• (The) Korean Journal of Educational Psychology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.549-569
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between peer rejection and victimization among schoolchildren and to test whether conflict norms in the classroom moderated this relationship. The analysis used the third year data derived from ClassNet research (Park, et al., 2017) supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea. The sample comprised fourth-grade through sixth-grade students in 52 classrooms of 7 elementary schools in South Korea (N = 1194). A series of multi-level analyses were performed to fulfill the study's purpose using variables obtained by peer nomination, such as social rejection, victimization, bullying perpetration, and teacher-student conflict. The results found that boys experienced more victimization than girls and peer rejection significantly increased victimization. Furthermore, conflict norms in the classroom moderated the relationship between peer rejection and victimization. Peer rejection significantly increased the extent of victimization in classrooms with relatively high levels of conflict norms. The study concludes with a discussion on the significance of conflict norms and the educational implications of the results with a focus on ways that teachers can facilitate healthier classroom environments.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.453-466
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• 2022

This study attempted to examine the role of gender roles in psychological distress of Korean adult men. Specifically, it was attempted to verify whether compliance with multidimensional male gender roles predicts psychological distress through gender role conflict. To this end, this study was conducted on 358 male participants aged 19 to 39 using the Korean Conformity to Masculine Norm Inventory, Korean Male Gender Role Conflict Scale, and General Health Questionnaire. As a result of the study, it was found that the influence on psychological distress through male gender role conflict was different depending on the sub-factors of the male gender norm. The sub-factors of masculine norms, 'power and control', 'job - independence', and 'emotion suppression', were statically predicted psychological distress through the medium of 'fear for femininity', which is a sub-factor of gender role conflict. Meanwhile, among the male norms, 'male leadership' and 'family support' had negative direct effects on psychological distress, and the indirect effects through gender role conflict were not significant. The results of this study suggest that the sub-factors of male norms have different functions for psychological distress, and in particular, the dysfunctional role of male norms can be caused by negative emotions about femininity during gender role conflict.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.227-235
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• 2014

Supply chain management for complex project requires continuous integration activities with the suppliers and subcontractors. This study proposes the firm performances, trust, relational norms, interfirm conflict and cooperation as major research variables, and collected the survey responses from the suppliers and subcontractors having experiences with complex projects. The statistical results indicate that the cooperation and conflict influence the firm performances, and that the inter-firm trust have some impact on the level of cooperation and conflict. It was also found that the inter-firm cooperation is influenced by relational norm. But on the contrary to our expectation, the relational norm has no significant impact on the inter-firm conflict. These findings may offer the significant implications leading to successful implementation of collaborative supply chain management in the context of project engineering area.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.265-288
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• 2007

This study analyzed which conflict management norm was preferred according to unique cultural difference of nation and such conflict management norm influences on conflict management type in solving real conflict when conflict in organization occurs and such conflict norm had a preference and influence on conflict management type in solving real conflict through such conflict management norm. As the result, first, Korean managers showed still high attitude on group interest and aimed to negotiation. But they highly depended on control. Canada managers showed discussion norm of individual interest and performed conflict management laying stress on unity and negotiation. second, as for conflict management of negotiation, both Canada and Korea performed it on the based of his or her interest discussion and as for plural agenda unity positively influenced to unity conflict management in Korea but in Canada, attitude for the future negatively influenced.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.342-352
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• 2016

This study examined the fashion culture of 20-30s working women through clothing norm relationships in the workplace. A literature research was conducted along with qualitative research, in-depth interviews in order to understand the domestic working environment and fashion culture such as lifestyle and consumer culture characteristics of 20-30s working women. The results were: First, it showed that the increased number of members having various inclinations caused subcultures through an increase of women's economic activities and transition to a knowledge-information society in domestic work places that changed into a business casual that recognized employees' autonomy and diversity. Second, in the working place, clothing norms coexist as stipulated by statutes, company rules, and official documents as well as others implied by experiences of sanction against members. Workplace closing norms are classified into norms of exposure that draw attention to clothes and casual clothes. Third, it showed that factors pressuring clothing norms are classified as external pressures and by spontaneous self-censorship that cause conflict and confusion with working women's fashion according to the degree of pressure. Two kinds of pressure by others (or types of departments and members) were observed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.5 no.1 s.9
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• pp.76-86
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• 1999

본 연구는 미국의 실용주의 철학자인 존 듀이의 공생적 합리주의 모형에 대한 분석과 이 모형의 계획이론의 적용에 대한 사회규범적 논의에 관한 것이다. 다양한 사회과학분야의 문헌고찰과 듀이를 비롯한 실용주의학파들의 연구를 중심으로 이루어진 본 연구는, 최근 논의되고 있는 사회 규범적 차원에서 논의되고 있는 계획이론의 이론적 근거를 존 듀이의 공생적 합리주의에서 찾고자 하였다. 민주주의의 속성상 계획과정에서의 상충과 갈등이 피할수 없는 현실이라면, 이러한 갈등과 상충이 발전적 도구로 존재할 수 있다고 제시한 듀이의 공생주의는 합리성의 가능성에 바탕을 둔 고전적 합리주의 이론을 대체할 수 있는 하나의 이론으로 제시될 수 있을 것이다. 존 듀이의 공생주의 이론에 대한 연구는 기존의 계획이론분야에서는 제시된 적이 없는 최초의 연구로서, 향후 계획이론 분야의 발전에 있어서 이론적 분석의 한 축을 제시했다는데 본 논문의 기여가 있다고 하겠다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.122-127
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• 2015

하천을 간단히 정의하면 물이 흐르는 길이라 할 수 있다. 현대사회에서 물은 생존권과 직결되는 중요한 경제적 자원이다. 하천이 물이고 물이 곧 하천이다 보니 국가 간 한정된 자원을 이용하기 위한 경쟁이 뜨겁다. 국제규범에 따라 공평한 물 배분이 실현되는 경우도 있지만 많은 국제하천이 국가 간 갈등의 중심에 있는 경우가 다반사다. 남북공유하천도 정치적, 군사적 대립관계를 고려할 때 갈등이 커질 수밖에 없다. 현재 임진강, 북한강 등 남북공유하천 전 구간에 걸쳐 많은 수리시설물이 건설되어 이용되고 있으며, 상류 국간인 북한의 유역변경 및 일방적인 방류에 대하여 하류국가인 남한이 그 피해를 고스란히 받고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 남북공유하천의 과거 및 현재의 갈등 사례를 검토하고 물을 둘러싼 주요 이슈 및 쟁점에 대하여 검토하여 남?북한 모두가 win-win 할 수 있는 납북협력 방안대하여 검토하고자 한다.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.113-132
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• 2019

The degree of females' participation in corporate activity has been recently increased over the world and females' participation in economic activity may be new dynamic fuel for the Korean economy that falls into the vicious cycle of low growth. Start-up, therefore, has increasingly taken attention as an opportunity for females whose careers were interrupted to re-enter the labor market. The need for studies that examine factors influencing the decision of start-up is also increased along with the increase of the ratio of females' start-up. This study aims to verify effects of the women's characteristics(women discrimination, women's role conflict) and the human networks of females whose careers were interrupted, with the intention for entrepreneurial intention, which are mediated by personal attitudes and subjective norm suggested by Ajzen's Theory of Reasoned Action, based on an empirical research. The findings show that the human networks of females have an effect on attitudes toward start-up activity and subjective norm and the woman discrimination influence the personal attitudes. In contrast, the women's role conflict have no effect on both personal attitude toward start-up activity and subjective norm. This can be supposed as an outcome resulted from the subjects' low level of conflict caused by their sex roles, on their age distribution. The relation between subjective norm and entrepreneurial Intention seemed to be moderated by their perceived strong entrepreneurial supporting policy. Their attitudes toward start-up activity were found to have a mediating effect on the relation between the women discrimination, human networks and entrepreneurial Intention, while the subjective norm only mediated the relation between human networks and entrepreneurial Intention. Based on such results, this study attempts to suggest theoretical suggestions and the direction of various entrepreneurial supporting policy for the increase and the growth of start-up of females whose careers were interrupted, in Korea.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.36-46
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• 1995

본 연구는 청소년기 부모-자녀관계 및 노부모-성인자녀간 결속도가 노인의 생활 만 족도에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 각 변인들간의 인관관계를 알아보고자 하는데 그 목적이 있 다 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다 1)노부모-성인자녀간 결속도는 비교적 높은 편이었으며 청소년기 부모-자녀관계가 애정적.권위적.자율적이고 갈등의 정도가 낮았을수록 높았다. 2) 노인의생활만족도는 청소년기 부모-자녀관계가 애정적.자율적이었으며 갈등의정도가 낮 았을수록 높게 나타났고 권위적 관계였을수록 과거 생활만족도는 높았고 미래 생활만족도는 낮았다 또한 노인의 생활만족도는 현재 성인자녀가 접촉적.정서적 .일치적.기능적.규범 적 결속이 높을수록 높았으며 구조적 결속에 따라서는 차이가 없었다 3) 노인의 생활만족도 에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 변인은 청소년기 부모-자녀관계중 갈등적 관계였다.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.62-88
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• 2023

While the introduction of kiosk has become an essential element, enjoying the effect of labor cost reduction, it has not been able to embrace the senior population due to the digital divide. This study investigated which factors have relationships with conflict over use for kiosk from the viewpoint of shadow work that appears during self-service kiosk use. An analysis of 159 seniors through survey revealed that both technostress and subjective norms had significant relationships with conflict over use for kiosk, and that the perception of shadow work had a partial mediating effect on these relationships. Further, user experience showed a moderating effect on the relationship between technostress and perception of shadow work. These results suggest theoretical and practical implications related to digital shadow work, providing the relevant policy regarding digital inclusion for seniors.