• Title/Summary/Keyword: 근대교회

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A Study on the Hanok Architectural Characteristics and Boundaries of the Geumsan Church in Gimje (김제 금산교회의 한옥건축 특성과 경역에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Yun-Sang
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.9 no.10
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    • pp.229-235
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    • 2018
  • The Hanok church is an important cultural heritage that can be considered from a religious point of view of life in the modern age in Korea. We will investigate the bounadaries of the Hanok church built in modern age and the characteristics of Hanok architectural. To do so, we have conducted field trips, interviews, and repair reports of the Gimje Geumsan Church in the Jeollabuk province. The Geumsan Church is present, and the architectural characteristics can be confirmed in detail. In addition, Yugwang School, which was responsible for the education function, was able to guess the location and size through the data. As a result, the boundaries of Geumsan Church is the present fence, the west side has the building, and the east side has the playground. The Geumsan Church's flat form was divided into male and female according to the space configuration of ㄱ-shaped reflecting Confucian thought of the time. And it seems that the Yugwang school was located in the entrance part of the modern church with a two-frame scale, which is suitable for lecture.

A Study on the Brick laying Techniques and Design Characteristics of Modern Churches in Jeonbuk province area (전북지역 근대교회의 조적기법과 의장특성 연구)

  • Kim, Hyun-Yong;Hong, Seung-Jae
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.51-60
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    • 2005
  • In Korea, there still exist a number of modern architectural structures which were built from 1876 - when Korea first opened its port to foreign trade - to the early 1960s. Modern architectures have been rather neglected from the study of Korean architecture history partly because of its short period and negative attitude toward them that they are remains of the Japanese colonial period. However, interest in modern structures is recently increasing, and researches and studies are actively going on. This dissertation is a study on brick laying techniques and design characteristics of Modern brick structure churches in Jeonbuk-province. The results demonstrate that modern brick structure churches in Jeonbuk-province have become small and simple with time and that their structures and designs are closely related.

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A Study on the Acceptance of Western timber structure and the Interior space of Church buildings in the early modern period in Korea - Focused on the roof structure of church architecture in the Flowering and Japanese occupation period - (한국 근대초기 서양 목구조의 수용과 교회 내부공간형태에 관한 연구 - 개화기와 일제강점기 교회건축의 지붕틀 구조를 중심으로 -)

  • Kim Jung-Shin
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.14 no.5 s.52
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    • pp.10-17
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    • 2005
  • This Study is concerned with the acceptance of Western timber structure and the interior space of church buildings in the early modern period in Korea. Timber roofs have represented a wide variety of constructional forms and have been fundamental to any technological appraisal of the evolution of both of Western and Eastern architecture. Especially the roof structure of the church buildings reflects the technological level, aesthetic sense, and spacial concepts of the age. Between Western timber structure and Korean timber structure, there are many differences in not only structural form but also form of roof, members, load, frame system and etc. And there were various types of framing technique such as timber truss, timber arch, timber vault in the western style church architecture in the early modern period in Korea. I have summarized the character of the acceptance process of Western timber structure and the influences on the interior space of church buildings.

A Study of Aspects of Modern Church Architecture Changes in 20th Century (20세기를 전후한 교회건축의 근대적 변천양상에 관한 연구)

  • 조경수;윤도근
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • no.20
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    • pp.71-77
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    • 1999
  • The purpose of the research is to reveal the process of the formation of modern church architecture in 20th century. In order to do that, neo-gothic architecture which starts in the point of view of ethic in the 19th century will be discussed first. Then the relations between Arts and Crafts Movement and church architecture which is the beginning of modern architecture movement will be revealed. After that, the purpose of Secession's church architecture which tried to separate from old architecture and the formation of background of localistic church architecture which is one of the modern church architecture will be discussed. Based on those discussions, the research in concluded the several characteristics of church architecture which makes it modern architecture. The research is focused to the portions which is related to the church architectures among the architectural conditions so complicated as to be easily confused. And also it is focused the architect those who should be mentioned in the same context and their works.

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A Study on the Expressional Characteristic in Nationalism-Church Architecture (민족주의적(民族主義的) 교회건축(敎會建築)의 표현특성(表現特性)에 관한 연구(硏究) -근대 유럽과 미국을 중심으로-)

  • Cho, Kyung-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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    • v.3 no.3
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    • pp.11-21
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    • 2001
  • This study is intended to clarify the ideologies and principles applied to the formative expression of church architecture which is contained both the God and human. From the result of study of modern architectural movement, all of architectural ideology have not been developed with the church architecture. Some of architectural concept have been the foundation of modern church architecture. From the point of view of theological aspects of Christianism, in church architecture which is hard to overcome the adherence of historical characteristics, especially nationalism which contain all the concepts and try the localization of church architecture play multi-functional roles to form expressional characteristics of the modern church architecture show harmonize to the modern architecture trend. The study is intended to clarify the nationalism-church architecture and to know the capability of our cases.

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세계과학기술사 (서양편) -갈릴레오재판-

  • 송상용
    • 발명특허
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    • v.5 no.12 s.58
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    • pp.22-24
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    • 1980
  • 근대과학을 낳는데 가장 중요한 역할을 한 갈릴레오는 우연히 망원경을 만든 것을 계기로 천문학에 끼여들었다. 망원경에 의한 천체관측은 2천년동안 끄떡없던 아리스토텔레스티 우주론이 틀렸음을 보여 주었다. 1609년 달의 정체가 밝혀지고 본성의 위성들이 발견되자 대중의 열광은 극에 이르렀으며 갈릴레오는 일약 유명해졌다. 가톨릭교회는 갈릴레오의 발견을 크게 환영했다. 그는 로마에 불려가 교황 바오르 5세(Paul V $1552\~1621$의 환대를 받고 성대한 축하행사에 참석했다. 예수회소속천문학자들도 갈릴레오를 찬양했다. 유일한 반대세력은 대학에 자리잡고 있느 소수의 아리스토펠레스주의자들이었다. 갈릴레오가 옹호한 코페르니쿠스체계에 대한 최초의 공격은 평신도와 하급성직자들에게서 나왔다.

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Rousseau's Philosophy of Education and Christian Public Education (루소의 교육철학과 기독교 공공교육론)

  • Kim, Youngho
    • Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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    • v.71
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    • pp.97-120
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    • 2022
  • Korean churches and theology of today are experiencing a decline in reliability and a lack of communication from the Korean society due to the absence of proper reflection. Moreover, with the COVID-19 Pandemic, the church is led to a situation where the problem of survival has become a concern. In addition, churches and theology failed to restore the public nature of faith from civil society, and how these beliefs could be developed in terms of Christian education has become an important theological task. The restoration of the public nature of the church brings interest in public theology, and if education is an important area of the public forum, we pay attention to educational philosophers who provided the basis for publicness and civil democracy education philosophy in Christian education. Rousseau, as an educationalist who opened the modern philosophy of education is opening up the civil society through discovering the existence of children with the proposition "Return to Nature" in the 18th century. This study aims to use Rousseau's educational philosophy in his books Emil, The Theory of Inequality Origins, and Social Contract Theory as the basis of educational theory that opened the foundation of the public domain and civil society.

New Perspectives on Sunday School of Korean Church for Next Generation (다음 세대와 한국교회 주일학교의 새 전망)

  • Kim, Jeong Joon
    • Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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    • v.67
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    • pp.11-44
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    • 2021
  • In the early 21st century, the global COVID-19 pandemic, which has arisen during the development of the technological science of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, has been a great challenge in all fields including politics, economy, industry, education and religion in Korean society. To prevent the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, the Korean government announced 'social distancing guidelines,' focused on the 'prohibition of three conditions'(crowd, closeness, airtight) for safety reasons. These quarantine guidelines made it more difficult for Korean churches and Sunday schools to operate. In general, looking at the statistical data of the major denominations of the Korean Church in the second half of the 20th century, shows that the Church has entered a period of stagnant or declining growth. Data also show that the number of students attending Sunday School is decreasing. The researcher identified four causes of the crisis faced by the Korean church and Korean Sunday school entering the 21st century. These trends are influenced by the tendencies of postmodernism, the deconstruction of modern universalism, the certainty and objectivity of knowledge, and the grand narrative and worldview of diffusion. Moreover, it is a phenomenon in which the young population decreases in contrast to the increasing elderly population in the age of population cliff in Korean society. Sunday Schools are also facing a crisis, as the youth population, who will become the future heroes of the Korean church, is declining. Finally, constraints of Church and Sunday school education activities are due to COVID-19 Pandemic. As analysis shows the loss of the Church's educational vision and a decrease in the passion for education. Accordingly, the researcher suggests four new strategies for the next generation of Korean Sunday schools, whose ranges from 200 members or less; this range covers the majority of Sunday School program run by churches in Korea. First, in the age of postmodernism, a time of uncertainty and relativism, Christian Societies requires teachers who are certain of absolute Christian truth and faith. Second, in an era of declining population cliffs for younger generations, a shift to a home-friendly Sunday school paradigm is needed. Third, during the COVID-19 pandemic, educational activities must appropriately utilize face-to-face and non-face-to-face communication. Finally, even in difficult times, Korean Sunday school should nevertheless remember the Lord's great commandment(Matthew 28:18-20) and restore the vision and passion of education to announce and teach the gospel. The researcher hopes that this study will provide small, positive steps in rebuilding Korean Sunday school educational activities for future generations in difficult times.

Ist Nietzsche Antichrist? - Im Mittelpunkt der Interpretation: Karl Jaspers - (니체는 안티크리스트인가? - 야스퍼스의 해석을 중심으로 -)

  • Chung, Nak-rim
    • Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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    • v.126
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    • pp.345-376
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    • 2013
  • Der vorliegende Beitrag zielt darauf ab, Nietzsches Einstellung zum Christentum zu $er{\ddot{o}}rtern$. Nietzsche gilt als einer der eindeutigsten Kritiker des Christentums in der $abendl{\ddot{a}}ndischen$ Geistesgeschichte. $F{\ddot{u}}r$ Nietzsche ist das Christentum nicht nur eine Religion, sondern auch eine Wertvorstellung, an der sich die $europ{\ddot{a}}ische$ Kultur orientiert hat. Nietzsche setzt sich die $vollst{\ddot{a}}ndig$ ${\ddot{U}}berwindung$ des Christentums zum Ziel, weil es der entscheidende Grund des Untergangs der $europ{\ddot{a}}ische$ Kultur ist. Ist Nietzsche Antichrist? Die Antwort auf die Frage ist sehr umstritten, denn Nietzsches Einstellung zum Christentum ist ambivalent. Freilich fokussiert Nietzsche seine Kritik nicht auf den Religionsstifter selbst, sondern auf den Apostel Paulus. In den verschiedenen Phasen seines Werkes erscheint Jesus in unterschiedlicher Weise. Er lehnt die Person Jesus nicht $grunds{\ddot{a}}tzlich$ ab, negiert aber den 'Typus' Jesus, z. B. als 'Idiot' und 'decadent'. Paulus ist der entscheidende Antipode $f{\ddot{u}}r$ Nietzsche. Der Apostel Paulus ist der wahre $Begr{\ddot{u}}nder$ des Christentums und der Sklavenmoral der Christen. Der vorliegende Aufsatz gibt Antworten auf die Fragen: Erstens, was das Christentum $f{\ddot{u}}r$ Nietzsche ist. Zweitens, wie Karl Jaspers Nietzsches $Verh{\ddot{a}}ltnis$ zu Jesus und Paulus besonders in Nietzsche und das Christentum beurteilt. Drittens, welches Problem die Interpretation von Jaspers besonders in Bezug auf seinen Begriff des 'Umgreifenden' hat.

The Protestant Reformation and the Formation of Modern Philosophy (종교개혁과 근대철학의 형성)

  • Lee, Tai-ha
    • Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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    • v.126
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    • pp.321-343
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    • 2013
  • The Reformation seems to have nothing to do with modern philosophy, but in reality closely related to it. From a philosophical point of view, the Reformation had a profound effect on the formation of modern philosophy in two respects. Voluntarism, asserting the predominance of divine will over divine reason, which is the basic principle of the Reformation, allowed an arbitrary interpretation of the Bible by ignoring the tradition of the Church and emphasizing 'Sola Fide'. As a result, the severe religious disputes arose and the modern intellectuals sought a deism and natural religion as an universal religion which is expected to put an end to religious conflicts. Moreover, voluntarism changed the way of inquiring nature from the speculative to the experimental based on observation and experiment, and provided the clues of the birth of experimental philosophy (empiricism) which is the experimental inquiry of human nature. In short, the Reformation brings about the search for universal religion on the one hand, but on the other the advent of experimental philosophy. Universal religion is not a mystic religion on which the religious behaviors and practices are based but just a world view that is the basis for scientific inquiry, and it was nothing but a philosophy for science. And also the experimental philosophy was a philosophy by science in that it is a science of human nature through experiment and observation, After all, the Reformation expelled religion from the main living room of philosophy and placed science on the spot instead.