• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.33-34
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• 2003

배경: 독일 의사와 보험회사 위원회 (The German Board of Physicians and Insurance Companies:Bundesausschuss der Arzte und Krankenkassen)가 앞으로 일부 적응증에 대한 침치료에 대해 공적 보험회사가 보험료를 지급해야 할 지에 대한 추가 결정을 하기 위해 침의 효과를 평가하기로 했다. 목적: 1) 침치료가 편두통의 예방, 긴장성 두통, 요통, 무릎과 고관절의 골관절염치료에 대조군 침치료보다 효과가 있는지 검증 2) 침치료가 편두통의 예방적 치료에 표준 약물 치료와 비슷하게 효과가 있는지 검증 3) 보건의료 서비스체계 안에서 주어진 조건에 대한 일상적 침치료의 질적인 부분을 서술하고, 안전성을 평가하며, 다른 침술학파간의 임상결과의 차이와 비용의 효용적 활용부분을 평가한다. 4) 위의 적응증에 해당하는 모든 임상실험연구를 찾아내어 기존의 고찰내용을 갱신한다. 방법: 1) 무작위 표본추출 임상 실험, 침치료, 거짓침 치료, 대기자 명단 대조군, 출발시점 4주, 28주 관찰 2) 무작위 표본추출 임상 실험, 침치료, 표준약물치료 대조군, 츨발시점 4주, 28주 관찰 3) 전향적 다중 의료기관 관찰 연구, 두 가지 다른 자료를 활용하여서, 치료 결과를 침 시술자에 의한 모든 환자 평가 자료와, 열 두 명의 환자 가운데 한 명의 환자로부터 직접 받은 평가 자료 (관찰 출발시점, 치료 출발 시점, 치료 시작 후 6 개월) 실험공간: 1) and 2) 높은 수준의 수련을 한 침 시술 의사가 시술하는 병원이나 일차 진료기관의 외래. 3) 보건 의료 서비스내 저급의 침 시술 의사 (140 시간 수강, 학점 이수 필수) 참가자: 1) $4{\times}320$ 편두통의 예방, 긴장성 두통, 요통, 무릎과 고관절의 골관절염 환자 2) 480 편두통 환자(긴장성 두통 환자 추가적) 3) 약 500,000 환자, 2년 반 동안: 대략 한 적응증 당 10,000 환자 치료법: 모든 침치료 자리는 체침만 허용함. 1) 진짜 침은 학파의 지침에 따른 심자, 거짓 침은 비특이적 자리의 표피만 찌르는 자침 (12-15회, 8주): 대기자 대조군은 12주 동안에 아무 치료도 받지 않는다. 2) Group 1(N=240): 최대 15회 치료, 12주 동안: Group II (N=240) 투약 Proponolol (80-240mg), Metoprolol (100-200mg) or Flunarizin (5-10mg) 하루, 16주 이상 3) 치료회수와 침자리의 선정은 참가자가 결정 주된 임상 결과 지표: 1) 군 간의 치료 전 및 치료 진행 도중 4주 마다의 두통을 느낀 날 수의 차이 (평균 혹은 이상의 편두통이나 긴장성 두통) 2) 요통환자 군간의 기능을 측정하는 FFbH-R (Funktionsfragebogen Hannover) 비교 3) 관절염 환자의 군간 WOMAC 지표 비교 4) 군 간의 24주 동안 두통을 느낀 날 수의 차이(평균 혹은 이상의 편두통이나 긴장성 두통) 5) 적응증, 부작용, 성공율에 대한 거시적 평가, 사용한 침수, 환자의 만족도, SES(?). ADS(?) 통증 장애 지표(PDI), 삶의 질 지표(SF36). 예비 결과 위의 결과가 큰 관찰 연구에 초점을 맞추면서 소개될 것임.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.501-517
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• 2011

This research investigates a geographical issue as to which factor discovered in the only Japanese telemedicine with regard to social and medical circumstances performs a role as a determinant in regionalization, especially, local areas in Japan. According to the results, strong human networks based on regionalism are mirrored in regionalization and are associated with not only the development and management of telemedicine operations, but also the choice of telemedicine users concretely. In other words, all processes from the suggestion stage of telemedicine to the practical usage or application stage of telemedicine are involved in the existing human networks within one prefecture (the third diagnostic area); further, personal stakes are transferred to public health care services (telemedicine) and their relationships have been formulated by the telemedicine council including local government, medical association, region-rooted companies, core health centers and universities, etc. Accordingly, the telemedicine council responses to the need of telemedicine users immediately and contributes to develop regional health care. Also, telemedicine users have been connected with each other closely before operating telemedicine; accordingly, the human relationships between doctors and patients or among doctors influence the choice of telemedicine serving sites and their behaviors comes down to regional-based diagnosis via the telemedicine system.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.118-126
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• 2004

Grid is a new Information Technology (IT) concept of "super Internet" for high-performance computing: worldwide collections of high-end resources such as supercomputers, storage, advanced instruments and immerse environments. The Grid is expected to bring together geographically and organizationally dispersed computational resources, such as CPUs, storage systems, communication systems, real-time data sources and instruments, and human collaborators. The term "the Grid" was coined in the mid1990s to denote a proposed distributed computing infrastructure for advanced science and engineering. The term computational Grids refers to infrastructures aimed at allowing users to access and/or aggregate potentially large numbers of powerful and sophisticated resources. More formally, Grids are defined as infrastructure allowing flexible, secure, and coordinated resource sharing among dynamic collections of individuals, institutions and resources referred to as virtual Organizations. GRID is an emerging IT as a kind of next generation Internet technology which will fit very well with agrometeorological services in the future. I believe that it would contribute to the resource sharing in agrometeorology by providing super computing power, virtual storage, and efficient data exchanges, especially for developing countries that are suffering from the lack of resources for their agmet services at national level. Thus, the establishment of CAgM-GRID based on existing RADMINSII is proposed as a part of FWIS of WMO.part of FWIS of WMO.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.109-126
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• 2013

This paper aims to define Mecius's people-care theory(保民論), and aims to recognize the characteristics of social security contained in Mecius's people-care theory. Mecius considered to the public relief as King's obligation. So to speak, the King protects to the property of the people. Especially his people-care theory implicate to continuity of safety life, a relief fund on the property, protection of disaster damage. Continuity of safety life means to enabling the people procurable food, clothing and bury dead persons without difficulties. It's may be said that implicated to the theory and system of modern social-welfare. It is reason for his opinion that a state should construct in the minimum social safety network by taking responsibility for basis needs of life. He was a humanist so much. He thought about the pursuit of the human happiness and the improvement in quality of life. Therefore his idea nearly means to the social security system in a modern sense. His thought is not only an ideal background on the public assistance and a social relief security in the contemporary but also a relief activity system such as Jindaebup called historical prototype of social welfare. It is an important fact that his people-care theory implicate to social security system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.525-534
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• 2019

Korea is facing one of the fastest aging population problems in the world due to the extension of life expectancy and low birth rates due to economic development and the development of health care. It has become difficult to take care of elderly people in need of long-term care at home, and social problems such as dementia and the increase in stroke cases are serious problems. The government is enacting and implementing the Long-Term Care Insurance Act for the purpose of improving the quality of life for senior citizens subject to long-term care and alleviating the burden of family support in order to solve such social structure and problems for senior citizens. However, as a result of the implementation of the long-term care insurance system for the elderly, the privatization of the facilities and the disorder are causing widespread requests for public accountability of the services and the enhancement of the quality of the facilities. In addition, various arrangements are needed for the production of low-wage medical care workers, tasks for quality improvement, problems regarding financing methods, and so on. In order to maintain and develop the long-term care insurance system for the elderly, the government will consider seeking ways to improve the legal and institutional aspects according to changes in the social environment of the age, as well as seeking mental and psychological measures for the stabilization of old life as well as physical health.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.253-262
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• 2023

E-voting is a concept that includes actions such as kiosk voting at a designated place and internet voting at an unspecified place, and has emerged to alleviate the problem of consuming a lot of resources and costs when conducting offline voting. Using E-voting has many advantages over existing voting systems, such as increased efficiency in voting and ballot counting, reduced costs, increased voting rate, and reduced errors. However, centralized E-voting has not received attention in public elections and voting on corporate agendas because the results of voting cannot be trusted due to concerns about data forgery and modulation and hacking by others. In order to solve this problem, recently, by designing an E-voting system using blockchain, research has been actively conducted to supplement concepts lacking in existing E-voting, such as increasing the reliability of voting information and securing transparency. In this paper, we proposed an electronic voting system that introduced hybrid blockchain that uses public and private blockchains in convergence. A hybrid blockchain can solve the problem of slow transaction processing speed, expensive fee by using a private blockchain, and can supplement for the lack of transparency and data integrity of transactions through a public blockchain. In addition, the proposed system is implemented as BaaS to ensure the ease of type conversion and scalability of blockchain and to provide powerful computing power. BaaS is an abbreviation of Blockchain as a Service, which is one of the cloud computing technologies and means a service that provides a blockchain platform ans software through the internet. In this paper, in order to evaluate the feasibility, the proposed system and domestic and foreign electronic voting-related studies are compared and analyzed in terms of blockchain type, anonymity, verification process, smart contract, performance, and scalability.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.34-44
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in perceptions between gardens and park functions as recognized by two groups, Group A and Group B, in order to confirm the distinction between concepts and functions and then establish the importance of individual functions. The AHP was used to analyze the importance of each group's perceptions by dividing them into garden and park, Group A and non-Group A, respectively. In Group A, the importance of garden functions were considered in descending order of importance to be cultural function, ecological function, and social function. In the general group, ecological function, cultural function, and social function also appeared, but in a different order of importance. As for the park functions, Group A recognized the importance of functions in a similar order of importance to the gardens: cultural function, ecological function, and social function. Group B thought that social function, ecological function, and cultural function have the same significance. At the major classification level, Group A and Group B emphasized the social function of the parks. Group A recognized the importance of the garden's cultural function as the most important, whereas the general group emphasized the importance of the garden's ecological function. As for the mid-class level, Group A recognized the aesthetic beauty, health, ecological environment protection, and water circulation as important functions of the garden. For Group B, the ecological environment protection, aesthetic beauty, water cycle, and health were important. The concepts and functions of gardens and parks are still largely mixed but are gradually becoming differentiated. As a follow-up study, it is important to systematically manage the functions of gardens by establishing design, construction, and monitoring DB techniques for the garden type and examine the hierarchy of various other gardens.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.109-115
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• 2014

Sales of online games companies that began from the small and medium-sized ventures, have grown to billions or hundreds of million dollars to target the global market. The issues related with industrial policies and regulations for game industry gain attentions. In particular, the Korean government has strengthened the relevant regulations of the webboard game service across many departments within the government such as Media Rating Commission, Game Products Administrative Committee, Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Sports, and Ministry of Female and Family. In this study, we analyze the effects of government regulation on webboard games using a VECM(Vector Error Correction Model). We have acquired the Gametrix time-series data during a year since July 2013. Having the co-integration estimated in the analysis process, we attempt to identify the long-term equilibrium relationship within webboard game industry and predict use time in near future. The results show that the use time has decreased to a third to a fourth comparing to the initial value at the beginning point in 2013. Two representative webboard games are exposed to the significant risks to have less or no use time. Additionally, we discuss the issues of the overall game industry influenced by the changes of webboard games.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.181-203
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• 2011

Transformation towards multicultural society requires discussion on new concepts of citizenship which would overcome some limits of national citizenship developed on the basis of the nation-state. Citizenship can be defined as a relationship between individuals and their community, and conceptualized in a relation with identity. Citizenship also includes its spatial elements such as site and movement, place and public/private space, boundary and territory, flow and network, level and scale, etc. and in particular implies a multi-scalability of local, national, and global level. A new discussion on citizenship has emerged in Japan in shift to multicultural society, especially focusing on activities of local governments and grassroots social movements to support and ensure welfare services to and human rights of foreign immigrants in local communities, hence develops a concept of local citizenship. This concept seems to be highly significant for both foreign immigrants and Japanese dwellers for multicultural coexistence, but raises serious problems of separating local citizenship from formal national citizenship and from universal global citizenship. In order to resolve these problems, a new multiscalar concept of glocal citizenship which links interrelationally local, national and global citizenship. The concept of glocal citizenship is suggested to lead academically a new version of cosmopolitanism which embraces the universal and the particular in a dialectic manner, and to give strategically an alternative to multicultural coexistence policy and discourse and local citizenship discussion in Japan.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.16 no.6_2
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• pp.61-71
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• 2016

In this study, Private investigation in South Korea, while gone through so far of politics, the process of social change, a positive feature, without evolve, insufficient growth and security services of the business burden of national judicial institutions, detective industry international of the negative vicious circle, such as the acquisition of drop and expedient information of competitiveness is continuously induced it is a reality. It is, therefore, to the proposal, such as the following. First, it must be able to use the term "detective". Secondly, in order to verify the validity of this system, after introducing the first private sphere, in accordance with the stepwise its necessity, it is desirable to extend the operational range of the public area. Third, to have a country of qualification to private research workers, will be managed directly from the country is ideal. Fourth, we must also seek plan to specialize the designated educational institution as a commissioned education institution to institution with a faculty and facilities that are specialized. Fifth, the National Police Agency must manage and supervise the private investigation business. Sixth, the legislative form to amend the current security law, as a kind of private security, must be introduced by adding a private trillion business. Therefore, in order to complement the limitation of such studies, additional subsequent research has if it is not carried out.