• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.39-56
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• 2011

This study proposed a traffic accident prediction model developed based on administrative districts of Seoul. The model was to find the relationship between accident rates and the representative land usage of the districts (development density) - the higher the development density (building floor area) is, the higher the traffic accident rate is. The findings showed that traffic accident statistics differ from (1) residential building floor area, (2) commercial building floor area and (3) business building floor area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.25-37
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• 1997

접든성통제는 고속도로에 있어서 교통사고 감소의 가장 효과적인 수단들 중의 하나로 인식되어져왔다. 이러한 접근통제의 새로운 적용으로서 접근성관리는 과도한 투자 없이 일반도로상에서 교통사고를 감소시키는데 활용되고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 도시간선도로상에 있어서 접근성관리와 교통사고와의 관계를 교통사고비용의 측면에서 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해, 이 연구는 미국 텍사스주 대도시 지역내 중앙분리간선도로의 교통사고자료를 다중회귀모형을 이용하여 분석하였다. 이 연구는 자료분석의 결과 다음과 같은 사실을 발견할 수 있었다. 첫째, 접근성관리는 도시간선도로의 교통사고비용과 밀접한 관계를 가지고 있었다. 둘째, 이러한 접근성관리와 교통사고비용과의 관계는 도로의 교통상황과 도로변 토지이용상태에 따라 다양하게 나타났다. 셋째, 대체로 접근성관리와 관련된 요인이 교통상황 및 토지이용상태에 관련된 요인보다 더 교통사고비용과 밀접한 관계를 보였다. 마지막으로, 교통사고비용을 설명하는데 있어 가장 중용한 접근성 관리 요인은 외부접근로의 간격으로 나타났다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.155-160
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• 2008

The urban areas have various landuses such as residential, commercial, industrial and official purposes that are highly concerned with human activities. The other landuses are relating to vehicle activities, which are roads, parking lots, bridges, parks etc. The mainly using landuses by human activities are possessing three different areas that are buildings, parking lots/roads and landscapes. Of these areas, the buildings and landscapes can be classified as non-pollution areas. However, the parking lots or roads are classifying as the main pollution areas because of vehicle activities. Therefore, the landuses arising the nonpoint pollution during a storm in urban areas are roads and parking lots. The vehicles are emitting lots of nonpoint pollutants such as metals and particulate matters and it is impacting on water qualities and aqua-ecosystems nearby the city areas. Therefore, this research was conducted for characterizing the pollutant types and determining the EMCs (Event Mean Concentrations) and unit pollutant loads during a storm. The monitoring was performed on 9 locations such as highways, service area, tollgates, parking lot and bridges. All of the landuses selected for monitoring are concerned with transportation. The results can be effectively used to predict the pollutant loading before urban planning and to select the BMPs (Best Management Practices) for reducing the pollution.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.29-52
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to pursue a case study of urban land use and transportation linkage policies based on a British city of Cardiff, Wales. To this end, the paper combines a review and synthesis of available land use and transportation planning sources, and a series of interviews with planners and a extensive survey of planning policy documents to assess the effectiveness of policy instruments in the city context. Considerable emphasis is placed on the analysis of the British land use and transportation planning in terms of the Policy guidance notes 11, 12 and 13 as well as the local transport policy guidance. The paper highlights the fact that the Cardiff unitary development plan and the local transport plan form a policy framework of integrating land use and transportation planning process, employing travel demand management schemes and implementing the various strategy components on the overall aim of achieving and maintaining a sustainable city.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.4D
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• pp.467-472
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• 2009

Even if Seoul City administration improved its public transportation service, transportation model share in seoul has not been increased. Subway user is also decreasing. Therefore, policy transition into TOD(Transit Oriented Development) should be applied in oder to enhance subway modal share. This paper develops a influencing model by using variables of transportation demand and supply. In addition, it provides major influencing factors for users in subway station area and level of transportation supply based on the analysis results. The results show that: first, cluster analysis presents that traffic pattern is proved to be different according to land use characteristics(residence, non-residence); second, main transportation variables such as transferring distance, the number of bus stop, the number of short distant bus lines, and the number of bicycle are more supplied in residential area compared to non-residential areas; third, the number of lines, bus dispatching interval, operating time, and distance between subway stations are more supplied in non-residential areas than residential areas. All in all, the results will be useful for providing priority of considerations in case of decision-making on public transportation policy in subway station area.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.20-33
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• 2018

Population distribution in urban space varies with transportation flow changing along time of day. Transportation flow is directly affected by the activities of urbanites and the distribution of related facilities, since the flow is the result of moving to the point where the facilities associated with their activities are located. It is thus necessary to analyze the spatio-temporal characteristics of the urban population distribution by integrating the distribution of activity spaces related to the daily life of urbanites and the flow of transportation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the population distribution in urban space with daily and weekly time bases using the building database and T-card database in the city of Seoul, which is rich in information on land use and transportation flow. For a time-based analysis that is difficult to grasp by general statistical techniques, a four-dimensional visualization method combining time and space using a Java program is devised. Dynamic visualization in the four-dimensional space and time allows intuitive analysis and makes it possible to understand more effectively the spatio-temporal characteristics of population distribution. For this purpose, buildings are classified into three activity groups: residential, working, and commercial according to their purpose, and the number of passengers traveling to and from each stop site of bus and subway networks in the T-card database for one week is calculated in one-minute increments, Visualizing these and integrating transportation and land use, we analyze spatio-temporal characteristics of the population distribution in Seoul. As a result, it is found that the population distribution of Seoul displays distinct spatio-temporal characteristics according to land use. In particular, there is a clear difference in the population distribution pattern along the time axis according to the mixed aspects of working, commercial, and residential activities. The results of this study can be very useful for transportation and location planning of city facilities.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.19-37
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to confirm a structural relationship on factors affecting ratio of public transportation spending to a car-owning household's total transportation expenditure. For this purpose, informations of household's attributes and activities were gathered using the 13th Korean Labor and Income Panel Study (KLIPS), and information of land-use and transportation conditions on their residential locations was collected and processed. A structural equation model (SEM) on determinants affecting ratio of public transportation expenditure was constructed, based on an execution result of factor analysis using the analyzing database. The latent variables were derived as land-use/transportation characteristic, household's attribute and household's activity. In the analyzing result of the SEM, the entire latent variables were significant. And, the first two latent variables had positive influences, and the last latent variable had a negative impact. To promote public transportation use of the car-owning households, this study suggests that the policies such as enhancement of convenience in public transportation use for the household's activities and improvement of the land-use/transport conditions are required.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.81-91
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• 2019

Although the number of users of urban railways is greatly influenced by the land use plan around the railway station, Korea has been studying this problem in a small scale, so that the entrance width is uniformly calculated irrespective of the land use plan, And there is little deviation. Therefore, this study aims to establish a demand estimation model for the entrance and exit of urban railway stations. For this purpose, the demand, land use area, and socioeconomic indicators for each of the 20 urban railway stations were surveyed at 200m and 500m Regression model. The model is based on the assumption that the dependent variable (response variable) of the model is set to 1 day, peak 1 hour, peak time 5 minutes, Education, and park) and socioeconomic indicators (population, employer, employee, and student) as independent variables (explanatory variables). As a result, it was analyzed that the fit of the model is more statistically significant when the use area of the land use by 500 meters of the center radius of the city rail is used as an independent variable and the demand for the daily use of the railway station is used as a dependent variable. The purpose of this study is to estimate the optimal size of urban railway entrance in order to improve the mobility of the user and the transportation weak in urban railway station.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.159-159
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• 2012

유역의 도시화는 지체시간, 첨두유량 및 총 유출량 등 홍수 유출특성 뿐만 아니라 개발행위에 따른 토사유출특성 변화를 초래하는 등 다양한 문제를 유발하고 있다. 또한 인구증가, 산업발달, 교통량 증가로 인한 화석연료의 소비증가로 대기 중의 이산화탄소의 농도가 급증하여 기후변화에도 큰 영향을 미치고 있다. 이러한 지나친 도시화 진행을 억제하고 웰빙과 건강에 대한 관심 증대에 따라 저탄소 녹색사업의 일환으로 도시 녹지조성 계획이 진행되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 도시하천인 중랑천 ($288km^2$) 유역을 대상으로 도시화 진행에 따른 토지이용 변화가 강우-유출 특성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해, 중랑천 유역의 과거 (1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000) 토지 이용도로부터 각 항목별 면적변화 추이를 분석한 결과, 17.8%의 도시지역 면적 증가가 나타났다. 미래토지이용 예측을 위하여 CLUE-s (Conversion of Land Use change and its Effects) 모델을 이용하였다. 과거 토지이용 변화 특성을 분석하여 토지피복의 변화와 전이 특성값을 결정하였고, 이를 바탕으로 토지면적 시나리오, 변화 제한지역, 회귀식 결과와 토지이용 변화 특성에 따른 CLUE-s 모델을 이용하여 미래 토지이용변화 (2040, 2080) 모의를 실시하였다. 이러한 토지이용 변화에 따른 유출특성변화 모의를 위해, 물리적 기반의 준분포형 강우-유출 모형인 SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) 모형을 이용하였다. 모형의 적용성 평가를 위해, 매개변수 민감도 분석에 따른 도시유역 최적의 유출관련 매개변수를 선정하고 중랑교 지점의 일별 유출량자료(2000~2009)를 이용하여 보정 및 검증을 실시하였다. SWAT 모형의 검보정 후, 예측된 미래 토지이용도를 적용하여 과거와 현재, 미래 토지이용변화에 따른 유출특성변화를 비교분석하였다.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.67-76
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• 2009

The contribution of pollutant loadings from non-point source (NPS) to the four major rivers in Korea exceeded 22~37 % of the total loadings in 2004 and is expected to reach 60 % in 2020. Most of NPS loadings are coming from urban areas, especially from paved areas. Because of high imperviousness rate, many types of NPS pollutant are accumulating on the surface during dry periods. The accumulated pollutants are wash-off during a storm and highly degrading the water quality of receiving water bodies. For this reason, the Korean Ministry of Environment (MOE) developed the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) program to protect the water quality by managing the point source and NPS loadings. NPS has high uncertainties during a storm because of the characteristics of rainfall and watershed areas. The rainfall characteristics can affect on event mean concentrations (EMCs), mass loadings, flow rate, etc. Therefore, this research was performed to determine EMCs for rainfall ranges from transportation landuses such as road and parking lot. Two sites were monitored over 45 storm events during the 2006/06 through 2008/10 storm seasons. Mean TSS EMCs decrease as rainfall ranges increase and highest at less than 10mm rainfall. The results of this study can be used to determine the efficient scale of BMP facility considering specific rainfall range.