• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.22-28
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• 2012

Functionalized graphene/epoxy composites were prepared to miprove thermal conductivities of epoxy composites and to maintain electrical insulating property. Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared using Hummers method, and then GO was reacted with aluminum isopropoxide to functionalize $Al(OH)_3$ layer onto GO surface by a simple sol-gel method (Al-GO). GO and Al-GO were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The analyses confirm that GO was coated with a large and dense coverage of $Al(OH)_3$. GO and Al-GO (1 and 3 wt%) were embedded in bisphenol A (DGEBA) to investigate the effects of electrical insulating property. Electrical resistivity showed that Al-GO had better insulating property than GO. Further, the thermal conductivity of GO and Al-GO/epoxy composites was higher than that of neat epoxy resins. In particular, the thermal conductivity of Al-GO/bisphenol F (DGEBF) improved by 23.3% and Al-GO/DGEBA enhanced by 21.8% compared with pure epoxy resins.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.81-86
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• 2019

Metal oxide/graphene composites have been known as promising functional materials for advanced applications such as high sensitivity gas sensor, and high capacitive secondary battery. In this study, tin dioxide ($SnO_2$) nanostructures were grown on chemically synthesized graphene nanosheets using a two-zone horizontal furnace system. The large area graphene nanosheets were synthesized on Cu foil by thermal chemical vapor deposition system with the methane and hydrogen gas. Chemically synthesized graphene nanosheets were transferred on cleaned $SiO_2$(300 nm)/Si substrate using the PMMA. The $SnO_2$ nanostuctures were grown on graphene nanosheets at $424^{\circ}C$ under 3.1 Torr for 3 hours. Raman spectroscopy was used to estimate the quality of as-synthesized graphene nanosheets and to confirm the phase of as-grown $SnO_2$ nanostructures. The surface morphology of as-grown $SnO_2$ nanostructures on graphene nanosheets was characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). As the results, the synthesized graphene nanosheets are bi-layers graphene nanosheets, and as-grown tin oxide nanostructures exhibit tin dioxide phase. The morphology of $SnO_2$ nanostructures on graphene nanosheets exhibits complex nanostructures, whereas the surface morphology of $SnO_2$ nanostructures on $SiO_2$(300 nm)/Si substrate exhibits simply nano-dots. The complex nanostructures of $SnO_2$ on graphene nanosheets are attributed to functional groups on graphene surface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.118-118
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• 2015

플렉서블 기판을 기반으로 하는 휴대용 기기는 다양한 형태로 가공이 가능하고 가벼워 휴대가 용이하며 충격에 강하여 내구성이 좋은 장점을 가지고 있으나 플렉서블 전극 개발이 어려운 문제가 있다. 플렉서블 전극으로 그래핀, 은나노선, 금속메쉬 등의 다양한 재료, 구조에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있으며 특히 은나노선 전극은 공정이 단순하고 투과도 및 전도도가 비교적 우수하녀 가장 강력한 후보재료로 알려져 있다. 그러나 은나노선은 표면거칠기가 매우 크고 헤이즈가 발생하여 OLED 디스플레이용 전극으로 응용시 화면의 선명도가 떨어지며 은나노선 네트워크 형성시 은나노선간의 접촉저항이 증가하는 문제를 가지고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 최근 산화그래핀을 적용하여 은나노선의 투과도, 전도도, 표면거칠기를 개선하는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 은나노선과 산화그래핀 나노복합체를 형성하고 플렉서블 기판에 전사하는 공정방법을 통해 투명전극을 형성하였고 산화그래핀이 포함되지 않은 전극과 비교하여 전극의 성능이 향상됨을 확인하였다. 주사전자현미경 측정을 통해 플렉서블 기판에 포함된 산화그래핀-은나노선 전극의 구조적 특성을 조사하였고 면저항측정을 통해 산화그래핀 처리로 인해 전기적 특성이 개선되는 결과를 확인하였다. 전도도 개선의 원인을 조사하기 위해 라만, XPS, 투과도 측정결과를 분석하여 그래핀에 포함된 pyridinic 질소가 감소하고 quaternary 질소가 증가하며 이로 인해 defect sites의 수가 감소하는 결과를 확인하였다. 산화그래핀과 은나노선의 접합부분에서 산화그래핀의 quaternary 질소가 증가하고 산화그래핀에 전하밀도를 증가하여 전도도를 향상하였다. 투과도 측정을 통해 은나노선의 가로방향 플라즈몬 공명 흡수가 산화그래핀 처리에 의해 감소한 결과를 확인하였다. 산화그래핀-은나노선 나노복합체의 전도도 향상 원인에 대한 연구는 은나노선의 플렉서블 전극 응용을 가속화하고 잠재적인 응용분야를 확대하기 위한 원천지식을 제공할 것이다.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.29-38
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• 2016

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.162-166
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• 2013

Graphene-coated polymer particles have attracted research interests due to their emerging applications derived from their controlled structure and morphology. To control the properties of graphene oxide (GO)-polystyrene (PS) composite particles, the adsorption time and instantaneous adsorption conditions were investigated by varying their mixing method. Polystyrene particles prepared by emulsion polymerization were modified to have positive surface charge by adsorption of polyethylene imine (PEI) on the surface of PS particles. GO prepared by the chemical exfoliation method had negative surface charge from the oxygenated groups. The adsorption of the negatively charged GOs onto the positively charged PS particles was successfully completed, and it was found that a longer adsorption time and a greater difference in the instantaneous relative concentration led PS-GO particles to have more homogeneously coated surfaces without aggregation.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.280-288
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• 2017

Nanocarbon base materials such as, graphene and graphene hybrid with high electrochemical performances have great deal of attention to investigate flexible, stretchable display and wearable electronics in order to develop portable and high efficient energy storage devices. Battery, fuel cell and supercapacitor are able to achieve those properties for flexible, stretchable and wearable electronics, especially the supercapacitor is a promise energy storage device due to their remarkable properties including high power and energy density, environment friendly, fast charge-discharge and high stability. In this study, we have fabricated flexible supercapacitor composed of graphene/conductive polymer composite which could improve its electrochemical performance. As a result, specific capacitance value of the flexible supercapacitor (unbent) was $198.5F\;g^{-1}$ which decreased to $128.3F\;g^{-1}$ (65% retention) after $500^{th}$ bending cycle.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.581-585
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• 2014

We conducted investigation on the hybridization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT : PSS) with graphene derivative (G-PSS), which has been prepared by wrapping reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with PSS. In situ polymerization of PEDOT/PSS in the presence of G-PSS afforded the PEDOT/PSS and graphene hybrid (GP). The analysis of XPS, IR and Raman spectroscopies for GP showed that PEDOT/PSS was successfully synthesized and hybridized with graphene. Compared to the G-PSS, GP showed an enhanced electrical conductivity of $4.46{\times}10^2S/m$ with a good wter-dispersity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.187.2-187.2
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• 2014

최근 다양한 카본 나노소재들이 열 전도성 필러로써 고분자 복합체의 열전도도 향상을 위해 연구되고 있다. 그러나 구조적 이방성을 갖는 탄소나노튜브(CNT) 혹은 그래핀나노플레이트(Graphene Nanoplatelet)를 복합체에 적용할 경우, 복합체의 수직 방향과 수평 방향에서의 열전도도가 3배 이상 차이가 나는 문제가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 2차원의 GNP 표면 위에 1차원의 CNT를 직접 성장시킨 하이브리드 탄소소재를 이용하여 이러한 열전도도 이방성을 개선하고자 하였다. 하이브리드 탄소소재는 무전해 도금법과 열기상법으로 제조하였다. 합성된 하이브리드 탄소소재 및 CNT를 단독 혹은 혼합하여 필러를 만들고 이를 에폭시 기지 내에 분산시켜 복합체를 제작하였다. 필러 함량별, 필러 비율별로 제작된 복합체의 열전도도를 레이저 플래시 법으로 측정 비교하였다. 결과적으로 기존의 단일 필러들보다 열전도도 이방성이 1.5배 이상 개선된 방열용 에폭시 복합체를 제작할 수 있었다. 한편 하이브리드 탄소와 2% 이하의 CNT 배합에서 단독 필러 투입에 비해 45% 이상의 열전도율 향상을 확인하였다. 이는 미세구조 분석 및 성분 분석 결과, 필러 분산 정도가 열전도도 향상의 주요 인자로 작용하는 것을 확인하였고 기지 내 CNT가 열전도도 경로로 작용하기보다는 하이브리드 탄소소재의 균일한 분산에 영향을 준 것으로 사료된다.

• Clean Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.62-67
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• 2015

We have developed a versatile method for the preparation of chemically linked graphene/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) hybrid materials via simple acid-catalyzed dehydration reaction between graphene oxide (GO) and amine-functionalized MWNTs (af-MWNTs). In this condition, ketone (-C=O) groups in GO and primary amine (-NH₂) moieties in af-MWNTs readily react to form imine (-C=N-) linkage. The chemical structures of graphene/MWNTs hybrid materials have been investigated using various microscopic and spectroscopic measurements. As a result of the synergetic effects of hybrid materials such as improved surface area and the superior structural restoration of graphitic networks, the hybrid materials demonstrate improved capacitance with excellent long-term stability. Furthermore, controlled experiments were conducted to optimize the weight ratio of graphene/MWNTs in hybrid materials. The highest capacitance of 132.4 F/g was obtained from the GM7.5 material, in which the weight ratio between graphene and MWNTs was adjusted to 7.5/1, in 1M KOH electrolyte at a scan rate of 100 mV/s.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2015

Stretchable electrode materials are focused to apply to flexible device such as e-skin and wearable computer. Used as a flexible electrode, increase in electrical resistance should be minimalized under physical strain as bend, stretch and twist. Carbon black is one of candidates, for it has many advantages of low cost, simple processing, and especially reduction in resistivity with stretching. However electrical conductivity of carbon black is relatively low to be used for electrodes. Instead graphene is one of the promising electronic materials which have great electrical conductivity and flexibility. So it is expected that graphene added carbon black may be proper to be used for stretchable electrode. In this study, under stretching electrical property of graphene added carbon black composite electrode was investigated. Mechanical stretching induced cracks in electrode which means breakage of conductive path. However stretching induced aligned graphene enhanced connectivity of carbon fillers and maintained conductive network. Above all, electronic structure of carbon electrode was changed to conduct electrons effectively under stretching by adding graphene. In conclusion, an addition of graphene gives potential of carbon black composite as a stretchable electrode.