• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2011

Oats are an important crop for forage production with good palatability of livestock. Compared with other winter cereals crops for forage, oats may be widely sowing, autumn (October), spring (early of March) and summer (late of August). The objectives of this study were to compare the effects of sowing dates and varieties on the growth, forage yield and feed quality. Oat were sown in 14 October and 10 March, and harvested 20 days after heading in middle region of Korea. Varieties used were the 3 winter oat cultivars with cold tolerant and 3 cultivars for summer sowing. Heading was delayed about 12 days in spring sowing than in autumn sowing and the difference among varieties was 8 days. The rate of spike and leaf above aerial parts reduced and the rate of culm increased in spring sowing than in autumn. The variety 'Donghan' was higher the rate of spike and lower the rate of culm than that of other varieties. In spring sowing than in autumn, acid detergent fiber (ADF) content was higher, and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and digestible dry matter (DDM) content was lower. In DDM content surveyed on 20 days after heading, 'Donghan' was higher in autumn sowing and 'Samhan' in spring sowing than that of other varieties. The oat variety 'Samhan', 'Donghan' and 'Chohan' were higher fresh yield in autumn than in spring, but similar dry matter yield. The variety 'Swan', 'Darkhorse' and 'Hispeed' were higher fresh and dry matter yield in spring than in autumn. The variety 'Donghan' can supplement high quality forage production in middle region at October and March because of the high-tillering and rate of spike per aerial part.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.81-86
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different seeding dates on agronomic characteristics, forage quality, dry matter (DM) and dry matter digestible (DDM) yields of sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench) and oat (Avena sativaL.) at Seongju in Kyeongbuk from 2012 to 2013. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Sudangrass was seeded five times seeding dates of 10 days interval ranging from $1^{th}$ August to $10^{th}$ September in 2012 and 2013. Oat was seeded three times seeding dates of 10 days interval ranging from $20^{th}$ August to $10^{th}$ September in 2013. Sudangrass was harvested on $26^{th}$ October, 2012 and $2^{nd}$ November, 2013. Plant length and DM content decreased with delaying seeing date. The DM and DDM yields of sudangrass were higher (P<0.05) in first seeding date than all other seeding dates and decreased with delaying seeding dates (P<0.05). The DM and DDM yields of oat were higher (P<0.05) in first and second seeding dates than third seeding date. The results of this study indicated that early seeding of sudangrass would be a recommended than late seeding after $20^{th}$ of August, and late seeding of oat after $30^{th}$ August would be recommened for DM and DDM yields in the Southern Korea.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.135-142
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• 2011

This experiment was carried out to compare the growth characteristics and forage productivity between Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and Oats (Avena sativa L.) sown in early spring on trial field of Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan and Jeollanam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Naju in 2007 and 2008. Varieties used were Swan and Foothill in early- and late-maturing Oats, and Kospeed and Hwasan 101 in early- and late-maturing Italian ryegrass, respectively. In early-maturing variety, heading date of Swan was 14 May that was earlier one day than that of Kospeed. Plant length of Swan was 92cm that was longer 4cm than that of Kospeed. Average dry matter (DM) yield of 3 trial regions was not significantly different between Kospeed (6,809 kg/ha) and Swan (6,756 kg/ha) but DM yield of Italian ryegrass Hwasan 101 was less 35% than that of Swan. Average total digestible nutrient (TDN) yield of 3 trial regions was not significantly different between Kospeed (4,240 kg/ha) and Swan (4,162 kg/ha). In paddy cultivation of Naju, TDN yield of Kospeed was 4,154 kg/ha that was more 45% than that of Swan. Forage feed value was similar Kospeed to Swan in early maturing variety. Considering TDN yield and feed value of forage, early-maturing variety of Italian ryegrass was effective for spring-sown cultivation and suitable for forage production on paddy in southland of Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1992.05a
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• pp.20-21
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• 1992

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1992.05a
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• pp.22-23
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• 1992

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1992.05a
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• pp.24-25
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• 1992

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.12
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• pp.1811-1814
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• 2009

The effect of fermentation with mixed cultures of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus on the microbiological characteristics of oat extract was investigated. Changes in pH, titratable acidity and viable cell populations indicated that growth was better in mixed cultures of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and S. salivarius subsp. thermophilus. Growth of S. salivarius subsp. thermophilus in oat extract was more rapid than growth of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. Cooperative interaction between two cultures during fermentation of oat extract as in yogurt from cow's milk was observed, but the intensity was relatively weak.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.233-239
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• 1990

The effect of alachlor treatment on peroxidase synthesis in oat root tips was studied. Alachlor caused increase in the amount of soluble peroxidase in oat root tips, peroxidase activity increase as the rate of alachlor application increased, Alachlor treatment of oats with $1{\times}10^{-6}M$, peroxidase activity increased 0.20 unit higher than that of nontreatment. After 12hr, 65mM of peroxide treatment of oats inhibited 16% root growth, and 130 mM peroxide treatment caused 59% inhibition. With PAGE of peroxidase extracted from normal root tips, PAGE give 4 species($P_2$, $P_3$, $P_4$, and $P_5$ band) of peroxidase. Alachlor significantly activated isoperoxidase. Three isoperoxidase($P_1$, $P_6$, and $P_7$) are synthesized at a increased concentration of alachlor, SDS-PAGE analysis of proteins extracted from oat root tips showed that they were made up of subunits blow 100 kD polypeptide.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.205-216
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• 2010

Few spring sowing have been conducted on winter cereal crops for whole-crop silage use. Experiments were conducted during 2007 and 2008 at the Chungnam Agricultural Research & Extension Services. The objectives of this study were compared the spring sowing with the optimum season's sowing on growth, yield and feed quality in five winter cereal crops. The treatments consisted of 5 winter cereal crops, Youngyang (Barley, Spring habit I), Keumkang (Wheat, Spring habit II), Gogu(Rye, Spring habit estimated III), Shinyoung (Triticale, Spring habit estimated III), Samhan(Oat, Spring habit estimated II), and 3 planting dates, 18 October (optimum season's sowing), 23 February and 10 March in spring. Heading days as affected by spring sowing compared to optimum season sowing were delayed by 16~20 days in barley, wheat, rye and triticale, and 9 days in oat. The clipping dates at the optimal harvesting stage of each crop for round-baled silage in spring sowing was 8 June (yellow ripe stage) in barley, 25 May (10 days after heading) in rye, and 17 June in wheat (yellow ripe stage), triticale (milky stage) and oat (milky stage). The accumulative temperature from emergence to heading was significantly decreased as affected by spring sowing compared to optimum season's sowing, but that of sowing to emergence and that of heading to maturing was similar. The rate of spikes per tillering surveyed at each clipping date was 62.0-73.1 percent in barley, wheat, triticale and oat, and 56.0 percent in rye compared to that of optimum season sowing. The dry matter yield in spring sowing compared to 18 October was obtained about 71.7 percent in barley, 60.6 percent in wheat, 46.2 percent in rye, 70.2 percent in triticale and 110.9 percent in oat. It were increased in acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and crude protein content, but decreased in digestible dry matter content(DDM) and relative feed value (RFV). The yield of DDM by spring sowing was decreased in barley, wheat, rye and triticale, but increased in oat. The yield of dry matter and DDM were higher in oat and triticale than that of barley, wheat and oat. So, regardless to clipping dates and cropping system, the appropriated crop for spring sowing was oat, and subsequently triticale and barley. It was not adopted for spring sowing in rye because of low rate of no. of spikes per tillers and yield. It was necessary eliminated winter growing nature by earlier sowing at the late of February after overwinter.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.209-220
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• 2012

Most oats are used for livestock feed in the world. This experiment was conducted at Iksan city of Korea from 2007 to 2008. The objective of this study was to select eminent oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivars with high-yielding and a quality for forage adaptable in each planting seasons. Experimental design was split-plot design with three replications. A split plot design was used with seeding date on the main plots and other treatments fully randomized in sub-plots. A factorial arrangement of treatments included three different ecotypes cultivars, winter type (Sanmhan, Donghan and Chohan), summer type (High-speed, Darkhorse, and Swan), and naked oats near to spring type (Daeyang, Choyang, and Sunyang) and twelve seeding dates (twice a month from March to November). Plant height, dry matter yield, and percent TDN was significantly affected by seeding dates, cultivars, and the interaction of cultivars ${\times}$ seeding dates. There was a decrease in plant height, dry matter yield, and percent total digestible nutrients (TDN) as seeding was delayed from early March to late June and it also from early September to early November. The winter type oat cultivars such as Samhan, Donghan, and Chohan adapted to fall seeding and early summer harvest, while summer type cultivars such as High-speed, Darkhorse, and Swan showed high productivity either to summer seeding and mid-fall harvest or to spring seeding and early summer harvest. Naked type cultivars, Choyang and Daeyang, showed high forage yield by spring and summer seeding except for fall seeding because of cold damage. Summer type oat cultivars such as High-speed, Darkhorse, and Swan can supplement high forage production in spring. TDN yield showd the most at seeding in October 10 (780 kg $10a^{-1}$), followed at seeding in March 23 (627 kg $10a^{-1}$).