• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.144-158
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• 2012

A higher spatial resolution is preferable to support the accuracy of detailed climate analysis in urban areas. Airborne LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) and satellite (KOMPSAT-2, Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite-2) images at 1 to 4 m resolution were utilized to produce digital elevation and building surface models as well as land cover maps at very high(5m) resolution. The Climate Analysis Seoul(CAS) was used to calculate the fractional coverage of land cover classes in built-up areas and thermal capacity of the buildings from their areal volumes. It then produced analyzed maps of local-scale temperature based on the old and new input data. For the verification of the accuracy improvement by the precise input data, the analyzed maps were compared to the surface temperature derived from the ASTER satellite image and to the ground observation at our detailed study region. After the enhancement, the ASTER temperature was highly correlated with the analyzed temperature at building (BS) areas (R=0.76) whereas there observed no correlation with the old input data. The difference of the air temperature deviation was reduced from 1.27 to 0.70K by the enhancement. The enhanced precision of the input data yielded reasonable and more accurate local-scale temperature analysis based on realistic surface models in built-up areas. The improved analysis tools can help urban planners evaluating their design scenarios to be prepared for the urban climate.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.170-178
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• 2012

In this study, in order to provide an information for artificial cultivation of wild mushroom, the meteorological effects on wild mushroom appearance were examined using daily meteorological observations in Chiak National Park. The survey of wild mushroom appearance was carried out once a month from June to October. Under high temperature and humidity conditions in July and August, the appearance of wild mushroom was frequent. In contrast, lower number of wild mushroom appeared in October. Wild mushroom appearance was affected by solar radiation, relative humidity, precipitation, and soil water content whereas the impact of air and soil temperature was lower than that of other meteorological elements.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.81-98
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• 2024

This study analyzed the impact of urban spatial factors on the thermal environment. The personal thermal sensation was set as the unit of thermal environment to analyze its correlation with environmental factors. To collect data on personal thermal sensation, Living Lab was applied, allowing citizens to record their thermal sensation and measure the temperature. Based on the input points of the collected personal thermal sensation, nearby urban spatial elements were collected to build a dataset for statistical analysis. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the impact of each factor on personal thermal sensation. The analysis results indicate that the temperature is influenced by the surrounding spatial environment, showing a negative correlation with building height, greenery rate, and road rate, and a positive correlation with sky view factor. Furthermore, the road rate, sky view factor, and greenery rate, in that order, had a strong impact on perceived heat. The results of this study are expected to be utilized as basic data for assessing the thermal environment to prepare local thermal environment measures in response to climate change.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.479-485
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• 2011

A number of case studies that find distribution of longevity population and influencing factors through the spatial data fusion using GIS techniques are growing. The majority cases of these studies are adopt census administrative boundary data for the spatial analysis. However, these methods cannot fully explain the phenomenon of longevity because there are a variety of spatial characteristics within the census administrative boundaries. Therefore, studies of spatial unit are required that realistically reflect the phenomenon of human longevity. The dasymetric mapping method enables to product of spatial unit more realistic than census administrative boundary map and statistic estimates of small area utilizing diversity spatial information. In this study, elderly population of small area has been estimated within statistically significant level that applied the vector based dasymetric mapping method. Also, the cluster analysis confirmed that the variation of local spatial relationship within census administrative boundary. The result of this study implied that the need for local-level studies of the human longevity and the validity of the dashmetric mapping techniques.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.485-498
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• 2001

This study was objected to identify the temporal and spatial variations oi groundwater quality and contamination using monthly groundwater monitoring data collected from 30 wells in Daejung watershed, Jeju Island. Water samples were analyzed for major cations. anions, and environmental isotopes including $^{18}0-H_2$O,$^{2}H-H_2$O and$^{15}$ N-NO$_3$The groundwater represented mostly Na(Mg)-HCO$_3$ type, with local change toward Ca-HCO$_3$ type and Na-Cl type. Groundwater quality depends upon various factors such as the local groundwater flowpaths, input of surface contaminants with recharge events, and sea-water intrusion along the coastal area. Nitrate contamination changed temporally according to recharge events and spatially. $\delta$$^{18}$ O-$\delta$$_2$H data for monthly sampled groundwaters showed distinctive clusters, implying that groundwater was originated from independent precipitation, and subsequently recharged very fash. Using$\delta$$^{15}$ N-NO$_3$ data, major sources of nitrate and its areas of influence could be identified. The areas under influence of livestock farms showed relatively high NO$_3$-N concentrations and$\delta$$^{15}$ N values higher than 5$\textperthousand$. The agricultural areas in southeastern part showed very high concentrations of NO$_3$-N with the $\delta$$^{15}$ N values of lower than 5$\textperthousand$.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.199-217
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• 2016

Influences of seasonal warming and cooling rates on the annual temperature patterns were analyzed based on the meteorological data from 13 weather stations in Busan Metropolitan Area(BMA), Korea during 1997~2014. BMA daily temperature time-series was generalized by Fourier analysis, which mathematically summarizes complex, regularly sampled periodic records, such as air temperature, into a limited number of major wave components. Local monthly warming and cooling rates of BMA were strongly governed by the ocean effect within the city. March($1.121^{\circ}C/month$) and November(-$1.564^{\circ}C/month$) were the two months, when the most rapid warming and cooling rates were observed, respectively during the study period. Geographically, spring warming rates of inland increased more rapidly compared to coastal areas due to weaker ocean effect. As a result, the annual maximum temperature was reached earlier in a location, where the annual temperature range was larger, and therefore its July mean temperature and continentality were higher. Interannual analyses based on average temperature data of all weather stations also showed that the annual maximum temperature tended to occur earlier as the city's July mean temperature increased. Percent area of impervious surfaces, an indicator of urbanization, was another contributor to temperature change rates of the city. Annual mean temperature was positively correlated with percent area of impervious surfaces, and the variations of monthly warming and cooling rates also increased with percent area of impervious surfaces.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.296-300
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• 2007

우리나라에 내리는 대부분의 강수량은 6월${\sim}$8월의 장마기간 혹은 태풍의 영향으로 인해 발생한다. 특히 국지적으로 발생하는 집중호우로 인해 많은 인명, 재산 피해 등이 발생한다. 우리나라에서 집중호우로 인한 피해는 거의 매년 발생하고 있으며, 집중호우의 발생 지역은 특정 지역에 국한되어 있지 않다. 따라서 집중호우 발생으로 인한 피해 방지를 위해 사전에 충분한 준비를 해야 한다. 2006년 7월 8일부터 10일까지 3일 동안 진주지역 306.5mm, 합천지역 259.5mm, 산청지역 366.0mm의 집중호우가 발생하였으며, 이 기간 동안 이들 지역 외에도 전국적으로 태풍 에위니아(EWINIAR)의 영향으로 많은 호우가 발생하였다. 본 연구에서는 2006년 7월 진주지역 집중호우 특성 연구를 위해 진주지역 시강우 자료를 이용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 시강우 자료를 이용하여 진주지역 재현기간별 확률강우량을 산정하였고 2006년 7월 8일부터 10일까지의 강우분포형태를 설계강우분포형과 비교하였다. 또한 2006년 7월 발생했던 진주지역 집중호우의 무차원 누가곡선을 작성하여 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 일최대 강우량의 경우 그 크기가 50년 혹은 80년 이내였으며, 강우분포형의 경우 하천정비기본계획의 경우 Mononobe 중앙집중형이였지만, 지난 호우의 경우 후방위의 강우가 연속적으로 발생한 형태였다. 또한 대부분의 강우가 6시간 이내에 내려 첨두홍수 발생에 많은 영향을 미쳤을 것으로 판단된다. 앞으로 이상기후와 같은 자연 현상에 대비하기 위해서는 단시간 호우에 대한 정확한 분석과 강우분포에 대한 연구가 더욱 필요할 것으로 생각된다.적자색의 미려한 결정이 석출되므로 이 결정을 여과하여 ethanol로 세척하고 진공 desiccator중에서 건조시켰다. 수득량 1.2~1.3g.)와의 조환가는 11.9565의 상인연소현상을 보였다. 삭과색(Y) 경색(R) 유전자간에는 어느것이나 연소현상이 보이지 않았다. 4. 단일반응성의 변이는 연소적이며 우성은 거의 인정되지 않았고 인자간의 상호작용도 인정되지 않았으며 상가적 유전을 보였다. 광의와 협의의 유전력은 각각 89.50%로서 실용적으로 대단히 높은 것으로 생각되었으며 단일반응성에 관여하는 유전자수는 2대의 인자로 추정하였고 다시 양친의 유전자형을 aabb AABB라고 측정하여 각인자의 작용가는 11.136일로 산출되었고 분해법에 의한 유전분석결과 유전자형의 관찰빈도분포와 이론빈도분포는 서로 잘 적합되었다. 단일반응성에 있어서 유전력이 대단히 높았으므로 비교적 초기세대에서 본 형질의 선발이 가능할 것 같았다. 5. 단일반응성과 엽형 및 엽병색 유전자와의 사이에 $F_2$, $BC_1$ 및 $BC_2$에서 각각 유의적인 상관관계를 볼 수 있었으므로 이들 형질간에 연소가 있는 것으로 인정되었다. 더욱 엽형과 엽병색과의 연소가 있는 것으로 인정되는 이상단일반응성 유전자와의 사이에 연소군이 인정된다. 6. 섬유중 유전자와 엽병색 및 엽형유전자와의 사이에 $F_2$$BC_1$ 및 $BC_2$에서 각각 유의적 상관관계를 볼 수 있었으므로 이를 형질간에 연소가 있는 것으로 인정되었다. 더욱 엽형과 엽병색과의 연소가 있는 것으로 인정되는 이상 섬유중 유전

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2018.06a
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• pp.40-40
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• 2018

강원도 혹한지역에 설치된 ACSR cable(Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced, 강심 알루미늄 연선)에 겔러핑(Galloping), 슬릿점핑(Sleet jumping) 등 빙설해로 인한 단전 및 단락 사고가 발생하여 전력망 운영에 심각한 문제를 초래하고 있다. 특히, 빙설해로 인한 정전사고는 전기 품질의 저하 뿐만 아니라, 국지적으로 발생하여 광범위하게 영향을 미치기 때문에 이에 대한 대응 및 예방기술이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 ACSR cable의 원 소재인 알루미늄 합금(Al 6061)을 대상으로 낮은 표면에너지를 갖는 결빙방지 코팅소재로 표면처리하여 결빙방지 성능을 향상하고자 하였다. 코팅소재와 얼음과의 접합특성은 결빙접합 특성 시험기를 사용하여 정량적으로 측정하였으며 시험기의 신뢰성 확보를 위해 FEM Modeling을 수행하였다. 결빙특성 지표인 ARF(Adhesion reduction factor)를 적용하여 소재별 결빙방지 효과를 비교 평가하였다. 코팅소재는 현재 해외 국내에서 상용화되고 있는 소수성, 초소수성 소재를 선정하였으며, 결빙접합강도와 매우 밀접하게 연관되어 있는 표면 에너지, 표면 거칠기와의 상관관계를 분석함으로써 결빙방지 코팅소재의 적합성을 평가하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 상온 경화형 실리콘 러버 코팅소재는 원 소재 Al 대비 약 8~9배 낮은 탁월한 방빙성(Anti-icing) 효과를 나타내었으며, 내구성 또한 상용소재 대비 우수한 특성을 나타내었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.281-288
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• 2001

The relationships between the growths of Abies koreana W. and climatic factors were analyzed by the use of tree-ring analysis at the subalpine belt of Mt. Halla National Park. The four cores were extracted from each 21 trees at north-facing slope (1,900m a.s.1.). The site chronology was established on the periods from 1912 to 1999. The growth of A. koreana was very poor, in particular in the years of 1982, 1988 and 1996. Simple correlation was employed to analyze the relationship between the growth of A. koreana and climatic factors. The result of simple correlation indicates that the growth of A. koreana represent positive correlations both with the mean temperatures of April and previous November, and the precipitation of previous December and January. The presence of large number of frost-damaged scars in the individual trees of A. koreana implies that local freezing temperature conditions at Mt. Halla have occurred in 1964, 1965 and 1966. The correlations between the fir chronology SOI(Southern Oscillation Index) of previous January, February and November were significantly positive. The growth ratio of A. koreana demonstrates that this species is sensitive to seasonal variations. As the winter temperature rises, the growth ratio of A. koreana decreases, on the other hand, the increase of autumn temperature accelerates the growth ratio of A. koreana. The growth decline of A. koreana was observed from 51 cores out of the 54 cores, and the overall growth declines have initiated at 1978, 1982 and 1988. Distinct growth decline of A. koreana in the range of 70% is noticed at 34 cores out of the 51 cores. The decline of, A. koreana growth appears to be related to the winter temperature which has increased since mid-1970s.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.77-84
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• 2015

The key objective of this research is to review the effectiveness of spatial regression to identify the influencing factors of spatial distribution patterns of floating population. To this end, global and local spatial autocorrelation test were performed using seoul floating population survey(2014) data. The result of Moran's I and Getis-Ord $Gi^*$ as used in the analysis derived spatial heterogeneity and spatial similarities of floating population patterns in a statistically significant range. Accordingly, Geographically Weighted Regression was applied to identify the relationship between land use attributes and population floating. Urbanization area, green tract of land of micro land cover data were aggregated in to $400m{\times}400m$ grid boundary of Seoul. Additionally public transportation variables such as intersection density transit accessibility, road density and pedestrian passage density were adopted as transit environmental factors. As a result, the GWR model derived more improved results than Ordinary Least Square(OLS) regression model. Furthermore, the spatial variation of applied local effect of independent variables for the floating population distributions.