• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.446-455
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• 2015

Based on comparative studies on standards and grading procedures of machine graded lumber in Korea and other countries, this study proposed a procedure of determining the grade classification and design strengths of domestic machine graded lumber. Differences between machine stress rated lumber and E-rated laminations were detailed in order to clarify the need for the procedure improvement. To this improvement the use of average MOE requirement for grading was introduced instead of the fixed minimum MOE requirement which is currently used in the Korean standards. It was found that the fixed minimum MOE requirement method was easier for an inspector to grade but, less efficient as a strength predictor than the average MOE requirement method. The advantage of average MOE requirement method is statistically MOR-MOE regression-based MOR prediction and highly efficient in quality control though it requires a computer-aided operation system in an initial setup. A major weakness of the current Korean grading system was found that different strength characteristics depending on wood species were not reflected on the grade classification and the tabulated allowable design stress. The proposed procedures were developed taking advantages of respective merits of both methods and based on MOR-MOE regression analysis. Through this procedure, the grades of machine stress rated lumber should be revised to become interchangeable with E-rated lamination, which would be beneficial to the cost competitiveness of domestic machine graded lumber and glued laminated timber industry.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.36
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• pp.237-257
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• 2014

This study is the process of performing the interdisciplinary fusion study between multiple fields by identifying the status on the previous artistic education considering the brain scientific mechanism of image creativity and brain-based learning principles. In recent years, producing the educational methods of each field as the fusion study activities are emerging as the trend and thanks to such, the results of brain-based educational fusion studies are being presented for each field. It includes artistic fields such as music, art and dance. In other words, the perspective is that by understanding the operating principles of the brain while creativity and learning is taking place, when applying various principles that can develop the corresponding functions as a teaching method, it can effectively increase the artistic performance ability and creativity. Since the animation drawing should be able to intuitively recognize the elements of movement and produce the communication with the target beyond the delineative perspective of simply drawing the objects to look the same, it requires the development of systematic educational method including the methods of communication, elements of higher cognitive senses as well as the cognitive perspective of form implementation. Therefore, this study proposes a literature study results on the artistic education applied with brain-based principles in order to design the educational model considering the professional characteristics of animation drawing. Therefore, the overseas and domestic trends of the cases of brain-based artistic education were extracted and analyzed. In addition, the cases of artistic education studies applied with brain-based principles and study results from cases of drawing related education were analyzed. According to the analyzed results, the brain-based learning related to the drawing has shown a common effect of promoting the creativity and changes of positive emotion related to the observation, concentration and image expression through the training of the right brain. In addition, there was a case of overseas educational application through the brain wave training where the timing ability and artistic expression have shown an enhancement effect through the HRV training, SMR, Beta 1 and neuro feedback training that strengthens the alpha/seta wave and it was proposing that slow brain wave neuro feedback training contributes significantly in overcoming the stress and enhancing the creative artistic performance ability. The meaning of this study result is significant in the fact that it was the case that have shown the successful application of neuro feedback training in the environment of artistic live education beyond the range of laboratory but the use of the machine was shown to have limitations for being applied to the teaching methods so its significance can be found in providing the analytical foundation for applying and designing the brain-based learning principles for future animation drawing teaching methods.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.1010-1018
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• 2021

Although varieties of silkworms, which have recently attracted attention as a health functional food, are being produced, studies on the differences in the functionality of different silkworm varieties are insufficient. Therefore, in this study, the antioxidant activities of different silkworm breeds bred in domestic farms were analyzed, and the potential for their cultivation as specialized varieties with excellent antioxidant function was investigated. To compare antioxidant activity, four varieties of silkworms, white Bakokjam, Golden silk, Yeonokjam, and Hanseongjam, were bred; water and ethanol extracts of these silkworms were prepared on the 3rd and 5th days of the 5th instar larval stage. The highest extraction yield was seen for the water extract from the Golden silk variety on the 3rd day of the 5th instar; the highest total phenolic compound and flavonoid contents were observed for the water extract (86.11±4.04 ㎍/mg GE) and 70% (v/v) ethanol extract (46.70±2.81 ㎍/mg QE). Bakokjam and Yeonokjam exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity of up to 78% and showed the highest nitrite scavenging activity (85%) at pH 1.2. The maximum SOD-like activity of Yeonokjam was about 47%. Furthermore, 48 ㎍/ml of the Yeonokjam extract showed a reducing power of 0.7 abs, which was the best among the four varieties. Considering these results, the Yeonokjam (on the 3rd day of the 5th instar) had antioxidant activity and represents a silkworm cultivar that would be suitable for cultivation as a health food.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.125-139
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• 2021

As the 4th industrial revolution progresses, new technologies and services are being born, growing, and maturing. Now, beyond the mobile era, the metaverse is being discussed as a new paradigm. Therefore, in this study, in preparation for the metaverse era, we tried to analyze what factors have an important influence when consumers want to use new technologies. In particular, the research was conducted focusing on how the context in which consumers use the technology changes depending on whether they are B2C or B2B. For this, augmented reality (AR) was selected in the B2C context by linking the research subject with the metaverse era, and the smart factory was selected in the B2B context. The research model for the analysis was established by deriving and setting common influence variables by reflecting the characteristics of the research target technology based on the modified extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology. A survey was conducted for empirical analysis, and 150 AR and 150 smart factory subjects were analyzed. The empirical study results are as follows. The relationship between performance expectancy and intention to use, technology readiness and intention to use was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on both AR and smart factory. On the other hand, it was found that effort expectancy, social influence, and trust had a positive (+) effect on intention to use only in AR. Only in smart factory, facilitating conditions had a significant positive (+) effect on intention to use. It was also found that the perceived risk had a significant negative (-) effect on the intention to use only in the smart factory. The results of this study are academically significant in that we empirically test that influencing factors of technology use varies depending on the context in which it is used by consumers. In practice, it provided an implication of what to focus on first is being implemented.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.57 no.9
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• pp.633-643
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• 2024

Many coastal countries have developed and used a wide range of technologies and policy measures to protect freshwater aquifers and groundwater resources from seawater intrusion, and have established and implemented a foundation to legally and institutionally support them. This study covers coastal states in the eastern United States, the Netheland, India and Japan. The goal of this study is to analyze each country's legal and policy measures for coastal groundwater management. By introducing Jeju Island's groundwater standard level system, we aim to provide a basis for future discussions on groundwater management measures not only in Jeju Island but also in coastal areas of Korea. As a result of the analysis, despite the various contents and aspects of coastal groundwater management based on local issues and characteristics around the world, in order to achieve the common goal of securing a stable amount of groundwater withdrawal and preventing seawater intrusion and to maximize the efficiency of groundwater management, it is understood that attempts are being made to establish optimal management measures, laws, systems, and policies based on several key factors. First, considering the hydrogeological characteristics and status of coastal groundwater, a separate special management system is being established and implemented within the scope of the national groundwater management system. In addition, preventing and maintaining groundwater level decline through limiting the amount of groundwater withdrawal and preventing seawater intrusion are key policy goals and policy tools, and it is suppored by research and development. Finally, tt was found that synergy effects are being sought by using various other policy tools and measures in a complex manner.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.77-90
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• 2020

Today, the transition to the era of "post-drama" brought a change in the position of text, which was considered the center of the play, and the expansion of the role of actors. After entering the post-drama era, the actor no longer transforms himself into "delivering" the fixed meaning of text, but "producing" the valid meaning of "now, here" meeting the audience. In other words, actors in the post-drama era have expanded their roles as "performers" who can become the subject of narratives themselves and create various theatrical languages. Despite the expansion of the actor's role, verbal-centered actor training through text, which still forms the basis of acting education, does not satisfy the newly changing contemporary theatricality and creates a gap between education and the field. Therefore, the researcher argued that non-verbal-centered acting education needs to be discussed, and highlighted the actors' physical training on the "empty" side. The researchers first compare and analyze the characteristics of modern theater people's training methods from an "empty" perspective. Based on this, researchers about the meaning and direction of the training "empty". Furthermore, the study concludes with an emphasis on the direction of acting education in the post-drama era, which is free from language that can respond to stimuli and interact freely.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.37-44
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• 2012

In this paper, we investigate several factors that affect the locational decision of discount stores by using previous studies on the marketing area and the location of commercial facilities. We selected 21 primary variables that are expected to influence the decision of store location and, by factor analysis, grouped them into five underlying factors. Among these, the demographic factor, which shows the potential purchasing power level, had the greatest impact on the locational decision for the store. However, we found individual stores positioned according to unique locational characteristics in addition to the demographic factor. It means that we have to additionally consider if the vicinity of the market is based on any physical properties. Many previous studies proposed four decision factors for store location: the economic factor, the demographic factor, the land utilization factor, and traffic factor. However, the fivefold factors-our distinctive contribution-are more concrete and persuasive according to Korean reality. We show that location preference is based on the following criteria: (1) the area is densely populated, (2) houses stand close together, (3) residents have a high income level, (4) road traffic is developed and easy to access, and (5) public transportation is well developed. The demographic factor has the greatest impact on the location of a discount store. The number of households has a greater relevance to the demographic factor than does the individual consumer. Second, discount stores relatively prefer places where houses are located close together because such places offer easy access to the market. Third, a place whose residents have a high income level will be preferred, with its large cars and excellent traffic conditions. Fourth, a location would be highly rated if the roads around commercial facilities are well developed and their accessibility is good. Finally, discount stores must be located close to bus stops because female consumers, including housewives-the most important customers-evaluate stores based on distance. In this research, the variable of consumer attitude and preference was excluded, and the location factors of discount stores were analyzed according to a microscopic view through physical spatial data. In the future, the opening of new discount stores based on the five factors indicated above will require a comparatively shorter time from the first project feasibility analysis. In addition, the result of our study can be applied to the field of public policy for constructing and attracting large-scale distribution facilities.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2010

Purpose: To evaluate the result of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy in locally advanced breast cancer as well as analyze the prognostic factors affecting survival. Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty-nine patients with breast cancer were treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy between April 1995 and November 2006 at the Samsung Medical Center. Among these patients, we retrospectively reviewed 105 patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery and radiation therapy for a cure with an initial tumor size >5 cm or clinically positive lymph nodes. All patients received anthracycline based chemotherapy except for 2 patients. According to clinical tumor stage, 3 patients (3%) were cT1, 26 (25%) were cT2, 39 (37%) were T3 and 37 (35%) were T4. Initially, 98 patients (93%) showed axillary lymph node metastasis. The follow-up periods ranged from 7~142 months (median, 41 months) after the beginning of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results: Locoregional failure free survival rate and distant metastasis free survival rate at 5 years were 82.1% and 69.9%, respectively. Disease free survival rate and overall survival rate at 5 years were 66.1% and 77.1%, respectively. The results of a univariate analysis indicate that clinical tumor stage, pathologic tumor stage, pathologic nodal stage and pathologic TNM stage were statistically significant factors for disease free survival rate and overall survival rate. Whereas, a multivariate analysis indicated that only hormone therapy was a statistically significant factor for survival. Conclusion: The current study results were comparable to other published studies for neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. Hormone therapy was a statistically significant prognostic factor. The patients with early clinical or pathologic stage had a tendency to improve their survival rate.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2011

Enterobacteria were isolated in the gut of the predacious multicolored Asian ladybird beetle, Harmonia axyridis, and their effects to the development of H. axyridis were examined. Populations of H. axyridis in this experiment were collected from Kimjae at Cheonbuk province (JK population), Geumsan at Chungnam province (CK population) and laboratory population at Laboratory of Insect Physiology in Chungnam National University, Daejeon. Thirty-four enterobacteria isolates were purified and isolated from the digestive tract of H. axyridis, and a total of 4 strains were classified into group by analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. About 70% of total isolates were phylogenetic groups of Bacillus genus and Staphylococcus genus, and they were commonly separated from the digestive tract of H. axyridis. After investigating their susceptibility against antibiotics with 18 representative enterobacteria isolates, ofloxacin and penicillin were selected for examination in this study of their ability to inhibit the growth of all of isolates. In order to remove the enterobacteria from the aphids, ofloxacin and penicillin were given to the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, and the turnip aphid, Lipaphis erysimi. These aphids were provided to H. axyridis as prey. The weight of pupa, developmental periods of each larval instar, the number of eggs and their hatching ratio of H. axyridis with treatment aphids were lower compared with non-treatment aphids. Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a representative enterobacteria and commonly isolated from the digestive tract of H. axyridis. In the absence of S. saprophyticus, the developmental periods of each larval instar increased; however, the weights of pupa, the number of eggs, and their hatching ratio decreased.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.358-372
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• 1987

This study was performed to obtain data which can be applied to use of water-proof mortars. The data was based on the properties of water-proof mortars depending upon various mixing ratios to compare those of cement mortar. The water-proof agents used were retard and accelerate type which are being used as mortar structures. The water-proof agents, mixing ratios of cement to fine aggregate were 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4. The results obtained were summarised as follows; 1. The results of flow test, water-cement ratio was increased with the increasing of mixing ratio. 2. The permeability were increased in poorer mixing ratio and higher water pressure. 3. The bulk density was decreased with the increasing of mixing ratio, and compressive and tensile strength were increased with increasing of the bulk density. 4. At 1:1 mixing ratio, the highest strengths were showed and strengths were decreased with the increasing of mixing ratio. 5. The absorption rates were increased in- poorer mixing ratio 6. The correlation between W/C, permeability, bulk density, compressive strength and absorption rate were highly significant as a straight line, respectively.