology development of preserved flowers in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) 'Desio' commonly used for flower design. For this purpose, effects of dipping duration of ethanol solution and treatment duration and concentration of glycerine on preserved flower quality were evaluated. Ethanol treatment resulted in perfect dehydration and decoloration of petals and it was proper at 24~48 hours under high brightness and low chroma. Appropriate concentration and time of glycerine treatment was 30% at 36 hours because it resulted in Munsell value of 4.0R in Hue, 6.49 in Value, and 19.8 in Chroma (4.0R 6.49/14) representing the most approximate value to that of fresh petals. Decreasing rate in weight after desiccation tended to reduce by longer time of immersing and higher concentration. Weight after 12 hours of immersing reduced up to 86~90% according to treatment time in non-treatment group of glycerin, meanwhile, it reduced up to 51~69% under higher concentration of 40%. However, weight after 48 hours of immersing reduced up to 90% regardless of desiccation time in non-treatment group of glycerine, to the contrary, decreasing rate reduced by 46~54% through glycerine treatment of 40%. Time for desiccation required 24 hours in glycerin concentration of 10~20% except 6 hours of immersing time, however, higher concentration resulted in increased time up to 48 hours.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 1981

Cooked spaghetti soaked in 10%, 20%, and 40% aqueous glycerine solutions for ten minutes absorbed sufficient glycerine to plasticize that spaghetti during and after subsequent drying. The plasticizing action of the glycerine prevented fissuring(checking) and surface corrugation of the spaghetti at elevated drying temperature and large wet-bulb dry-bulb temperature difference. The drying temperature and the wet-bulb dry-bulb differences up to which such protection was provided as the glycerine soak concentration increased. Despite the reduction in drying rate, the drying time required to produce spaghetti with a water activity of 0.65 (the level normally required for stability) decreased as glycerine content increased. At high frying temperatures glycerine addition increased the extent of browning and shortened the period required to induce detectale browning, but in all instances browning started well after the product $a_w$ reached the 0.65 value required for the completion of drying. Because glycerine addition reduced drying times at any given set of drying conditions and permitted the use of higher drying temperatures, relatively low levels of glycerine addition (e.g. 0.15 kg glycerine/kg dry spagetti) can shorten spagnetti drying times by roughly 80% and perhaps by as much as 93%.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.180-185
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• 1985

The alkali refined rice bran oil (ARBO) and the esterified rice bran oil (ERBO) with glycerol were compared for their thermal stabilities at $150^{\circ}C$ and $180^{\circ}C$, respectively. The acid value gradually increased in ARBO during heating period but increased slowly in ERBO-2 and declined gradually in ERBO-1. The peroxide value was somewhat fluctuated during heating period, and the maximum peroxide value in all samples was 13.3 meq/kg. TBA value was sharply increased for the first 10 hr. heating and slowed down thereafter for all samples but ERBO were intensely colored after the heat treatment. The TG ratio of the oils after 90 hr. heating was not different at $150^{\circ}C$ but ERBO was 2-7% higher ratio of TG than ARBO at $180^{\circ}C$. The oxidative stability of ARBO was twice higher than ERBO according to the result of active oxygen test.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.237-242
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• 2000

에너지 회수를 위한 변형 흡수 열 펌프 연구를 메탄올-글리세린을 이용하여 수행하였다. 이 물질의 상 평형 열역학 데이터를 이용하여 변형 흡수 열 펌프의 이론적 성능계수 값을 각 기관의 조업 조건에 따라 계산하였다. 70~8$0^{\circ}C$의 공업 폐열 온도를 가지고 4$0^{\circ}C$ 온도상승 시킬 때 성능계수 50% 이상을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.400-405
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• 2007

The comparative analysis of glycerin in cosmetic samples was carried out by LC/MS and $^1H$ NMR spectrometry. For the LC/MS analysis, aqueous solution was controlled in strong basic condition with sodium hydroxide, and benzoyl chloride was added to the solution for the derivatization of glycerin. The derivative was extracted using pentane and analyzed by the LC/MS. For the $^1H$ NMR analysis, sample was directly dissolved in $D_2O$ solvent without pretreatment. The quantitative analysis of glycerin was done by $^1H$ NMR ERETIC method. The analysis results of LC/MS and $^1H$ NMR showed that the calibration curves were a good linearity with $r^2=0.9991$ in the range of 0.1 to $10{\mu}g/mL$ and $r^2=1$ in the range of 25 to $500{\mu}g/mL$, respectively.

• 베이커리
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• no.6 s.383
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• pp.145-148
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• 2000

• 월간산업보건
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• s.19
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• pp.15-16
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• 1989