• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.504-508
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• 1983

To define the effects of synthetic auxins on rooting from the ginseng stern cutting and the root growth in diameter after the rooting of the cuttings, stern cuttings with palmate leaves obtained from seedlings and 2-year old ginseng plants were planted in rooting media treated with solutions of the synthetic auxins. All the roots induced from the cuttings were adventitious fibrous roots at first, but a few adventitious roots of the cutting were thickened in diameter to over 2 to 3mm at 120 days after cutting and the rest of them disappeared. IBA was the most effective auxin for rooting and root growth in diameter after rooting from the cuttings. The shape of the roots that thickened in diameter could be divided into two types. Both types of thickened roots were fully lignified at 120 days after cutting and those thickened roots did not dry up or die by July of the next year, however no rhyzomes or shoot primodia were induced from them.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 2018

In this experiment, we investigated the effects of various carbon sources and concentrations on the microtuber induction and acclimatization of the yam (Dioscorea cayenensis). First, the effects of the in vitro carbon sources and concentrations on the microtuber induction were examined. The highest efficiency of the microtuber induction was obtained in the 7% sucrose treatment, whereas the glucose treatment shows no effect on the microtuber formation. Secondly, the effects of the survival rate and the microtuber formation rate after the acclimatization were examined. The diameter (6.1 mm) and fresh weight (0.5g) of the tuberous root are the highest in the pretreatment of the 7% sucrose. Although the survival rate of the pretreatment of the low concentration sucrose (3% sucrose) is 100 %, the growth and development were inhibited. These results suggest the 7% sucrose treatment is appropriate for the yam microtuber formation and acclimatization. In addition, this protocol could be used for the propagation of virus- or disease-free clones and the multiplication of elite yam cultivars.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.413-423
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• 2024

Sixteen male college students were divided into two groups: a face-to-face group(n=8) and a real-time non-face-to-face exercise group(n=8), engaging in 30minute sessions twice a week for a duration of 8 weeks. Body composition and physical strength were measured as dependent variables before and after the home training period. For data analysis, a two-way ANOVA with repeated measures was conducted to evaluate the effects on body composition and physical strength, considering differences in exercise methods and measurement periods. Post hoc analysis using Bonferroni correction was applied. To compare the mean difference in change between groups, the pre-post difference was calculated, and an independent t-test was performed. The statistical significance level was set at p<.05. The results showed that 8 weeks of home training led to an increase in skeletal muscle mass and improvements in muscle strength, muscular endurance, and cardiorespiratory endurance in male college students, regardless of whether they participated in face-to-face or real-time non-face-to-face exercise. Moreover, there was no significant difference in exercise effectiveness between the face-to-face and real-time non-face-to-face exercise methods. Thus, these findings suggest that real-time non-face-to-face exercise can be as effective as face-to-face exercise in enhancing skeletal muscles and physical strength in male college students. Additionally, if a real-time non-face-to-face exercise program is validated for individuals with mobility issues or the elderly, it could serve as an effective alternative for those who face challenges in participating in face-to-face exercise sessions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1982.10a
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• pp.19-19
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• 1982

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.138-144
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to decide appropriate nutrient concentration for beet soilless culture by different nutrient concentration treatment between before and after root enlargement. Yamazaki's solution for head lettuce was used 0.5, 1, 2, 4 strength for before root enlargement and 0.5, 1, 2, 4 strength was treated after root enlargement. Root weight was good in 0.5, 1, 2 strength treatment before, then change treatment to 4 strength after root enlargement. But 4 strength treatment after root enlargement increase pithiness and root cracking. Vitamin C contents was low in 0.5 and 4 strength treatments after root enlargement. Betaxanthin and betacyanin were involved high concentration in lower nutrient concentration after root enlargement despite the treatments of before root enlargement. Therefore 1, 2 strength before root enlargement and 2 strength after root enlargement treatments is recommendable for nutrient culture of beet.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.104-107
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• 2000

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.138-142
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• 1999

Chinese foxglove (Rehmannia glutinosa) is receiving much attention as one of the principal medicinal crops and the demand for crude drug expands rapidly. This study was conducted to obtain the basic agronomic characteristics and cultivation information of Chinese foxglove. Morphological traits of several Chinese foxglove and their plant growth and yield were investigated under different environmental conditions. The tested lines exhibited clear morphological differences in leaves and roots representing their origins. Rapid root growth and weight increasement occurred in the middle of July. Optimum daylength and temperature conditions were investigated for the adequate plant growth of Chinese foxglove. Root growth was enhanced at $23/18^{\circ}C$ (day/night) with 13 hours daylength condition. Appropriate soil moisture and soil texture were $60{\sim}70%$ and loam soil, respectively.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.147-155
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• 2013

In this experiment, we report for the first time mass propagation by in vitro mircrotuberization of Codonopsis lanceolata. We first examined the effect of cytokinins on multiple shoot induction. 2.0 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of kinetin not only gave the highest rate of shoot induction (19.1%) but also the elongation of shoot (17.1 mm). Secondly, we investigated the effect of sugars on in vitro microtuberization from nodal segments. The diameter of tuberous roots was enlarged in the half-strength MS medium supplemented with 145.9 mM sucrose. Histological analysis revealed that the number of parenchymatous cell containing starch grains increased in the tuberous roots. In addition, unlike in non-tuberous root, vascular bundles were scattered inner cortex layer. Thirdly, in order to preserve and stimulate the germination, microtubers were stored at $4^{\circ}C$ refrigerator during 9 months and then transplanted to the artificial soils (vermiculrite : peatmoss = 1:1 v/v), resulting that the rates of survival and germination were 75% and 70%, respectively. These results indicated that mass propagation of C. lanceolata was achieved by in vitro microtuber formation, suggesting that this protocol might be applied for not only the propagation of elite clones but also conservation of C. lanceolata germplasm.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.64-71
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• 2010

Purpose: To evaluate pathologic patterns and outcomes of treatment of a biceps tendon lesion associated with a rotator cuff tear. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 92 patients (i) who underwent surgery for a cuff tear, (ii) for whom the biceps lesion could be observed retrospectively, and (iii) had a minimum follow-up of 2 years. The pathology of biceps tendon was classified into 4 types: tenosynovitis, fraying or hypertrophy, tear, and instability. All but the 4 with massive cuff tears were repaired. The biceps lesions were treated with debridement in 30, tenotomy in 10, tenodesis in 8, and recentering in 4. UCLA scoring was used for clinical results. Results: Seventy patients had a biceps lesion, 19 tenosynovitis, 22 fraying or hypertrophy, 21 a tear, and 8 instability. A biceps lesion was observed in 63% of cases of cuff tears below the medium size, and in 88% of cases with cuff tears above the large size. UCLA scores according to the pathology of the biceps lesion were 29.6 in the absence of a biceps lesion, and 28.3 in its presence. UCLA scores in patients with tenotomy or tenodesis for associated biceps tendon lesions were 28.2. Conclusion: There is a greater incidence and severity of a biceps lesion with a larger cuff tear. Therefore, the cause of a biceps lesion might be related to the cause of the cuff tear. Among the several options of treatment for biceps lesion, tenotomy or tenodesis may be particularly effective in providing pain relief.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.111-121
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• 2024

With strength training comes the risk of injury and the benefits of exercise. Lack of knowledge and experience or repetitions at excessive intensity can lead to injury. Adequate feedback on an exercise's progress can increase the exercise's effectiveness and reduce injuries by providing scientific data and psychological motivation. This study aimed to validate EMG equipment and examine the effects of 8 weeks of biofeedback training with wireless electromyography. A correlation analysis between the Noraxon device and Fitsig^®(EMG Prototype), a well-known instrument in the field of research, showed a moderate correlation. Statistically significant differences in humeral circumference, humeral muscle mass, and biceps and triceps strength were found between the left and right sides of the body over time, with no differences in the type of exercise. Feedback training with real-time EMG was found to be favorable for hypertrophic growth and strength improvement. Future studies should be conducted to investigate its application in sports activities further.