• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

Recent international environmental regulations are focused on reducing pre-contamination and on sustainable development prior to the usage stage of a product. The Environmental Performance Declaration is being used as a tool for quantifying the environmental performance of products, to reduce contamination in advance, and for advertising the results of railway vehicles in Europe. In this study, a life cycle assessment of the tilting train was conducted, the first such case study in Korea, according to the ISO 14025 standard and Korea EDP (Environmental Declaration of the Product) rule. As a result of the LCA, the life cycle carbon emission of the tilting train was determined to be $3.54{\times}10^7kgCO_2eq.$ which is higher than that of a European train. Also, the amount of $CO_2$ emission of the Mcp and car body is higher than that of the other car and bogie.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.123-146
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• 2017

The information that consumers share in the SNS (Social Networking Service) has a great influence on the purchase of consumers. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to new research methodology and advertising strategy using Social Big Data. In this context, the purpose of this study is to quantitatively analyze customer value through Social Big Data. In this study, we analyzed the value structure of consumers for the three smartphone brands through text mining and positive/negative image analysis. Analysis result, it was possible to distinguish the emotional aspects (sensitivity) and rational aspects (rationality) for customer value per brand. In the case of the Galaxy S7 and iPhone 6S, emotional aspects were important before the launch, but the rational aspects was important after release date. On the other hand, in the case of the LG G5, emotional aspects were important before and after launch. We can propose two core advertising strategies based on analyzed consumer value. When developing advertising strategy in the case of the Galaxy S7, there is a need to emphasize the rational aspects of product attributes and differentiated functions. In the case of the LG G5, it is necessary to consider the emotional aspects of happiness, excitement, pleasure, and fun that are felt by using products in advertising strategy. As a result, this study will provide a good standard for actual advertising strategy through consumer value analysis. Advertising strategies are primarily driven by intuition or experience. Therefore, it is important to develop advertising strategies by analyzing consumer value through social big data analysis.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.198-206
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• 2016

Fuel economy label will be used as a national indicator in energy management, leading to the development of car technology manufacturer and plays a role in providing consumer vehicle purchase information. But the government's fuel economy label is continued consumer complaint is different and diminishing fuel economy were introduced by the government to measure the exact fuel economy label than resetting the 5-cycle test method in the US for the domestic vehicle standards. Originally two test mode in order to reduce the impact of the sharp increase in the resources required but methods of calculating a measured result value by driving all of the five test mode a variety of environmental conditions and the running pattern is reflected to the fuel economy label (city( FTP-75 mode), highway(HWFET mode)) and using 5-cycle correction formula for calculating a fuel consumption value and the equivalent value to calculate the result of the 5-cycle test. The compensation was calculated expression 30s, 5-Cycle Test Method of vehicles in 2011 was considered necessary to review the existing 5-cycle correction formula for the New Type car due to the recent rapid development of automotive technology. In this study, recent technology is targeting 14 units New Type car applied over the same test method and the existing check test mode specific fuel economy properties and, as a result of analyzing the corrected expression differences that have already been developed with the existing test vehicle resulting large did not show the difference was found to correction formula also not getting the existing fuel correction expression significant effect on the improvement of the current automobile technology as a maximum error of less than 1.5%.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.170-177
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• 2017

The price of land in Jeju is reaching a new high every day and this phenomenon not only causes real difficulties for the purchase of real estate by local residents, but also results in psychological deprivation. Therefore, this study analyzes the factors causing the increase of the land price in Jeju, in order to examine the measures required to stabilize the land price which is continuously rising. As a result of this study, we developed a land price prediction model including seven variables, including the 'inflation rate', 'interest rate', and 'population'. According to the model, land prices in Jeju are expected to rise steadily, and it is predicted that in 2020 the price will increase to 170% of that in 2015 and will triple by 2025. Based on the results of this study, this study suggested policy alternatives, such as 'Establishing a tourism policy for managing the number of tourists' and 'increasing the approval standards for development activities'. The two policies proposed in this study can be implemented as a regional initiative, which may be less effective than the changes in the national system, but it is meaningful that the efforts to stabilize the land price will continue at the regional level.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.364-369
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• 2013

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been studied during the past few decades because of their potential impacts on the environment and human health. PCBs are toxic environmental pollutants and persistent organic pollutants (POPs). This study was carried out to assess the dietary exposure and risk to PCBs for the general Korean population through food intake. Various samples (n=389) covering 28 kinds of food were collected from 5 cities in Korea. The PCB content was not detected-$182.4{\mu}g/kg$ (mean of $5.4{\mu}g/kg$) in the food. The mean dietary exposure of PCBs for the general population was 9.54 ng/kg bw/day with an intake of 0.19% of tolerable daily intake (TDI) ($5{\mu}g/kg$ bw/day). Therefore, the level of overall dietary exposure to PCBs for the Korean population through food intake is below the recommended TDI levels.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.1-17
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• 2007

The purposes of this study are to examine the adolescents' consumer knowledge and consumption behavior and analyze the factors affecting them. The sample of this study is 640 middle school students living in kyunggi province. The data are collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed by the descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, the third grade students and the female students get higher scores in the consumer knowledge compared with the first grade and the male students. Other factors affecting the level of consumer knowledge are occupation of parents, education level of mother, household income and GPA. Second, the consumption behavior of students is moderately resonable and affected by sex and grade of students, education level of mother, household income, and GPA. Third, the adolescent's consumer knowledge affects their consumption behavior. The results of multiple regression analysis show that 4% to 9% of variances of sub categories of the consumption behavior are explained by the level of consumer knowledge. Since the consumer knowledge learned at schools is rarely transferred to the reasonable consumption behavior, the systematic and relevant consumer education considering the development stages of adolescents is required in the future.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.503-521
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• 2017

Demands in a sustainable coffee certification program have increased steadily in the global coffee market. Along with this trend, recently the introduction of sustainable coffee certification programs in Vietnam has increased significantly. However, Vietnam's the coffee certification programs led by a single state-owned company, which is called Vinacafe, shows some differentiations from other sustainable coffee programs certified in other countries. The structure of exclusive decision-making in Vinacafe has been interfered with economic impacts in accordance with the introduction of sustainable coffee certification programs in Vietnam. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify changes in and limits of the value chain of the coffee industry with the introduction of Vietnam's sustainable coffee certification program by investigating the case of Vinacafe. To this end, the research has attempted 1) to concern with the role of Vinacafe in the process of growth in the coffee industry in central highland of Vietnam, 2) to analyze changes stemmed from the introduction of Vinacafe's sustainable coffee certification programs, and 3) to examine the limits to the introduction of sustainable coffee certification programs in Vietnam. As a result, it found out that Vinacafe subsidiaries shifted the losses resulted in the payment of additional environmental costs to produce sustainable certification coffee onto coffee farmers depended on Vinacafe subsidiaries, because the price of premium emerged from supports for certificated coffee production has not been guaranteed by Vinacafe mother firm.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.76-84
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• 2018

Wet wipes are being increasingly used because of their convenience. Particularly, oral wet wipes are useful for regular cleaning of a baby's mouth after birth. Therefore, the consumption of oral wet wipes has increased over the past few years and a variety of products are commercially available. However, product information on safety is not sufficiently provided and still raises doubts regarding adverse effects. To confirm the safety of wet wipes as an oral hygiene item and provide information for their use, we investigated the cytotoxicity of oral wet wipes and verified the underlying mechanism. The anti-bacterial effect of oral wet wipes was analyzed using the disk diffusion method. The cytotoxic effects of oral wet wipes were observed based on morphological changes using microscopy and determined using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in gingival epithelial cells and gingival fibroblasts. Evaluation of apoptosis by oral wet wipes was explored using propidium iodide flow cytometric analysis and a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Apoptosis-related molecules were also analyzed using western blotting. Five types of oral wet wipes were tested, and two products from Fisher-Price and Dr. Kennedy revealed strong cytotoxic effects on gingiva epithelial cells and gingiva fibroblasts, although they also showed intense anti-bacterial effects on oral bacteria. Cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and apoptosis were observed based on treatment of extracts from Fisher-Price and Dr. KENNEDY. Relatively high TUNEL levels, reduction of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 expression, and fragmentation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase were also elucidated. These results suggest that commercial oral wet wipes could exert cytotoxic influences on oral tissue, although there are anti-bacterial effects, and careful attention is required, especially for infants and toddlers.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.41
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• pp.187-222
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• 2015

The quantitave increase and qualitative development in the game industry leads to bitter competition and makes game companies struggle to find better ways promoting their own games. The game trailer is one of the critical ways to publicize diverse games by showing visual images directly. There are three reasons why the game trailer comes into the spotlight these days; the rapid growth of the Internet speed handling the large size of files, the remarkable development of visual image quality just like digital movies, and the advent of video websites such as You Tube that shows huge amount of videos regardless of the type and size. However, there are not enough amount of research on the game trailer because using game trailers as the marketing source is still at an early stage. Therefore, this research focuses on providing characteristics of game trailers that are available for practical market analysis. First, this research shows that game trailers can be divided by the category of display, style, and contents type. Second, this research provides the component parts of game trailers that are divided into contents factors such as characters, backgrounds, events and promotional factors such as title, production company name, distribution company name. Third, this research explores research frames that would be needed to analyze marketing strategies, effects of game trailers, production pipelines and so on. These categorizations would be useful for producing game trailers efficiently and utilizing them effectively.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.45-49
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• 2016

It may be summarized to four kinds of innovation through global convergence, and the convergence of adjacent areas according to mega-trends in medical services market and actively introduced ICT technologies, public and private partnership. Health care is no longer a local industry, it is becoming Global Convergence. In the case of developed countries, it is increased to income levels, the development of new medical technologies, while the increase in specialized medical services and need of aging population. It increases migration of foreign medical personnel, geographical proximity and choice of the best medical technology, regardless of the cost. The increasing demand for high quality yet relatively low foreign prices of medical services. Hospitals are especially spread of international certification such as the US JCI standards. Hospital exports are being evaluated and opened the way for the export industrialization as ICT convergence hospital that can be exported to the fusion-related technologies more efficiently. Current local hospital has already reached saturation, globalization of Korean hospital is being the time necessary. Thus, unlike a strategy for each country, as well as technology transfer it is also possible, such as total exports provided the building, medical equipment procurement, local medical personnel (doctors and nurses) selection and training, PR and marketing. In the current medical law and need to be revised prospectively maintained for publicity and abroad, there is a need for further legal dragons and actively support a more flexible policy on the application of national law overseas medical services.