• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.53-53
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• 2017

연구목적: 국내 과일 산업의 한 단계 도약과 대외 경쟁력을 높이기 위해서는 수확작업의 기계화가 시급함. 이 연구는 국내외 과일 수확 기계화 현황과 문제점을 분석하고, 향후 수확작업 기계화 방향을 제시하고자 수행 수확기계 실용화 현황 및 고찰 (국내) 과일을 직접 수확이 아닌 수확 작업을 보조해주는 고지 작업기(수동형, 모터 진동형)와 고소 작업차가 대부분임. 수동형은 사과 감 등을 수확하지만, 작업능률이 낮고 작업자가 쉽게 피로하여 장시간 작업이 불가능하므로 실질적인 대안이 되지 못함. 진동형은 자체 동력을 이용하여 나무에 진동을 가하여 주로 대추 매실 등 소과류 수확에 이용되고, 수확능률은 우수하나 충격 손상이 많아 개선이 요구됨. 고소작업차는 동력원에 따라 충전식과 엔진식으로 구분되고, 충전식은 엔진식에 비해 진동 소음이 적어 쾌적하지만, 작업시간이 배터리 용량에 제한을 받음. 또한 작업대 작동방식에 따라 리프트형과 붐형으로 구분함. 리프트형은 리프트를 이용하여 작업대를 상하로 구동하는 방식으로 높은 위치의 과실 수확이 어렵고, 작업대 넓이 만큼의 작업 공간(과수간의 거리)이 필요함. 붐형은 필요한 곳으로 접근성이 우수하나 무거운 무게를 지탱하기 어렵기 때문에 본체를 무겁게 하거나 수시로 수확된 과일을 하차시켜야 함. (국외) 수확 후 가공되는 과일류와 포도 올리브 오렌지 매실 등 소과류 수확이 기계화되었지만, 사과 복숭아 등 신선과일은 아직도 외국의 값싼 노동자들에 의존하여 수확되고 있음. 현재 실용화된 수확 기계는 진동식 수확기계와 터널식 수확기계가 대표적임. 진동식은 집게형의 부착기를 나무 줄기에 고정한 후 트랙터 동력원으로 나무에 진동을 가하여 수확하고, 올리브 대추 등과 같은 소과류와 과피가 두꺼운 오렌지 등에 적용되고, 수확 작업능률이 매우 높으나 과일의 낙하 상처를 피할 수 없는 단점이 있음. 터널형은 규격화(과수 크기 및 형태, 재식거리)된 과수원에 잘 적응하도록 설계 제작되어, 과수 위를 지나가면서 내부에 설치된 진동장치와 컨테이너로 과일을 수확하고, 와인용 포도 수확기가 대표적임. 기계수확이 가능하도록 과수원 조성단계에서부터 재배양식(과수 좌우 및 전후 거리)을 기계의 제원(바퀴 간격, 작업부 간격 등)에 맞추어 재배함. 과일 수확로봇에 관한 연구는 활발하고 일부에서 실증시험단계에 있음. 결론: 구체적인 추진방향을 제시하면, 단기적으로는 과일 수확작업자의 작업편이성과 노동강도를 줄일 수 있도록 소형 저가 범용성이 우수한 보조기구/기계의 보급을 확대하고, 중장기적으로는 수확기계/수확로봇 개발을 위한 연구개발비 투자를 늘리는 동시에, 기계/로봇이 과수원에 잘 적응할 수 있도록 수형 재식거리 등 재배양식의 표준화가 추진되어야 함.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2002.02a
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• pp.210-216
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• 2002

본 연구는 오이 수확기 개발을 위해 메니퓰레이터를 설계 제작하였다. 실험에 사용한 3축 메니퓰레이터는 견고성, 내구성, 모멘트를 줄이기 위해 모터 및 감속기 등이 하중이 실리지 않는 곳에 장착하였다. 주요 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 3차원 공간상의 좌표에 대하여 메니퓰레이터의 10회 반복 위치 오차는 Z축에 관계없이 0.1mm 내외로 정확하게 작동하는 것으로 나타났다. 2) 실내 실험에서 25개의 오이에 대한 실험 결과 22개의 절단하여 92%의 성공률을 보였으나, 원인은 오이가 기형과이며, 수확한 후 시간이 경과하여 오이 과병의 물성이 변한 것으로 판단된다. 3) 실내 실험에서 오이 과병을 절단하지 못한 경우에도 메니퓰레이터는 오이에 0.1m 내외로 엔드이펙터을 접근시켰다. 4) 50개의 오이에 대하여 현장 실험을 한 결과 42개, 84%의 절단율을 보였다. 오차가 16% 발생한 것은 수확적기가 지나서 오이의 과병이 짧고 뭉툭해서 나타난 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.141-141
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• 2021

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.372-378
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• 1996

예냉(precooling)이란 과채류 수확시의 높은 품온을 일정한 수준까지 신속히 떨어뜨리는 작업이다. 과채류는 생명체이기 때문에 수확으로 인해 생리 환경이 크게 변하게 되어 고온과 외부 오염원에 매우 취약한 상태로 바뀌게 된다. 수확 직후의 품질 관리와 관련하여 가장 중요한 처리는 품질 유지에 적합한 수준까지 과채류의 품온을 낮추는 작업 과 미생물, 곤충 등과 같은 각종 오염원을 제거하는 작업이다. 과채류의 품온을 낮추기 위해 효과적으로 이용될 수 있는 처리 방법이 예냉이다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.54-54
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• 2018

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2022

The role of drones has been expanded to various fields such as agriculture, construction, and logistics. In particular, agriculture drones are emerging as an effective alternative to solve the problem of labor shortage and reduce the input cost. In this study therefore, we proposed the fruit recognition algorithm and harvesting mechanism for fruit harvesting drone system that can safely harvest fruits at high positions. In the fruit recognition algorithm, we employ "You-Only-Look-Once" which is a deep learning-based object detection algorithm and verify its feasibility by establishing a virtual simulation environment. In addition, we propose the fruit harvesting mechanism which can be operated by a single driving motor. The rotational motion of the motor is converted into a linear motion by the scotch yoke, and the opened gripper moves forward, grips a fruit and rotates it for harvesting. The feasibility of the proposed mechanism is verified by performing Multi-body dynamics analysis.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 1994

This experiment was conducted to know the labor saving effect and reducing production cost by agricultural mechanization in the cultivation of Bupleurum falcatum. Labor reducing effects of the drilling seeder by hand and the machine attached to two wheel tiller were 97%, but emergency rate was highest in the former. Dry root yield per plant was increased by low amount of seed sowing but that yield per unit area was increased at much seeding amount in the seeder attached to the tiller. The drilling seeder by hand was showed highest standing ratio of seedling and produced yield to 84.1kg of root yield per 10a. Labor saving effect was the best at the multipurposes mechanized harvester and labor saving and famer's income ratio were increased to 69% and 50% respectively. Labor time and cost were reduced to 74% and 69% respectively by mechanization of sowing and harvest cultivation practice on Bupleurum falcatum.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.360-366
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• 2021

Garlic is an important crop, accounting for 1.1 trillion won out of 3.7 trillion won for the total production of seasoned vegetables in Korea. On the other hand, the cultivation area and production volume are decreasing continuously due to the shortage of an agricultural labor force, aging, and insufficient mechanization. In particular, the mechanization of garlic sowing is barely performed, resulting in large amounts of labor. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanization of planting garlic. Therefore, in this study, to determine the optimal working conditions for mechanical sowing of garlic, an experiment was conducted to compare the yield according to the sowing angle and depth of garlic during sowing. After sowing using a seeding machine set under optimal conditions, the conventional work and yield were compared. The results showed that it is most appropriate to sow garlic with a sowing angle of 45° or 90° and a depth of 2 cm to 4 cm, and there is no difference in the yield between sowing with a sowing machine and conventional work.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.86 no.4
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• pp.450-458
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• 1997

It is inadequate to compare operating costs between some logging machines with a low rate of utilization of them except the effect of operating time. The operating volume to maximize the utilization of the logging machines is different from each other, thus it is important to choose the proper logging machines and operating system according to the size of logging management. This study presents one of the methods to choose the economical optimum logging machines according to the operating volume to promote the economical efficiency of the machines. In order to go ahead with the Korean forestry mechanization plan, it should be considered which machine or operating system has the economical priority and if it can be suitable to the effect of wage increment.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.95-104
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• 1976

This study was conducted to test the harvesting operation of two kinds of rice varieties such as Milyang #15 and Tong-il with a imported two furrow Japanese combine and was performed to find out the operational accuracy of it, the adaptability of this machine, and the feasibility of supplying this machine to rural area in Korea. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows; 1. The harvesting test of the Milyang #15 was carried out 5 times from the optimum harvesting operation was good regardless of its maturity. The field grain loss ratio and the rate of unthreshed paddy were all about 1 percent. 2. The field grain loss of Tong-il harvested was increased from 5.13% to 10.34% along its maturity as shown in Fig 1. In considering this, it was needed that the combine mechanism should be improved mechanically for harvesting of Tong-il rice variety. 3. The rate of unthreshed paddy of Tong-il rice variety of which stem was short was average 1.6 percent, because the sample combine used in this study was developed on basisof the long stem variety in Japan, therefore some ears owing to the uneven stem of Tong-il rice could nat reach the teeth of the threshing drum. 4. The cracking rates of brown rice depending mostly upon the revolution speed of the threshing drum(240-350 rpm) in harvesting of Tong-il and Milyang #15 were all below 1 percent, and there was no significance between two varieties. 5. Since the ears of Tong-il rice variety covered with its leaves, a lots of trashes was produced, especially when threshed in raw materials, and the cleaning and the trashout mechanisms were clogged with those trashes very often, and so these two mechanisms were needed for being improved. 6. The sample combine of which track pressure was $0.19kg/cm^2$ could drive on the soft ground of which sinking was even 25cm as shown in Fig 3. But in considering the reaping height adjustment, 5cm sinking may be afford to drive the combine on the irregular sinking level ground without any readjustment of the resaping height. 7. The harvesting expenses per ha. by the sample combine of which annual coverage area is 4.7 ha. under conditions that the yearly workable days is 40, percentage of days being good for harvesting operation is 60%, field efficiency is 56%, working speed is 0.273m/sec, and daily workable hours is 8 hrs is reasonable to spread this combine to rural area in Korea, comparing to the expenses by the conventional harvesting expenses, if mechanical improvement is supplemented so as to harvest Tong-il rice. 8. In order to harvest Tong-il rice, the two furrow combine should be needed some mechanical improvements that divider can control not to touch ears of paddy, the space between the feeding chain and the thrshing drum is reduced, trash treatment apparatus must be improved, fore and rear adjust-interval is enlarged, and width of track must be enlarged so as to drive on the soft ground.