• School Mathematics
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.267-281
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to understand Preservice elementary teachers' knowledge about multiplication of fractions by focusing on their computation abilities, understanding of meanings, generating appropriate problem contexts and representations. A total of 115 preservice elementary teachers participated in the present study. The results of this study indicated that most of preservice elementary teachers have little difficulty in computing multiplication of fractions for right answers, but they have big difficulty in understanding meanings and generating appropriate problem contexts for multiplication of fractions when the multiplier is not an integer, called 'multiplier effect.' Likewise, the rate of appropriate representations surprisingly decreased for multiplication of fractions when the multiplier is not an integer. The findings also point out that an ability to make problem contexts is highly correlated with representations and meanings. This study implies that teacher education programs need to improve preservice elementary teachers' profound understanding of elementary mathematics in order to fundamentally improve the quality of teaching practices in classrooms.

• School Mathematics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.315-330
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• 2012

Mathematics educators have tried to teach mathematics to all students who are at any mathematical level by differentiated math instruction from late 1990s in Korea. The common differentiated math instruction separates students into two or three groups according to their mathematical ability and then different activities and tasks are given to each group. This kind of instruction fosters negative attitudes to mathematics to low level students and fix them at low level. So I investigated new mathematics instruction considering able students and low attainers at the same time. This new method is based on using open problems in math class. All students can respond to an open problem in different ways. If teachers could relate all varieties of answers got from students at every level to build good understanding the concept which the problem target at, low attainers could move to their potential developmental levels. This kind of instruction can change low math attainers' negative attitudes to good ones to mathematics and foster their confidence in performing mathematics.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.577-603
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to understand two geography student teachers' experience of practical knowledge on the geography classroom organization during their student teaching. I carried out a qualitative case study on the geography classroom organization and its practice. Data was gathered through participant observation and in-deep interview. The results are as follows: 1) I present portraits two pre-service geography teachers' lives, which represent typical case of intrinsic deep motivation and spontaneous interest in subject matter. 2) Their classroom are organized $9{\sim}14$ segment, its segment organizations in introduction close steps and main lesson step behave differently. The segment activities in close step behave most irregularly. 3) In the reflection rubric, the level of their reflection is middle, mostly concentrated on 'technical' or 'dialogue' level. On the basis of these findings, it can be concluded that a different way of understanding the relationship between knowing to teach and knowing about teaching is necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 2006

study was to explore the patterns and the characteristics of students' interactive argumentation in the middle school science classes. The data were collected by observing and audiotaping the small-group discussions and the transcribed data were analyzed through the lens of Toulmin's argument frame. As the results, the three argumentation patterns, which could be combined different ideas with or without their warrants, were presented. In the first pattern, the argumentation including the claim and its warrant without any different ideas, the students argumentation did not have any conflict with each other in the discussions. In the second, the argumentation of different ideas without their warrants, the different ideas did not affect the claim. In the last, the argumentation of different ideas with their warrants, the students elaborated the claim through collaborative argumentation in search for the warrant. To understand and improve student discussions in the science classrooms, conclusion and implications were discussed based on the results.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.15-25
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to reveal the process of forming a community in the school and to present the basic data necessary for the establishment of a social sustainable environment and space for future school space. In addition to a new awareness of time, it was carried out to help students understand the community forming space in the school. The purpose of this study was to investigate the formation process and characteristics of resting time community in the school. As a result of the analysis on the formation of community space in the school, there were many opinions that community space for social communication and interaction promotion in school is all without difference by gender and grade, and as a space which is considered to be most suitable as community space. A hallway alcove space, a small space adjacent to the classroom, and a multipurpose staircase. In addition, students wanted to make the communication activities such as meeting, communication, relaxation, and social exchange into the hall and corridor space in the corridor as the most desirable community space.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.38-47
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• 2020

This study is designed as a one group pretest-posttest design the practice to investigate the effects of convergence cadaver practice on nursing professionalism and major satisfaction of nursing students. The participants were 133 nursing students who were in the anatomy course of M college from October 1 to October 30, 2018. The nursing professionalism resulted in changes from 3.50±.87 before the convergence cadaver practice to 3.44±.98 (t=.98, p<.330) after the convergence cadaver practice, and major satisfaction changed from 3.83±.81 before the convergence cadaver practice to 3.91±.78 (t=-.95, p<.345) after the convergence cadaver practice. The correlation between nursing professionalism and major satisfaction showed a positive correlation (r=.54, p>.001). Partial results of sub-areas showed increase, however, future studies that aim to develop and investigate the effects of specific convergence education program which includes cadaver practice to enhance qualitative structure of specialized foundation knowledge are needed.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.247-252
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• 2019

In order to identify the major stressors of some college students and their relationship with oral habits, a questionnaire survey was conducted for 299 male and female college students in Sunmoon University located in Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do. As a result convergence study of analyzing stress by college students, the relationship between health and interpersonal relationship among the causes of stress was statistically significant. Based on the above studies, the incidence of oral habits caused by the stress of college students was very high. Considering that the stress factors that occur during college life cannot be completely excluded, it is necessary to have an education framework on improving stress self-recognition, control, and bad habits.

• Journal of the Korean Medical Association
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• v.61 no.11
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• pp.687-698
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• 2018

Inappropriate antibiotic use significantly contributes to antibiotic resistance, resulting in reduced antibiotic efficacy and an increased burden of disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of prescribers whose antibiotics use was high and to explore factors affecting the use of antibiotics by medical institutions. This study analyzed the National Health Insurance claims data from 2015. Antibiotic prescription data were analyzed in terms of the number of defined daily doses per 1,000 patients per day, according to the World Health Organization anatomical-therapeutic-chemical classification and methodologies for measuring the defined daily dose. We investigated the characteristics of prescribers and medical institutions with high antibiotic use. Multivariate regression analyses were performed on the basis of characteristics of the medical institution (number of patients, type of medical institution [hospital or clinic], age of the physician, etc.). The number of patients and number of beds were found to be significant factors affecting antibiotic use in hospitals, and the number of patients, region, and medical department were significant factors affecting antibiotic use at the level of medical institutions. These findings are expected to help policy-makers to better target future interventions to promote prudent antibiotic prescription.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.131-139
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• 2019

This study is the purpose of effective safety education measures for special school teachers with intellectual disabilities on the status of safety accidents and preventive education. In summary, the results show that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the safety education activities of teachers at special schools with intellectual disabilities, safety education environment, safety education recognition, safety education knowledge, safety resources and training experience, and internal and external factors. Overall, the experience of safety accidents by teachers is higher than expected, and the practice of safety education to prevent the occurrence of various places, times, and types such as classrooms, staircases, auditoriums, and rides. The practice of safety education to prevent this also indicated that the safety resources of special school teachers and opportunities for training experiences should be expanded more by presenting safety data, knowledge, awareness, and education activities in order.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.349-353
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• 2021

This study is a review study attempted to analyze the current situation of surgical robots based on previous research on surgical robots in the era of the 4th revolution, and to forecast the future direction of surgical robots. Surgical robots have made full progress since the launch of the da Vinci and the surgical robot is playing a role of supporting the surgeries of the surgeons or the master-slave method reflecting the intention of the surgeons. Recently, technologies are being developed to combine artificial intelligence and big data with surgical robots, and to commercialize a universal platform rather than a platform dedicated to surgery. Moreover, technologies for automating surgical robots are being developed by generating 3D image data based on diagnostic image data, providing real-time images, and integrating image data into one system. For the development of surgical robots, cooperation with clinicians and engineers, safety management of surgical robot, and institutional support for the use of surgical robots will be required.