• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.274-284
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• 2022

To use kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) as a fiber and livestock feed, a high-yielding variety needs to be identified. For this, accurate phenotyping of plant height is required for this breeding purpose due to the strong relationship between plant height and yield. Plant height can be estimated using RGB images from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV-RGB) and photogrammetry based on Structure from Motion (SfM) algorithms. In kenaf, accurate measurement of height is limited because kenaf stems have high flexibility and its height is easily affected by wind, growing up to 3 ~ 4 m. Therefore, we aimed to identify a method suitable for the accurate estimation of plant height of kenaf and investigate the feasibility of using the UAV-RGB-derived plant height map. Height estimation derived from UAV-RGB was improved using multi-point calibration against the five different wooden structures with known heights (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 cm). Using the proposed method, we analyzed the variation in temporal height of 23 kenaf cultivars. Our results demontrated that the actual and estimated heights were reliably comparable with the coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.80 and a slope of 0.94. This method enabled the effective identification of cultivars with significantly different heights at each growth stages.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.188-195
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• 2024

Recently, the use of recycled aggregates from construction waste has been introduced as a solution for environmental problems and aggregate shortage. In spite of the various methods to promote recycling of recycled aggregate, the use of recycled aggregate as the structural aggregate has been limited because the quality of recycled aggregate(especially recycled fine aggregate) has been considered lower than that of natural aggregate. In this work, recycled fine aggregate was immersed for an hour in acrylic resin solutions of various concentrations to improve its quality, the appropriate immersion concentration was selected by measuring the absorption capacity and skeletal density of the recycled fine aggregate, and mortar specimens were prepared to evaluate the mechanical performance in order to propose a applicable treatment process to promote the use of recycled fine aggregate. According to the experimental results, as the acrylic resin concentration increased, the absorption capacity and skeletal density of the recycled fine aggregate decreased. The absorption capacity was lowest at acrylic resin concentrations around 6 to 8 %. However, among mortar specimens made of recycled fine aggregate immersed in acrylic resin solution, the compressive strength was the highest at 4 % acrylic resin concentration, suggesting that the use of higher concentration acrylic resin solution can actually lower the compressive strength of mortar.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.25
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• pp.49-62
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• 2006

생명공학의 시대로 일컬어 지고 있는 오늘날, 재생의학 분야에서는 난치성 질환 치료를 목적으로 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 특히, 줄기세포를 이용한 세포 대체치료 관련 연구는 최근 국내 황우석 박사의 체세포 핵이식 배아세포주 확립에 이르기 까지 괄목할 만한 발전을 보여 주고 있다. 이와 관련해 생명보험산업에 적잖은 파장이 예상되며, 생명보험사 내부적으로 기존에 판매된 상품의 사차손 관리와 함께 급속도로 발전하는 줄기세포 연구에 직접적으로 대응하는 상품개발, 언더라이팅, 지급 심사 등 보험사 내외에서의 전방위적인 변화가 필요하다는 문제 제기가 있다. 줄기세포란 조직 분화 과정에서 볼 수 있는 세포이며 근육 뼈 뇌 피부 등 신체의 어떤 기관으로도 전환할 수 있는 만능세포로서, 간 폐 심장 등 구체적 장기를 형성하기 이전에 분화를 멈출 배아 단계의 세포를 말한다. 한편, 성체줄기세포는 조직이나 기관의 분화된 세포들 사이에서 발견되는 미분화 세포로써, 자기 스스로 증식할 수 있으며, 조직이나 기관의 특수한 기능을 가지고 있는 세포로 분화할 수 있는 능력을 가진 신체줄기세포를 말한다. 배아줄기세포와 생체줄기세포를 통한 장기이식 등 난치병 정복은 윤리적, 사회적으로 많은 논란이 예상되며, 기술적으로도 해결해야 할 문제점들이 산적해 있기 때문에 아직은 요원한 것이 사실이다. 현재 유럽 대부분의 나라와 미국에서는 인간 배아의 복제가 금지되어 있으며, 일본 정부는 연구용 배아 복제를 제한적으로 허용하고 있다. 하지만, 우리 나라의 경우 2005년 1월에 '생명윤리 및 안전에 관한 법'이 발효되었지만 정부는 관련 부작용에 대한 깊은 고찰 없이 전폭적인 지원들 약속하고 있는 실정이다. 줄기세포 연구의 발달로 인해 인류가 난치병 치료의 첫 장을 열었다고 하더라도 그 영향이 당장 보험사에 미친다고 할 수는 없다. 왜냐하면 앞으로 이러한 신기술이 실제 의료행위에 적용되기 위해서는 여러 단계의 안정화 작업과 임상시험이 필요한데 이러한 작업이 기술적으로 어렵고 그 시간도 만만치 않게 걸리기 때문이다. 또한, 보험사의 보장은 크게 사망/수술/입원/암/기타보장으로 구별할 수 있는데, 줄기세포 연구의 발달과 관련이 있는 보장이 제한되어 있어 보험사에 미치는 영향이 당장 우려할 만한 수준이라 할 수 없다. 하지만 만약 치료용 줄기세포 배양으로 인한 장기 기관의 이식이나 손상세포의 대체 등과 같은 의학신기술의 예상 외로 급격하게 발전한다면 보험사의 Risk 관리에 상당한 저해요인으로 작용할 것으로 판단된다. 특히 진단 입원 수술로 대표되는 생존보장에 대한 사차 Risk 및 사차손의 급증이나 역선택 증가는 보험사의 경영수지 악화를 유발하여 보험산업 전반에 위험으로 작용할 수도 있다. 따라서, 장기적인 안목으로 업계 공동의 대응이 필요하고, 각 사에서도 상품개발, 언더라이팅, 지급심사 간의 긴밀한 협조가 요구된다. 생명보험산업의 Risk 관리는 기존의 시장환경에 영향을 받는 비차, 이차중심에서 보험회사가 어느 정도 관리를 통해 적정규모를 유지할 수 있는 사차로 그 중심축이 이동하고 있다. 보험산업이 계속 활력을 갖고 성장하기 위해서는 체계적인 Risk나 관리가 핵심일 것이며, 보험사의 사차 Risk의 중요성이 더욱 커져 가고 있는 현실에서 거시적으로 의학신기술 발달 등 위험요인에 대해 미리 분석하고 이에 대한 대비책 마련이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1972.03a
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• pp.5-6
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• 1972

Noise and air pollution, which accompany the development of industry and the increase of population, contribute to the deterioration of urban environment. The air pollution level of Seoul has gradually increased and the city residents are suffering from a high pollution of noise. If no measures were taken against pollution, the amount of emission of pollutant into air would be 36.7 thousand tons per year per square kilometer in 1975, three times more than that of 1970, and it would be the same level as that of United States in 1968. The main sources of air pollution in Seoul are the exhaust has from vehicles and the combustion of bunker-C oil for heating purpose. Thus, it is urgent that an exhaust gas cleaner should be instaled to every car and the fuel substituted by less sulfur-contained-oil to prevent the pollution. Transportation noise (vehicular noise and train noise) is the main component of urban noise problem. The average noise level in downtown area is about 75㏈ with maximum of 85㏈ and the vehicular homing was checked 100㏈ up and down. Therefore, the reduction of the number of bus-stop the strict regulation of homing in downtown area and a better maintenance of car should be an effective measures against noise pollution in urban areas. Within the distance of 200 metres from railroad, the train noise exceeds the limit specified by the pollution control law in Korea. Especially, the level of noise and steam-whistle of train as measured by the ISO evaluation can adversely affect the community activities of residents. To prevent environmental destruction, many developed countries have taken more positive action against worsening pollution and such an action is now urgently required in this country.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.763-773
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Argument-Based Inquiry (ABI) strategy on student's character competency. For this study, 51 grade 11 students (two classes) were selected to the role assignment (ABI-R group) and 46 students (two classes) were assigned to the non-role assignment group (ABI group). In the result, the role assignment group (ABI-R group) showed a statistically higher change in character competency than the group without role assignment (ABI group). Particularly, the ABI-R group has significantly higher grade than ABI group in empathy, responsibility, and respect among the sub-factors of character competency. However, in the case of the cooperation factor of character competency, the ABI group showed statistically significant higher grade than ABI-R group. The results of this study showed that Argument-Based Inquiry (ABI) as teaching and learning strategies in science can contribute to the enhancement of human character competency. In addition, we suggest that students should be actively involved in the class through role assignment, but it is necessary to present the class situation so that they can be actively engaged according to the problem situation rather than being fixed in a given role.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.115-123
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• 2013

Stoker type incinerator is one of the most popular one used as municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration because, in general, it is quite suitable for large capacity and need no preprocessing facility. Nowadays, however, since the combustible portion of incoming MSW increases together with the decrease of the moisture content due to prohibition of directly burying food waste in landfill, the heating value of waste is remarkably increasing in comparison with the early stage of incinerator installation. Consequently, the increased heating value in incinerator operation causes a number of serious problems such as reduction of waste amount to be burned due to the boiler heat capacity together with the significant NO generation in high temperature environment. Therefore, in this study, a series of numerical simulation have been made as parameters of waste amount and the fraction of moisture in air stream in order to investigate optimal operating condition for the resolution of the problems associated with the high heating value of waste mentioned above. In specific, a detailed turbulent reaction flow field calculation with NO model was made for the full scale incinerator of D city. To this end, the injection method of moisturized air as oxidizer was intensively reviewed by the addition of moisture water amount from 10% and 20%. The calculation result, in general, showed that the reduction of maximum flame temperature appears consistently due to the combined effects of the increased specific heat of combustion air and vaporization heat by the addition of water moisture. As a consequence, the generation of NOx concentration was substantially reduced. Further, for the case of 20% moisture amount stream, the afterburner region is quite appropriate in temperature range for the operation of SNCR. This suggests the SNCR facility can be considered for reoperation. which is not in service at all due to the increased heating value of MSW.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.43 no.3 s.309
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• pp.67-75
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• 2006

Facial expressions exhibit not only facial feature motions, but also subtle changes in illumination and appearance. Since it is difficult to generate realistic facial expressions by using only geometric deformations, detailed features such as textures should also be deformed to achieve more realistic expression. The existing methods such as the expression ratio image have drawbacks, in that detailed changes of complexion by lighting can not be generated properly. In this paper, we propose a nonlinear model for skin color change and a model-based synthesis method for facial expression that can apply realistic expression details under different lighting conditions. The proposed method is composed of the following three steps; automatic extraction of facial features using active appearance model and geometric deformation of expression using warping, generation of facial expression using a model for nonlinear skin color change, and synthesis of original face with generated expression using a blending ratio that is computed by the Euclidean distance transform. Experimental results show that the proposed method generate realistic facial expressions under various lighting conditions.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.171-180
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• 2016

As social networking services such as twitter become increasingly popular, data streams are widely prevalent these days. In order to search data accumulated from data streams efficiently, the use of an index structure is essential. In this paper, we propose an update-efficient, disk-based inverted index structure for efficient keyword search on data streams. When new data arrive at the data stream, the index needs to be updated to incorporate the new data. The traditional inverted index is very inefficient to update in terms of disk I/O, because all index data stored in the disk need to be read and written to the disk each time the index is updated. To solve this problem, we divide the whole inverted index into a sequence of inverted indices with exponentially increasing size. When new data arrives, it is first inserted into the smallest index and, later, the small indices are merged with the larger indices, which leads to a small amortize update cost for each new data. Furthermore, when indices stored in the disk are merged with each other, we minimize the disk I/O cost incurred for the merge operation, resulting in an even smaller update cost. Through various experiments, we compare the update efficiency of the proposed index structure with the previous one, and show the performance advantage of the proposed structure in terms of the update cost.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.141-151
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• 2016

Recently, technology for energy recovery from waste has been increasing interest globally including the Korea. In Korea, we have interested in using biogas generated from the sewage treatment process. As one alternative, there are operating biogas combined heat and power plant. The generation amount of the Sewage Sludge are expected to grow in the future. For this reason, total processing cost of Sewage Sludge will increase. To solve this problem, it seems will be invested with the expansion of facilities that use biogas as energy. Therefore, quantitative information on such facilities is required. Thus, this study attempts to economic feasibility analysis for Seonam Biogas Combined Heat and Power Plant. Meanwhile, as the benefit items for economic feasibility analysis consider electricity supply benefit except for heat supply benefit. The average prices of electricity use were residence 123.69, commercial 130.46, and industry 102.59 won per kWh for the year 2015, In addition, the economic benefit are calculated to be residence 310.21, commercial 378.49, and industry 222.87 won per kWh. The results of economic feasibility analysis is NPV 72.18 billion won, B/C 1.90, IRR 37%, shows that economic validity of Seonam Biogas Combined Heat and Power Plant.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.36S no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 1999

In general, the information processing capability of a neural network is determined by its architecture and efficient training patterns. However, there is no systematic method for designing neural network and selecting effective training patterns. Evolutionary Algorithms(EAs) are referred to as the methods of population-based optimization. Therefore, EAs are considered as very efficient methods of optimal system design because they can provide much opportunity for obtaining the global optimal solution. In this paper, we propose a new method for finding the optimal structure of neural networks based on competitive co-evolution, which has two different populations. Each population is called the primary population and the secondary population respectively. The former is composed of the architecture of neural network and the latter is composed of training patterns. These two populations co-evolve competitively each other, that is, the training patterns will evolve to become more difficult for learning of neural networks and the architecture of neural networks will evolve to learn this patterns. This method prevents the system from the limitation of the performance by random design of neural networks and inadequate selection of training patterns. In co-evolutionary method, it is difficult to monitor the progress of co-evolution because the fitness of individuals varies dynamically. So, we also introduce the measurement method. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed method are inspected by applying it to the visual servoing of robot manipulators.