• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.47 no.11
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• pp.30-36
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• 2010

In recent memories, repair is an unavoidable method to maintain its yield and quality. Although many word oriented memories as well as embedded memories in system-on-chip (SOC) consists of multiple local memory blocks with a global spare architecture, most of previous studies on built-in redundancy analysis (BIRA) algorithms have focused on single memory block with a local spare architecture. In this paper, a new BIRA algorithm for multiple blocks with a global spare architecture is proposed. The proposed BIRA is basd on CRESTA which is able to achieve optimal repair rate with almost zero analysis time. In the proposed BIRA, all repair solutions for local memory blocks are analyzed by local analyzers which belong to each local memory block and then compared sequentially and judged whether each solution can meet the limitation of the global spare architecture or not. Experimental results show that the proposed BIRA achieves much faster analysis speed compared to previous BIRAs with an optimal repair rate.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.246-255
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• 1996

A mild slope equation of parabolic type is derived with the revision of the 2nd order differential term and a new approach for the application to large area is presented. The replacement with long waves can overcome the numerical difficulty due to small waves over the system of large grid sizes. No matter how long the replaced wave length is, the refraction and shoaling are maintained by toeing its own wave speed and group velocity, respectively. However, the diffraction effect is modified by means of Eikonal equation. The developed numerical model was applied to the shoal of Ito and Tanimoto (1972) to yield the satisfactory results.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.41-48
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• 2009

This study investigated the characteristics of spatial expansion/centralization and the spatial structural change of urban. The data used in analysis were urban population, employment, building floor area, and land price. The analysis was performed for the data of 1995, 2000, and 2005 during 10 years after 1995. The method of research was as follows; The movement of mean center and standard distance/standard deviation ellipse was estimated to investigate the urban growth change. The result of Moran's I analysis showed a clustered pattern, not a dispersed pattern, however; the effect was not significant. The town area requires the well-ordered urban planning such as land use. The contours map demonstrates that a monopole structure was generally transformed into a multicentralization structure. The development of mutural connection axis among central street roads was fragile.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.194-194
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• 2010

태양전지용 투명전도막에 사용되는 Al-doped ZnO (AZO) 막은 저가이면서도 가시광역 영역에서 갖는 우수한 투과율과 낮은 비저항을 갖는 특성 때문에 ITO의 대체 재료로서 최근 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 특히, 양산 현장에서는 in-line type의 대형 sputtering system에서 증착하고 있으며 높은 증착 속도와 박막 특성의 균일도가 중요한 과제다. 본 연구에서는 $2\;m\;{\times}\;1\;m\;{\times}\;0.2\;m$의 sputtering system에서 기판 캐리어를 이용해서 커다란 기판을 좁고 긴 타겟의 양쪽으로 왕복 운동을 하는 swing dynamic deposition 방법으로 $272\;mm\;{\times}\;500\;mm$ 크기의 AZO target (Al 2 wt%)을 이용하여 bipolar pulsed dc로 증착하였다. 이 시스템의 배기는 TMP와 cryo pump를 이용해서 $5\;{\times}\;10^{-7}\;Torr$의 기본 진공도를 얻으며, 공정 중에는 TMP만 사용하였다. 하지만, 본 시스템의 TMP는 비대칭 적으로 한쪽에 치우쳐 설치되어 있는데, 이것이 챔버 내에서 공정 가스인 Ar의 유동의 불균일도를 초래하게 되며, 그것이 증착되는 박막의 두께 균일도 및 특성 균일도에 영향을 주고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 다른 기본 진공도에서 증착된 AZO 박막의 특성 차이를 알아보고 비대칭 배기 구조가 in-line type 시스템에서 어떠한 두께 및 특성 불균일도를 가져오는지, 그리고 시스템 내부에 발생시키는 압력 불균일도를 상용 3차원 전산 유체해석 프로그램인 CFD-ACE+를 이용하여 분석하였다.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.8C no.4
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• pp.421-428
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• 2001

위성통신 시스템은 기존의 지상망이나 광 케이블 기술에 비해 통신 대역폭의 유연성과 다중 접속 능력, 이동 통신, 광역성, 멀티포인트 및 브로드캐스팅 등의 고유의 특징으로 인해 초 고속 정보 통신망 구축에 중요한 역할을 할 것이다. 또한 위성통신은 앞으로 도래할 브로드 캐스팅 및 멀티미디어 서비스 등의 통신환경을 지원하며, 지상중계망의 장애 및 트래픽 폭 주시에 대체경로를 제공함으로써 지상망 중심으로 진화·발전되어 온 B-ISDN망과 상호 보 완적인 보완망으로서의 역할을 수행할 것이다. 따라서 지상 B-ISDN과 위성망의 통합은 지 상망의 효율성고 안정성을 향상시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 국가의 모든 통신망을 하나의 정 보 통신망으로 구성하여 국가의 정보를 효율적으로 이용, 관리 및 운용할 수 있기 때문에 위성망과 B-ISDN간의 연동에 대한 연구는 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 OBP(On-Board Processing) 탑재 위성 B-ISDN 중계망의 호 처리 절차 연구를 수행하는 것으로서, 위성 B-ISDN 구조와 각 지구국별 신호 기능 및 B-ISDN 신호 시스템인 DSS2(Digital Subscriber Signalling No.2) 계층 3 신호 프로토콜, B-ISUP(B-ISDN User Part) 프로토콜, S-BISUP(Satellite BISUP) 프로토콜의 구조를 분석하였다. 또한 점-대-다지점 연결을 위한 B-ISDN의 연결과 소유권 및 각각의 프로토콜에 대한 메시지와 프리미티브를 정의하여, 이 를 토대로 OBP 탑재 위성 B-ISDN 중계망 연동을 위한 기본 호 처리 절차를 설계 및 검증 하고, 이를 구현하였다.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

In these days, the development of optical fiber sensor technology is so remarkable that it can measure various physical and chemical quantities ranging from a few millimeters to over several kilometers. In addition, it is attempted to assess the structural integrity of the state of the advanced technologies and existing structures such as ships, aircrafts, and bridges. This paper introduced the case histories of the measuring technology of optical fiber applied on structures such as roads and tunnels. The case history using OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometery) was also introduced in this paper. Measurement of the pre-convergence of a tunnel is essential to assess the safety of a tunnel and understand the geological conditions ahead of an advancing tunnel. Therefore, the pre-convergence measuring technology using OTDR is expected to substitute conventional measuring techniques.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.120-131
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• 2009

This study measured the centripetal force and effective scope of the population spread from urban center and subcenters in order to diagnose the urban spatial structure of the formation of a multicentric city structure in Busan. The study analyzed the variability of the determination coefficient value (R square) with a negative exponential function derived from the population density model by extending the circular region into 5-km units. The aim of this study was to measure changes in the effective scope of the population centripetal force of the urban center and subcenter in 5-year intervals from 1995 to 2005 using census data. The explanatory adequacy of the population density function was examined with the bias of the function to calculate the distance error between the real location of the urban center and the optimal location, according to the population density function. To summarize the results, the value for the area of Jungangdong showed a continuous reduction, whereas Seomyeon (Bujeondong) maintained explanatory adequacy without a large change. As a whole, Busan was in the process of continuous diversification, in spite of its reduced population. Therefore, it appears necessary to strengthen the function of the urban center and subcenter and to supply adequate dwelling zones close to downtown to form a more efficient urban spatial structure. The results of the present study will be utilized as basic data for the formulation of a political approach to the efficient reorganization of spatial structure by correlating concrete spatial information with the population variability of Busan's urban center and subcenter.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2017

This paper analyzes empirically how the three main industries (petrochemical industry, shipbuilding industry, automobile industry) that are driving the growth of Ulsan region in 2005~2013 have grown by what factors. For this purpose, we investigate the structural changes of the three main industries by using regional input-output tables announced by the Bank of Korea and examine the growth contribution rate of each industry that is divided into domestic final demand, export demand, import substitution for final goods, import substitution for intermediate goods and technological change, respectively. The growth rate of gross output and aggregate demand in petrochemical and automobile industries increased in 2010-1013 compared to 2005-2010, but the growth rate of gross output and aggregate demand in shipbuilding industry slowed down. As a result of analysis of factors contributing to the increase in gross output of the three main industries, export demand has the greatest effect. By industry, the rate of growth contribution of export demand in petrochemical industry is recorded as 209.23% in 2005-2010 and 113.78% in 2010-2013, respectively. The rate of growth contribution of export demand in automobile industry is recorded as 258.72% in 2005-2010 and 72.69% in 2010-2013, respectively. On the other hand, the rate of growth contribution of export demand in shipbuilding industry is recorded as 94.47% in 2005-2010, but it decreased to -255.32% in 2010-2013. Analysis of growth factors of Ulsan's three main industries is expected to serve as the basis for reorganizing related industrial policies and establishing them.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

This study examined geological characteristics of a wetland in Mountain Geumjeong in Busan Metropolitan City. Field survey and laboratory tests were performed to identify topographic features, geological and structural geological characteristics, rock strength along the distance from the wetland, soil profile in the wetland, and chemical property of the wetland soil. The bedrock of the wetland consists of hornblende granite. Hornblende granite and rhyolitic rock around the wetland have the joints with strikes of N-S, E-W, and NE-SW directions and with higher dips greater than $60^{\circ}$. Lower rock strength and higher weathering grades take place towards the wetlands. According to X-ray diffraction analysis of wetland soil samples, kaolinite, montmorillonite, and gibbsite appear which demonstrate weathered products of feldspars in the hornblende granite. The soil profile in the wetland comprises O, A, B, and C horizons from the land surface. The contents of the organic matters decrease from shallow parts to deeper parts of the soil profile. In addition, $K^+$ and $Na^+$ originating from the weathering of feldspars are dominant components among inorganic ions in the wetland soil.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.309-320
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• 1985

The crustal structure of the southern part of the Korean peninsula has been investigated based on the results of processing and anlaysis of gravity data. The processing techniques involve i) seperation of regional and residual anomalies by polynomial fittings, ii) power spectral analyses to determine the mean depth to the crustal base, iii) a filtering operation called "high-cut filtering and resampling," and iv) downward continuation to determine the undulation of the crustal base. The Bouguer anomalies show a lineation in the NE-SW direction which is the same as that of most mountains and tectonic lines of this area. The mean crustal depth is found to be 34km. The depth of the crustal base is varying in the estimated range of 26km to 36km with a thinner crust below the east coast than that of the west coast. The relief of the crustal base is appeared to be correlated with the regional surface topography. The linear regression relations computed between elevations and gravity anomalies indicate that the crust of this area seems to be not in perfect isostatic equilibrium but a little undercompensated state.