• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.72-77
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• 2009

In the recycling procedure of the refrigerator, the fire frequently breaks out. In this study, to clarify the exact cause of the fire, the components and concentration of the materials produced in the process are analysed as well as the problems in the process system, and the protective measure to prevent the fire and the explosion fundamentally is proposed. In this procedure, the preventive measures of fire by removing the combustible materials such as polyurethane and inflammable gases, by removing the ignition sources and by reducing the oxygen concentration to the minimum are proposed along with the protective measures to reduce the damage in the fire. In the crushing procedure where the fire or explosion can break out in diverse ways, the forced ventilation or exhaust system applied to the small partial ventilation facility are installed to reduce the concentration of inflammable gas mixture to lower than the inflammable limit by injecting and exhausting the air forcibly.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.433-438
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• 1993

In the previous paper (Choi et al., 1992), we found that a large but transient elevation in intracellular cGMP levels occur concomitant with the myoblast fusion. To establish the physiological significance of the elevation of cGMP levels, the change in guanylate cyclase activity dudng myoblast fusion and the correlation hetween various chemicals that may affect guanylate cyclase adivity and myoblast fusion were examined. Sodium nitroprusside, a nitric oxide-forming compound, induced a precocious fusion and increased guanylate cyclase activity compared to the control. Furthermore, L-NG-monomethyl arginine, specific inhibitor of L-arginine: nitric oxide synthase, inhibited the cell fusion in a dose-dependent manner, without affecting biochemical differentiation. On the basis of our present findings, we propose that the onset of myoblast fusion is somehow correlated with the rise in cellular cGMP levels that is regulated by the activation or inhibItIon of soluble guanylate cyclase, via as yet undefined mechanism but possibly through L-arginine: nitric oxide pathway.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.357-364
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• 2004

Mineral chemistry of talc from the Dongyang talc deposits was studied to characterize the differences between dolomite-origin talc (talc I) and tremolite-origin talc (talc II). Average iron and aluminum contents are higher in talc II, 2.18 wt% FeO and 0.31 wt% $Al_2$O$_3$), than in talc I, 1.48 wt% FeO and 0.08 wt% $Al_2$O$_3$). Consistently lower Mg/(Mg+Fe+Mn) ratios and higher AI concentrations with uniform values of talc II compared to talc I seem to reflect the compositional differences of the original materials, tremolite and dolomite, respectively. Relative enrichment of Al as well as Fe in talc II compared to tremolite can be attributed to their immobile behaviors during alteration process and the rapid diffusion of hydrothermal fluids, which can accelerate instantaneous nucleation with immaturity growth of talc II. Increase in the concentrations of talc II can lower the ore grade by increasing concentrations of impure components such as AI and Fe, and by abundant presence of tremolite as well.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2001

Populus euramericana and Betula platyphylla var. japonica have been identified as possible species for use for phytoremediation of landfills. To identify the effects of waste leachate on growth and physiological characteristics in Populus euramericana and Betula platyphylla var. japonica, four different treatments were applied to seedlings for 3 months: leachate solution(100% leachate), 50% dilution(50% leachate: 50% water, v/v), 75% dilution(25% leachate: 75% water, v/v) and control(tab water) were applied to these two species. Treatment with waste leachate significantly stimulated both Populus euramericana and Betula platyphylla var. japonica height, diameter at root collar and biomass production relative to the water control. Chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis and transpiration of leachate irrigated-trees were significantly higher than those of water control. These results suggested that these two species could be suitable species for phytoremediation in landfills because these species showed good growth performance and were capable of taking up waste leachate.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.63-73
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate effects of fertilization treatments (non-fertilizing, deep-fertilizing 20g, 50g, 100g, and surface-fertilizing 20g) on survival rate, growth performances, and seedling quality index (SQI) of container seedling and bare root seedling of Pinus densiflora in the field. There were no significantly differences in survival rate among fertilization treatments in the field. Besides, there was no toxic effect on seedling by over 100g fertilization in deep-fertilizing treatment. The root collar diameter and height of P. densiflora in both seedling types were the highest at 100g fertilization in deep-fertilizing treatments, and the biomass products and SQI were the same as above growth of root collar diameter and height. In most of the treatments, container seedlings showed better growth performances than bare root seedlings. In optimal fertilization, effect of fertilization was higher in container seedling than bare root seedling.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.593-603
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• 2018

The most of groundwater with high U-concentration occur in the Jurassic granite of Gyeonggi massif and Ogcheon belt, and some of them occur in the Cretaceous granite of Ogcheon belt. On the contrary, they do not occur in the Jurassic granite of Yeongnam massif and the Cretaceou granite of Gyeongsang basin. The Jurassic and Cretacous granite, the host rock of high U-groundwater, were resulted from parental magma with high ratio of crustal material and highly differentiated product of fractional crystalization. These petrogenetic characteristics explain the geological evidence for preferential distribution of uraniferous groundwater in each host rock. It were reported recently that high U-content, low Th/U ratio and soluble mineral occurrence of uraninite in the two-mica granite of Daejeon area which have characteristics of S-type peraluminous and highly differntiated product. It is the mineralogical-geochemical evidences supporting the fact that the two-mica granite is the effective source of uranium in groundwater. The biotite granite and two-mica granite of Jurassic age were reported as biotite granite in many geological map even though two-mica granite occur locally. This fact suggest that the influence of two-mica granite can not be ignored in uraniferous groundwater hosted by biotite granite.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.56-65
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• 2021

Purposes: This study is to examine the causes of limitations of modern western science and philosophy through Ayurvedic thought, and to seek the path of holism for the development of national healing projects. Methods: Therefore, it was inferred that the background of modern Western civilization and the reality of the national healing project would share the flow. In order to examine this, the difference between the East and West's 'recognition of the body and the mind' and the 'perspective on the origin of existence' was examined, and the characteristics of the Ayurvedic five-element novel were examined. Results: Through that process, the "mind and body dualism" in the West and the absence of the "empty element( 空 Śunya)" in Western four-element novels were pointed out as the cause of the limitations. In the sense that the 'empty element' is an invisible world and an immaterial world, it was concluded that the absence of justice was a limitation of Western civilization and a problem of the reality of the national healing project. Conclusions: I hope that this study will lead to continuous research on Ayurvedic ideology and research in the field of natural healing, thus contributing to the development of national healing projects and leading to health, well-being, and self-healing of the people.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.218-218
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• 2023

일차생산은 화학합성 또는 광합성에 의하여 무기탄소가 유기물질로 전환되는 것을 의미한다. 한강은 하류로 갈수록 유속이 느리지만 수심이 깊어져 부착조류가 서식하기 쉽지 않은 환경이기에 대부분의 일차생산자는 식물플랑크톤이다. 선행연구와 비교 결과, 한강 본류의 부영양화가 여름철에 발생하고 있으며 팔당댐 방류량과 지류의 유입에 의한 유기물 증가로 하천 내 1차 생산의 기여도가 증가하고 있고, 이는 유기물 근원을 판정하여 수질오염에 대한 처리대책을 위해 지속적으로 연구가 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 한강본류에서 식물플랑크톤의 일차생산력을 조사하고, 유기물의 분해속도를 측정하여 당해 유역의 유기물 수지를 추정하여 한강 고유의 특성과 지류에서 기인할 수 있는 부영양화 기여도를 파악하여 부영양화에 의한 유기물 증가로 발생할 수 있는 수질오염을 예측하고자 한다. 조사유역은 한강의 팔당댐 방류구로부터 신곡수중보까지 전 구역 중 총 12개의 지점을 선정하였다. 기간은 2021년 5월부터 2022년 3월까지 계절별 2회로 총 8회 조사를 실시하였으며, 한강본류에서는 식물플랑크톤의 산소소비법을 통해 일차생산력과 유기물 분해속도를 조사하여 내부기원 유기물을 측정하였고, 한강본류로 유입되는 4개의 유입하천에서는 COD를 조사하여 외부기원 유기물을 측정하여 한강에서 발생하는 총유기물량을 산정하였다. 연구 결과, 하류 지점으로 갈수록 일차생산량이 점차 중가하였으며 지천이 유입되는 안양천, 탄천지점에서 유기물분해 속도가 빠르게 나타났다. 이는 수온 상승으로 인한 미생물 활성도가 높아져 식물플랑크톤의 일차생산량이 증가한 것으로 사료된다. 또한 여름 조사 전 강우에 의한 팔당댐 방류량 증가로 인해 식물플랑크톤 현존량이 다른계절에 비해 비교적 낮았지만, 호수의 부영양호 기준보다 높게 나타나 부영양한 수체로 판단하였다.

• Sim-seong Yeon-gu
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.92-128
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• 2024

This study examines Gijesa, a Korean tradition of memorial worship for departed ancestors, from the perspective of analytical psychology. To understand the psychological background of ancestral rites, a literature search was conducted to examine the basis for ancestral spirits, the objects of ancestral rites, the symbolic meaning of the customs and practice of Gijesa, and the contents of volume 3 of the book Jhuza-uryu about 'Ghosts and Ancestral Rituals'. Gijesa, the Korean ancestor worship, may appear as a complicated formal ritual, but it reveals a psychological phenomenon of individuation. Gijesa facilitates a conversation between descendants and ancestors, bridging the conscious and the unconscious, leading to a realization of totality. The creative aspect of spirit worship lies in the 'realization of the individuation process' in that it fosters a connection with the collective unconscious, the root of consciousness. When an individual develops into a new integrated personality, we could gain strength from the support of ancestors, the support of the unconscious. The relationship with the spirits of ancestors is essential because consciousness has an important relationship with its root, the collective unconscious, especially for those of us living in an era of chaos where the fundamental meaning of human existence is lost due to rationalism and materialism.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.39 no.5 s.180
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• pp.555-566
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• 2006

Major, trace and rare earth elements data of the Cretaceous Jindong granitic rocks were investigated in order to constrain the magma source characteristics and to establish the paleotectonic environment of the southwestern part of the Gyeongsang Basin. Geochemical signatures of the granitic rocks from the study area indicate that all of the rocks have characteristics of calc-alkaline series in the subalkaline field, and progressively shift from metaluminous to peraluminous with differentiation. In the variation diagrams, the overall geochemical features of the granites show systematic variations in major and trace elements. Chondrite normalized REE patterns show generally enriched LREE((La/Yb)c=4.2-12.8) and slight negative to flat Eu anomalies. Rb-Sr isotope data of the Jindong granites show that the whole rock age and Sr initial ratio are $114.6{\pm}9.1Ma$ and 0.70457, respectively. The Sr initial ratio of the Jindong granites is very similar to those of the Creataceous granites from Masan, Kimhae and Busan area($^{87}Sr/^{86}Sr=0.7049-0.707$). These results suggest that the magma have the mantle signature and intruded into the area during the early Cretaceous age. The Jindong granites have higher $Al_{2}O_{3},\;Na_{2}O$, Sr and lower $K_{2}O$, Y concentrations compared with typical calc-alkaline granitic rocks. These adakitic signatures are similar to those of adakitic pluton on Kyushu Island, southwest Japan arc. On the ANK vs. ACNK and tectonic discrimination diagrams, parental magma type of the granites corresponds to I-type, VAG granite. Interpretations of the geochemical characteristics of the granitic rocks favor their emplacement at continental margin during the subduction of Izanagi plate.