• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2019.04a
• /
• pp.114-114
• /
• 2019

밤나무는 임업분에서 재배역사가 가장 오래된 임산물 중 하나로써 다양한 지역에서 재배되고 있다. 또한 우리나라의 대표적인 단기소득 임산물로서 1970년대부터 산림청에서 고소득 작목으로 적극 권장하면서 전국적으로 보급되었고 이후 밤 생산량은 점차 증가하였으나 최근 생산자의 노령화에 따른 노동력 부족 및 밤나무 수령 증가에 따라 밤 생산량이 감소하고 있다. 본 연구는 이천지역에서 노령화된 밤나무 '단택'(45년생)을 선정하고 전정처리에 따른 밤나무의 결실 및 과실특성 조사를 통해 노령목 밤나무의 효율적인 재배관리기술의 기초자료로 활용하고자 수행하였다. 노령목 밤나무의 평균 수고 및 수관폭은 10.8 m, 8.5 m(N-S), 8.6 m(E-W)로 조사되었으며, 전정 후 수고 및 수관폭은 5.0 m, 4.1 m(N-S), 4.5 m(E-W)로 나타났다. 전정처리에 따른 착구수는 무처리구에서 216.9개로 전정처리구(144.8개) 보다 많았지만 입중은 전정처리구가 23.1 g으로 무처리구 15.7 g보다 높게 나타났다. 밤 과실의 당도 및 경도는 각각 무처리구 $14.8^{\circ}Brix$, 92.7 N, 전정처리구 $15.2^{\circ}Brix$, 93.9 N으로 처리간 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 과실등급은 '특'(22g 이상), '대'(18~22g), '중'(15~18g), 소(15g 미만) 4등급으로 분류하였다. 과실등급 비율은 무처리구와 전정처리구에서 각각 '특'(11.9%, 59.5%), '대'(22.0%, 21.6%), '중'(21.2%, 11.1%), '소'(44.9%, 7.8%)로 전정처리구가 무처리구보다 '특' 및 '대' 비율이 2.4배 높았다. 따라서 밤나무 노령목의 전정처리는 상품성이 우수한 높은 등급의 과실생산에 효율적인 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
• /
• 2008.06a
• /
• pp.237-241
• /
• 2008

현재 글로벌화에 따른 과일 소비성향이 다종화, 고급화를 추구하고 있으며 국내 생산과일의 생존은 고급화에 의한 맛에 대한 경쟁력 재고가 필요하다. 과일을 맛과 크기에 따라 등급을 세분화 한 차별화된 마케팅이 요구되므로 수익과 생산성 증대를 위하여 개별농가에서의 대략적, 영세적인 선별에서부터 탈피한 체계적이고 규모화된 자동화 생산과정이 필요하다. 그러나 현재 사용되고 있는 선과기는 회전 드럼식 방식으로 크기 등급을 선별할 때 과실의 손상을 야기하고 당도측정을 위해 사용되는 광센서는 1억원에 달하는 선별장비 비용을 초래하므로 본 논문에서는 디지털이미지를 이용하여 과일의 크기를 측정하여 등급을판정하고 당도 측정 또한 과실의 파손없이 분류하는 과일 선별 시스템을 제작한다.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 2011

This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of crown diameter on plant growth after planting and fruit yield. All nursery plants were classified into three classes: A, > 9 mm; B, 8~9 mm; C, < 8 mm. The A-class nursery plant plot showed better root and plant growth after planting compared to the B-class and C-class nursery plants. The A-class nursery plant plot was 10 days faster in first flowering time then those of the B-class and the C-class. Also, the A-class nursery plant plot was 2~3 days faster in the mean flowering time. The accumulative yield of the A-class nursery plant plot was 481 g per plant, that of the B-class was 445 g, and the C 422 g, which the nursery plant plot of A-class yielded more 8.1% and 13.9% respectively than B-class plot and C-class plot per plant. In early yield of to February; A-class nursery plant plot showed 23.3% higher yield than B-class nursery plant plot, and 39.1% higher the C-class nursery plant.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.36 no.5
• /
• pp.733-739
• /
• 2004

Model for optimally dimensioned PE film bag was developed according to fruit size to maintain best quality of 'Fuyu' persimmon in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) storage based on relationship between quality and oxygen and carbon dioxide in PE film bag. Harvested persimmons were graded into five sizes, and average weights were LL:261, L:217, M:188, S:168, and SS:154 g. Five fruit units of each grade were optimized in five PE film bag sizes of $150{\times}376,\;140{\times}357,\;130{\times}344,\;130{\times}333,\;and\;120{\times}3l8\;mm$. To minimize quality deterioration such as softening and discoloration, optimal oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in PE film bag were 0.5-1.0 and 6.0-8.0%, respectively, and optimal thickness of PE film bag according to fruit size were LL:45, L:50, M:55, S:60, and $SS:65\;{\mu}m$. For all fruit sizes, model for PE film bag area $(mm^2)$ was good quadratic simple equation by fruit weight (g): $Y=-4055.707+627.993X_1-0.701{X_1}^2$. Model far optimal oxygen and carbon dioxide (Y) concentration in PE film bag was suited to linear multiple equation by fruit weight $(X_1,\;g)$ and PE film thickness $(X_2,\;{\mu}m)$. Equations for oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations (%) were $Y=5.798-0.0109X_l-0.0491X_2\;and\;Y=-2.427+0.01927X_l +0.09646X_2$, respectively.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.75-84
• /
• 2013

The management system and profitability were compared for the commercial orchards in the apple producing districts from April to October, 2011. The present study reasonably graded a large fruit as a fruit of heavier than 300g for 'Fuji' and 330g for 'Hongro' apples. As comparing cropping density and yield efficiency, 'Fuji' apples showed 3.28 fruits per TCA of crop density and 0.96 kg per TCA of yield efficiency and 'Hongro' demonstrated 4.04 fruits and 1.01 kg. With the application of the results above, the orchard management systems was classified into 3 classes as the orchard for large-size fruits, medium-size fruits, and combined size fruits. The increase of cropping density made the increase of fruit yield with medium-size fruits in unit area but brought about the decrease of large size fruits. The difference in fruit size failed to make significant differences in fruit characteristics. The orchard management system for producing medium size fruits performed decrease in input cost and improved the profitability in orchard management.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.181-191
• /
• 2009

In general, seafarer's human error is considered to be the preponderant muse for the majority of maritime transportation accidents in a merchant ship. The implementation techniques for Human Error Model (HEM) to assess possible accident risk by deck officers including captain, chief officer, second mate and third mate are described in this study. The scope of this work is focused to 642 deck officers in the ship management company with 130 vessels. At first, HEM can be constructed through the statistical analysis and expert's brainstorming process with human data to 642 deck officers. Then the variables $\upsilon$ for the human factors, the evaluation level EP($\upsilon$) for $\upsilon$, the weight $\alpha$ of $\upsilon$, and the title weight $\beta$ of each deck officers can be decided. In addition, through the analysis of ship's accident history, the accident causation ratios by human error ${\gamma}_H$ and by external error ${\gamma}_B$ can be found as 0.517(51.7%) and 0.483(48.3%), respectively. The correlation coefficients to $\upsilon$ are also shown significant for a 95% confidence interval (p < 0.05) for each coefficient. And the validity of HEM is also surveyed by the analysis of normal probability distribution of risk level RL to each deck officer.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.817-823
• /
• 2009

We investigated the effects of storage temperature and packaging treatment on the freshness of high-quality 'Fuji' apples to improve consumer confidence in the maintenance of high fruit quality during distribution. A 0.35 mm-deep PET tray form-sealed with a 0.05 mm LDPE film lid was developed and tested with the aim of optimizing gas composition within the package headspace to utilize potential modified atmosphere (MA) storage to maintain the freshness of apples. Weight loss, color difference, firmness, respiration rate, gas concentrations in packages, acidity, solid soluble content, and fruit decay rate were measured during storage at $5^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$. The results showed that respiration rate, weight loss, color difference, and firmness were lower and overall quality better during storage at $5^{\circ}C$ compared with $25^{\circ}C$. Also, the fruits packed in the functional tray form showed a low level of quality changes compared with the control (no packaging). The accumulated gasconcentrations in the headspace of the packages decreased from 21% to 12% $O_2$ and increased from 0% to 5% $CO_2$ (v/v) on day 7, and after remained at those levels thereafter. Soluble solid contents and total acidities of the packaged fruits were in the range of $11\;-\;14^{\circ}Brix$ and 0.2 0.3% during storage. Decay rates in the control and packaged fruits were more than 20% and less than 10% at 3 weeks, respectively. Based on the standard acceptable level (less than 10%) of total weight loss, it could be estimated that the shelf life of top-quality fruits packed in functional trays was 3 weeks at $5^{\circ}C$ and 16 weeks at $25^{\circ}C$, whereas the shelf life of the control fruit was 1 week and 12 weeks, respectively. For the top-quality fruit "Fuji" apples, the best results were obtained with a functional tray form for packaging treatment and a storage temperature of $5^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.111 no.4
• /
• pp.557-566
• /
• 2022

This study aimed to obtain basic data on high-quality fruit production and efficient cultivation of persimmon cultivar "Godongsi". In the second year of pruning, the number of fruits per tree according to the number of fruit-bearing mother shoots (300, 400, 500, and 700 [control] treatments) was 676.3, 786.0, 866.7, and 1238.7, respectively. Persimmon cultivar "Godongsi" had a decrease in number of fruits per tree and increase in fruit weight as the pruning intensity increased. The average fruit weight in the 300 treatment group was 212.2 g, which was 1.5 times heavier than that in the control. For a high-quality dried persimmon processing, the rate of grade L fruits (170 g<ｘ≤200 g) and over according to the number of fruit-bearing mother shoots was 86.9%, 48.6%, 33.5%, and 8.1%, respectively. The fruit grade of the pruned treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control. Based on the selling price of dried persimmon, the production amount was significantly higher in the 300 treatment than that in the control. When there were many fruits per tree, there was a decrease in quality and increase in cost of harvesting and processing. In conclusion, pruning is essential to increase the fruit quality (fruit weight and grade) of persimmon cultivar "Godongsi". Moreover, the suitable number of fruit-bearing mother shoots was 300.

• Korean Management Science Review
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.117-135
• /
• 1998

자동차보험의 대인배상 업무는 폭주하는 업무량에도 불구하고 담당자의 개인 능력에 의존하고 있는 실정이다. 사고발생 후 손해산정에서부터 실제적으로 배상이 이루어지기까지의 과정은 인간의 의사결정이 수없이 개입되기 때문에 시간과 비용이 많이 소요된다. 이 의사결정 과정에서는 사고 당사자 쌍방에게 가능한 여러 가지 대안들이 제시되어야 하며, 일관성 있는 판단이 내려져야 한다. 본 연구에서는 대인배상 업무를 구성하는 상해/후유장애 등급의 판정, 과실율/노동상실율 판정 및 손해산정 업무에 활용 가능한 정보기술들을 고찰한 후, 이 업무들 중 손해산정 업무를 지원하는 의사결정 지원시스템을 개발하고 그 사용 예를 제시하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.95 no.6
• /
• pp.672-679
• /
• 2006

Postharvest nut quality, and changes of soluble solids content and kernel hardness during cold storage in 13 Korean prevailing chestnut cultivars were investigated to establish the chestnut grading and standardization for marketing and processing industry. Chestnut quality attributes such as nut weight, soluble solids content, kernel hardness, % with the pericarp split, and % of polyembryonic nuts were measured from 2001 to 2005. There were significant difference among cultivars in quality characteristics, and also annual variation within same cultivar, corresponded to the high genetic and environmental variability. During cold storage at $2^{\circ}C$ for 16 weeks, remarkable changes in soluble solids content were observed, and Isseumo showed the highest increase of 8% at 16 weeks of cold storage compared with postharvest. In case of most cultivars except early ripening cultivars, soluble solids content of chestnut increased until 12 weeks during cold storage, followed by decreased gradually thereafter. Kernel hardness of most cultivars except lshizuchi during cold storage increased slightly, but it was not statistically significant. This work would be a useful reference to the quality of each chestnut cultivar for the growers and breeders alike.