• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.179-188
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• 2015

This study reviewed the type of the project and developmental plan related to ocean energy development in the coastal land boundaries and the ocean, and suggested the efficient scoping method through the diagnosis of the key items of environmental impact assessment (EIA) in the coastal area. The major projects are the construction of tidal power plant, tidal current power plant, and offshore wind power plant in the public water, and also those are the construction of solar power plants in the coastal land boundaries. While the project plans on a large scale such as the construction of tidal power plant, it is important to consider both property of usefulness of the designated areas and harmony analysis with marine space availability based on the adequacy of the site selection and relevance of plan with the master plan for reclamation and strategic environmental assessment (SEA). And also it needs to be considered the careful checkup on the EIA checklist referring to the type of project, effective post-monitoring, and suggestion of mitigating methods to minimize the environmental impacts during the stage of actual environmental impact assessment. Introduction of a system of integrated marine environmental impact assessment should be considered for reasonable and effective manage to developmental projects on the marine spatial area.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.469-477
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• 2017

Cloud computing is an IT resource providing technology to various users by using virtualization technology. Newly updated spatial information may not be used by other organizations since management authorities are dispersed for Korean public spatial information. Further, the national budget is wasted since each organization independently implements renewable GIS analysis function. These problems can be solved by applying cloud service. However, research related to the application of cloud service to Korea spatial information system has been proposed in the technology development direction, and no detailed development plan has been proposed. In this paper, we deal with the establishment of a technology development plan for national spatial information infrastructure cloud service. First, we deduct the implication to derive the technology development goals by analyzing the political and technical environment. Second, technology and critical technology elements are derived to achieve the goals of the specialist's analysis based on the evaluation elements. As a result, thirteen critical technology elements are derived. Finally, thirty-one research activities, which comprise the critical technology elements, are defined. Critical technology elements and research activities derived in this research will be used for the generation of a technology development road-map.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2018

Buses, one of the representative public transportation modes, are divided into a vareity of service types according to the purpose of operation, operating distance, and management agencies. Although bus-involved crashes may cause large amount of damage due to the higher number of passengers boarded on a bus, prior research has little focused on crash severity according to bus service types. This study aims to investigate factors influencing crash severity in bus-involved crashes and to present policy implications to reduce crash severity by bus service type. To do this, bus-involved crash data from the Traffic Accident Analysis System (TAAS) during five-year period are used. Ordered probit models for three types of bus service, i.e., city bus, suburban and express buses, and charter buses, are estimated to analyze the factors of accident severity. The results show that there are significant differences of factors affecting crash severity among the types of bus services while speed and road surface influence all the types of buses. In case of local buses, time of day, roadway alignment, and installation of a traffic signal are found to be statistically significant factors. Seat belt and road class have significant effects on injury severity of the intercity and express buses. Chartered buses have time of day, driving experience, seatbelt, traffic signal, and day of week as the significant factors. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the reduction of the crash severity by each bus service type.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.8-8
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• 2011

인류는 자연으로부터 식량과 질병 치료를 위하여 자연스럽게 약초를 얻을 수 있었다. 약 6만 년 전 네안데르탈인의 무덤에서 오늘날 향료로 쓰이는 약초가 발견 될 정도로 인류가 약초를 이용한 역사는 오래 되었다. 약초는 난치병, 노화, 성인병 등 현대의학에서 미비점을 보완하는 대체의약 산업의 원료이자 새로운 생물자원의 보고로서, 그 중요성이 커지고 있다. 새로운 생물자원 소재로 약초는 약용성분을 함유한 식물자원의 확보 및 개발 등 고부가산업의 소재로 선진국에서 연구개발의 경쟁이 치열하며, 약초산업은 천연소재 신약과 기능성 식품, 화장품, 생활용품 등으로 확대되고 있다. 의약품 분야에서는 새로운 시대의 중요한 생명산업으로서 약초는 한약뿐 아니라 신약 개발을 위한 소재로도 부각되고 있으며, 항암제인 택솔, 신종플루 치료제인 타미플루 등 천연물 약의 가능성은 이미 증명되었다. 식품 분야에서는 재배기술 발달과 웰빙 트렌드 속에서 약초는 신선채소와 기능성 식품으로 변신하고 있다. 한약재의 이미지를 벗어난 약초는 음료와 과자, 술 등으로 활용되고, 비빔밥 등 다양한 약선음식으로도 개발되고 있다. 산업소재의 활용분야에서는 약초는 특히 화장품 산업의 소재로 각광받고 있다. 이미 다양한 화장품 회사에서 한방화장품을 출시하여 세계 속으로 진출하고 있다. 또한 약초는 천연 색소이자 생활 용품의 소재로 활용되고 있는데, 약초를 활용한 염색약과 여성 생리대, 샴푸 등의 인기가 높다. 약초산업의 부가가치 증대를 위하여 한약재 위주의 약초산업을 천연물 신약, 기능성 식품, 화장품, 산업 소재 등 고부가가치 시장으로 확장시키고, 우리 약초 산업의 세계화를 추진해야 한다. 연구개발 투자 확대와 빠르게 변화하는 시장을 반영하여 연구 방향을 수립하고, 산학연 및 생산자단체 등과 새로운 약초 산업의 블루오션 창출을 위해 협력을 해야 할 것이다. 또한 약초의 생산기술 안정화를 통해 산업화 기반을 구축하여, 약초 공급의 안정화, 약초 생산 농가 소득 안정화가 필요하며, 마지막으로 변해가는 약초 산업의 트렌드에 부응할 수 있는 품질관리와 유통 질서 확립을 위한 정책과 제도의 선진화가 뒷받침 되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.275-289
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• 2018

It is necessary to develop a bridgehead port for trading with northern countries to promote trade through the East Sea because the East Sea Rim economic bloc around the Northeast Asia including South Korea, China, Russia, Japan, and North Korea has a high growth potential in the future. Therefore, this study aims to suggest a strategic direction to enhance the competitiveness of Donghae Port through reinforcement of container cargoes by conducting Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) for stakeholders of Donghae Port. The analysis results suggest that it is necessary to improve the five evaluation factors: attractiveness of container and bulk volumes, appropriate ratio of export/import container quantities, frequency of vessel entry and diversity of sea routes, convenience of complex linked transportation, and competitiveness of cargo handling equipment. The implications of this study are as follows. First, it is necessary to continuously research the current status of container and bulk cargo volumes of the port and ways to increase the absolute cargo volume. Second, we need to consider realistic alternatives to improve the ratio of export/import container quantities. Third, in terms of network, we should establish a service improvement plan to increase the frequency of port calls and the diversity of sea routes. Furthermore, incentives should be provided to increase the trade volume of Donghae Port through strengthened complex linked transportation function. Finally, it is urgently necessary to provide investment support for container handling equipment as an essential requirement for the activation of the container cargoes in Donghae Port.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.4
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• pp.646-654
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to draw policy implications for the development and expansion of Korea's forest ODA through investigating the perceptions of stakeholder on the fields that contributed the development of forestry in Korea and would have competitiveness in developing countries and priority fields for Korea's forest ODA. For this, the survey was conducted for 248 subjects from the general and expert stakeholder groups. Chi-square test in cross analysis, independent sample t-test, ANOVA and Duncan test were conducted to compare the difference of perceptions by group. The whole general and expert groups consider that 'forest conservation and rehabilitation' contributed to the development of Korea's forestry most and consider its global competitiveness most high. Comparing expert groups, ODA experts evaluated the competitiveness of 'capacity building for policies, institutions and research' higher than the forestry experts. For priority fields of Korea's forest ODA, general groups perceived 'management of CERs' and 'conservation of biodiversity' most important, showing the clear difference in perception compared to that of experts. In Conclusion, for the effective forest ODA of Korea, the effort to fill the gap between the general and expert groups needs to be made, as well as developing forestry capacity building programs to cope with the fields such as climate change adaptation and biodiversity conservation, which is newly required in a global society, in addition to using the past experience of forest rehabilitation in Korea. It will be useful for the rehabilitation of North Korea's forest in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.43-49
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• 2000

That modem society is an information society, information society has placed a high value on information and knowledge. Therefore, modem civilization depends largely on information and knowlege so the most valuable sources of all intelligence activities. This paper was studied on the new developmental direction for intelligent network service. The results of this study is as follow: first, intelligent network service must be systematic development. Second, intelligent network service must be promoted, presenting the development and establishment direction in future society. Third, intelligent network service must be able to unify ail the networks. Fourth, intelligent network service must be development for customers. Fifth, the cost of intelligent network service is determined by Telecommunication Reguration Commission. Sixth, the number system of intelligent network service must be accomplished by number system for future

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.114-124
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the modern history of public health(PH) and suggest a way forward for PH nursing(PHN). Methods: This paper is a review article that derives results from literature review. Results: In the period of beginning (up to 1944), PHN began as the PH Department was created in the Hygiene Bureau in 1908 and tasks about nurses were legislated. PHN was limited to infectious disease tasks and performed mostly by missionaries. In the period of foundation formation (1945 to 1961), the Republic of Korea was founded, and PH policies and tasks were defined with the establishment of the central government organization and the applicable laws. In the period of foundation establishment (1962 to 1979), the Regional PH Act was amended, and as a result, PH Centers(PHCs) spread across the country. In the period of foundation expansion (1980 to 1994), the PH referral system of PHCs, PH Units, and Primary Health Care Post was established. In the period of organization in each area (1995 to 2005), PH programs reflecting changes in disease structure and public needs for the quality of life. A regional health care plan was launched. In the period of funtion expansion (2006 to present day), Centers for support health living were established. Conclusions: In the future, PH nurses need to have a macroscopic perspective that views PH through the overall PH system, and to expand from the existing healthcare concept to the national and global healthcare one.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.142-146
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to evaluate topographic characteristics revealed in the predicted distribution areas of Aporia crataegi, according to climate change. Towards this end, this study compared the differences of topographic factors, such as altitude, mountain slope and the aspect of slope, in the distribution areas with different potential inhabitation possibilities of the Aporia crataegi. The inhabitation possibilities of the Aporia crataegi were different, according to altitude and topographic slope, and the inhabitation possibility is judged to be affected more by the topographic conditions including altitude and mountain slope than by the aspect of slope. Especially, the inhabitation possibility of the Aporia crataegi was higher in the higher altitude area, as time goes on furthermore. The reason is that the current climate environment, which is suitable for the potential inhabitation of the Aporia crataegi, is forecast to be formed with an area with high altitude. Although the difference in the aspect of slope was not statistically significant according to inhabitation possibility, the reason why the inhabitation possibility of the Aporia crataegi varies in the mainly southeast slope is conjectured to be derived from the warmer heat environmental condition to grow from a larva into an imago. The result drawn in this study is expected to be utilized as basic data to establish a policy soundly preserving and managing the habitat of biospecies in consideration of climate change and topographic conditions in the natural ecosystem field by using the already built up various biological resources information.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.144-155
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• 2020

This research developed an approach to identify ecologically important areas at local scales and explained how the results of this approach could contribute to extend the protected areas in the Republic of Korea (ROK). While most developed countries have considered various biotic and abiotic factors, ecological processes, migration routes, habitat connectivity, ecosystem services, and etc. to determine the protected areas, ROK has considered a few factors focusing on biodiversity, landscape, and the habitats of endangered organisms. However, for sustainable management of our nature, we need comprehensive understanding of various ecosystem factors and interactions among them at local scales in designating protected areas. Forthis, we developed a conceptual model based on the ecological engineering approach and then explained how the results of this approach could contribute to extend the protected areas. In particular, we considered future land-use and climate change in determining the priority areas for novel protected areas. Our research suggested an effective methodology 1) to include various ecosystem factors and 2) to consider future environmental changes as well as current environmental conditions in finding the ecologically important areas and prioritizing these areas. However, our approach has limitations on the real-world applications due to the lack of fundamental information and data on our ecosystems. To improve the effectiveness of our approach in the real-world applications, we need various long-term ecological research results, environmental and ecological monitoring data, and both current and future spatial environmental data.