• 한국학연구
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• no.54
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• pp.299-342
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• 2019

本稿は在日朝鮮人文学の「祖国」における文化翻訳という観点から, その空 間を「戦後日本」から「分断祖国」へ拡張するプロジェクトの一環として, 北朝 鮮の出版․印刷システムによって在日朝鮮人文学が日本の境界を越える過程 に注目しながら, 「公民文学」の意味を分析する.1965年ピョンヤンで発行さ れた『祖国の光の下には, 北朝鮮最初の「在日朝鮮人小説集」で, 林炅相, 朴 元俊, 李殷直, 金在南, その他の作家たちの朝鮮語作品が再収録された.その 際, 金達寿の「夜きたサナイ」だけは日本語短編小説「夜きた男」の朝鮮語翻訳 で収録された.南朝鮮から密航してきた男が, 4․19をきっかけに逆密航する という設定は, 南朝鮮単独の革命を容認する方向に変化した, 北朝鮮の対南 政策ドライブを補うものだった.このような政治的補充は, 翻訳と日本語の コンテクストの積極的な省略を必要とした. 一方, 『祖国の光の下にの出版以降, 数度も北朝鮮で紹介された李殷直 は, 1984年には個人小説集『任務をピョンヤンで発表した.2002年には未発 表の長編小説『ある同胞商工人の物語を北朝鮮で出版するようになったが, 彼はあるインタビューの中で, 「今もなお北朝鮮の在外公民なのか」という質 問に対して, 北朝鮮での出版過程で行われた検閲と介入について暗示した. 南朝鮮の人民たちの革命的覚醒と成長の過程を描き出すことに成功した作品 として扱われた「生活の中で」は, 1971年ピョンヤンの文芸出版社で刊行され た「在日朝鮮作家作品集」の『日光はここにもさすに収録されるようになる. その後, 1984年, 彼の最初の個人小説集だった『任務がピョンヤンで刊行されたときには, 他の作品とともに収録された.1967年の『文学芸術版から 1971年版への改作は, 主に①南朝鮮の「先進性」を想起させる部分の削除, ② 朴正熙政府の「傀儡性」の強調, ③北朝鮮の実在性の強調, という方向で行わ れた.1984年版で注目すべき部分は, 1967年版と1971年版の中で「愛国者」と して言及された李舜臣の内容が削除されたことだ.この削除は1973年の東京 発行版から受け継いだもので, 朴政権が李舜臣を反共と国土統一の先駆者と して英雄化した事実に関わっている.ところが, その過程に含まれていた, 日 本－南朝鮮－北朝鮮を往来する空間的移動と, そして言語体系およびスタイ ルの移動がもつ複雑性は, 積極的な包摂／排除の原理によって形成された「公 民文学」の空間では, ほとんど議論されなかった.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.233-243
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• 2024

Despite the common use of 2D electrical resistivity surveys to investigate active faults buried under Quaternary sediments in Korea, interpretation of the geological characteristics of these faults from resistivity distributions often relies on subjective experience. This reliance on subjective interpretations can lead to inconsistencies and inaccuracies. Therefore, a more systematic and objective approach is required to enhance the reliability and accuracy of geological interpretations. In this study, 2D and 3D electrical resistivity surveys were conducted on two active faults, in the southern Yangsan Fault and the northeastern part of the Gongju Fault, both of which are covered by Quaternary sediments. The relationship between the geological characteristics of the active fault zone and the electrical resistivity was examined, based on the resistivity distribution within the strata. As a result, this study found that the 2D electrical resistivity distribution pattern takes on a vertical form when different rock types are distributed on either side of the fault plane boundary, or when a fracture zone caused by seismic activity is developed on one side of the fault plane within the same rock type. The active fault plane is located at the boundary between areas of relatively high and low resistivity. In addition, because faults exhibit the geological characteristic of being a linear structure, it was found that the 3D electrical resistivity distribution is useful for understanding the spatial distribution of fracture zones. However, because 3D surveys require considerable effort in both fieldwork and interpretation, their application in domestic active fault investigations has been limited. Therefore, the introduction and further development of 3D exploration technology are required in the future.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.435-447
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• 2024

Organic matter, a major pollutant in water pollution, promotes microbial growth when its concentration increases, subsequently reducing dissolved oxygen levels and deteriorating water quality. This study investigated the spatiotemporal variations and water quality characteristics of organic matter across the Geum River basin from upstream (BG) to downstream (YH) over the past decade (2013-2022). The average BOD/TOC ratio of the Geum River basin was 0.64, indicating a predominance of recalcitrant organic matter. Sections with high COD/TOC ratios were associated with the accumulation of recalcitrant organic matter due to agricultural and domestic pollution sources. The oxidation rates of BOD and COD increased downstream, correlating with organic matter loads from domestic sewage and agricultural activities. Analysis of DOC and POC contributions revealed an average composition of 88.4% DOC and 11.6% POC. The correlation between TOC and BOD across monitoring sites ranged from 0.418 to 0.674 (p<0.01), demonstrating a positive relationship. This study suggests that TOC could serve as a substitute for COD as an organic matter indicator in river water quality standards. Furthermore, linking TOC with existing organic matter indicators and predicting pollution levels may support the development of effective watershed pollution management strategies.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.19-32
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• 2024

This study analyzes the relationship between demographic data and land surface temperature (LST) in urban areas using statistical approach. Remote sensing techniques, LST values were used to derive from Landsat 7 ETM+ imagery, while demographic variables-such as employment density and population density-were incorporated from census output area data. Initial modeling with ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was found to be unreliable due to assumption violations, prompting the adoption of a spatial regression approach. The spatial error model ultimately proved most effective in capturing the relationship between LST and demographic factors. Findings revealed a positive correlation between surface temperature and population variables: a 10% increase in employment density corresponded to a 0.095% rise in surface temperature, while a 10% increase in population density led to a 0.085% increase. Dummy variables representing rivers and mountainous areas were incorporated to control for potential overestimation by natural environmental factors, showing a negative correlation with surface temperature. Additionally, residuals exceeding 2.5 standard deviations identified high-temperature zones associated with specialized land use (e.g., military installations, airfields, parking lots, and railway facilities), whereas residuals below -2.5 standard deviations indicated cooler, natural areas.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.263-277
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the accessibility of living SOC in the 1&2 Phase New-towns. The comparison and analysis were conducted by integrating the given data on living SOC in the 1st and 2nd new towns. As the analysis content, the basic data on living SOC in the 1st and 2nd new towns were compared with the regions outside the new towns, and the contents related to living SOC in the residential satisfaction survey were analyzed. The average access distance by type of living SOC was calculated using the National Statistical Map of the National Geographic Information Institute, and the spatial bias of the distribution by type was derived. In the supply of Life SOC, in addition to the qualitative items of housing, the complex and external environment need to be supplied from the beginning, and as the number of households in the new-towns is matured, sports facilities and hospital facilities, etc., are supplied in response to market demand. There is a need to closely review the layout plan to ensure accessibility to the facility. In particular, in terms of layout in the post-corona era, more in-depth consideration is needed on the accessibility of urban parks and facility accessibility for the elderly and children, who are socially disadvantaged, from a subjective perspective. It is expected to be used as basic data for the 3rd New-towns plan to be built in the future.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2000

This study is to investigate and analyze regional patterns of aging in Taejeon Metropolitan city-the overpopulated area of Choong-Cheong Province-by cohort analysis method. According to the population structure transition caused by rapid social and economic changes, Korea has made a rapid progress in population aging since 1970. This trend is so rapid that we should prepare for and cope with aging society. It is not only slow to cope with it in our society, but also there are few studies on population aging of the geographical field in Korea. The data of this study are the reports of Population and Housing Censuses in 1975 and 1985 and General Population and Housing Censuses with 10% sample survey in 1995 taken by National Statistical Office. The research method is to sample as the aging district the area with high aged population rate where the populations over 60 reside among total population during the years of 1975, 1985, 1995 and to sample the special districts of decreasing population where the population decreases very much and the special districts of increasing population in which the population increases greatly, presuming that the reason why aged population rate increases is that non-elderly population high in mobility moves out. It is then verified and ascertained whether it is true or not with cohort analysis method by age. Finally regional patterns in the city are found through the classification and modeling by type based on the aging district, the special districts of decreasing population, and the special districts of increasing population. The characteristics of the regional patterns show that there is social population transition and that non-elderly population moves out. The aging district with the high aged population rate is divided into high-level keeping-up type, relative falling type below the average of Taejeon city in aging progress, and relative rising type above the average of the city. This district can be found at both the central area of the city and the suburbs because Taejeon city has the characteristic of over-bounded city. But it cannot be found at the new built-up area with the in-migration of large population. The special districts of decreasing population where the population continues to decrease can be said to be the population doughnuts found at the CBD and its neighboring inner area. On the other hand, the special districts of increasing population where the population continues to increase are located at the new built-up area of the northern part in Taejeon city. The special districts of decreasing population are overlapping with the aging district and higher in aged population rate by the out-migration of non-elderly population. The special districts of increasing population are not overlapping with the aging district and lower in aged population rate by the in-migration of non-elderly population. To clarify the distribution map of the aging district, the special districts of decreasing and increasing population and the aging district are divided into four groups such as the special districts of decreasing population group-the same one as the aging district, the special districts of decreasing population group, the special districts of increasing population group, and the other district. With the cohort analysis method by age used to investigate the definite increase and decrease of aging population through population transition of each group, it is found that the progress of population aging is closely related to the social population fluctuation, especially that aged population rate is higher with the out-migration of non-elderly population. This is to explain each model of CBD, inner area, and the suburbs after modeling the aging district, the special districts of decreasing population, and the special districts of increasing population in Taejeon city. On the assumption that the city area is a concentric circle, it is possible to divide it into three areas such as CBD(A), the inner area(B), and the suburbs(C). The special districts of increasing and decreasing population in the city are divided into three districts-the special districts of decreasing population(a), the special districts of increasing population(b), and the others(c). The aging district of this city is divided into the aging district($\alpha$) and the others($\beta$). And then modeling these districts, it is probable to find regional patterns in the city. $Aa{\alpha}$ and $Ac{\beta}$ patterns are found in the CBD, in which $Aa{\alpha}$ is the special district of decreasing population and is higher in aged population rate because of aged population low in mobility staying behind and out-migration of non-elderly population. $Ba{\alpha}$, $Ba{\beta}$, $Bb{\beta}$, and $Bc{\beta}$ patterns are found in the inner area, in which neighboring area $Ba{\alpha}$ pattern is located. $Bb{\beta}$ pattern is located at the new developing area of newly built apartment complex. $Cb{\beta}$, $Cc{\alpha}$, and $Cc{\beta}$ patterns are found in the suburbs, among which $Cc{\alpha}$ pattern is highest in population aging. It is likely that the $Cc{\beta}$ under housing land readjustment on a large scale will be the $Cb{\beta}$ pattern. As analyzed above, marriage and out-migration of new family, non-elderly population, with house purchase are main factors in accelerating population aging in the central area of the city. Population aging is responsible for the great increase of aged population with longer life expectancy by the low death rate, the out-migration of non-elderly population, and the age group of new aged population in the suburbs. It is necessary to investigate and analyze the regional patterns of population aging at the time when population problems caused by aging as well as longer life expectancy are now on the increase. I hope that this will help the future study on population aging of the geographical field in Korea. As in the future population aging will be a major problem in our society, local autonomy should make a plan for the problem to the extent that population aging progresses by regional groups and inevitably prepare for it.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.4
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• pp.370-378
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• 2009

This study tries to provide the basic direction to form the arboretum with the distinct features by providing the basic data to help the differentiated strategy for each arboretum. For this purpose, the users' pattern, importance of the indicator by the function, and the stimulation and specialization importance were examined for Daegu Arboretum, Gyeongbuk Arboretum and Gyeongnam Arboretum in Gyeongsang Province. The result says, looking into the functions of arboretum, the collection function showed the highest importance in the preservation of the endangered crisis species; the display function showed the highest in the use as the nature experiencing spaces through the plant exhibition; the research function showed the highest in the study on Plant Systematics; the education function showed the highest in the protection of the native plants; and the recreational function showed the highest in the healthy recreational space. In the plan for the promotion of the arboretum showed the highest in the public education program operation such as the narration from arboretum and education for plant. Therefore, it is considered to need the system setup such as the education program, material development and specialist training in terms of the arboretum. For the specialization plan for arboretum in this study, it seem desirable to concentrate on the research and education related to the natural resources renewal, for Daegu Arboretum; to concentrate on the resort site for the protection and display of the species and the disabled visitors by utilizing the geographical traits in the mountains, for Gyeongbuk Arboretum; to create the specialization plan mainly for the tree species suitable for the warm weather and for the children.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.415-422
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• 2009

Effect of soil salinity variation on the growth of barley, rye and oat was studied at the Hwaong, Iweon and Yeongsangang reclaimed lands in the western seaside of Korea. Soil salinity variation and soil EC were very high for crops to be killed or to be brought serious growth retardation during the growing season at the Iweon and Hwaong reclaimed lands, but fully low not to bring growth retardation at the Yeongsangang reclaimed land. Relation between soil salinity and crop growth and yield was well expressed as logarithmic function. Surface soil EC to reach at 50% of seed-emergence reduction was estimated $6.5dS\;m^{-1}$ for barley and $5.1dS\;m^{-1}$ for rye and oat by logarithmic function. In addition, surface soil EC to reach at 50% of grain yield reduction to the best growth in the experimental site was estimated $5.6dS\;m^{-1}$ for barley, $5.8dS\;m^{-1}$ for rye and $5.7dS\;m^{-1}$ for oat, while soil EC to reach at 50% of dry matter reduction was estimated $5.5dS\;m^{-1}$ for barley, $6.2dS\;m^{-1}$ for rye and $5.8dS\;m^{-1}$ for oat by logarithmic function. Grain yield of barley, rye and oat was 395, 164 and $325kg\;10a^{-1}$ in the Yeongsangang reclaimed lands naturally controlled below condition of $6dS\;m^{-1}$ of soil EC, but no harvest was obtained in the Hwaong and Iweon reclaimed land because of high salinity more than $15dS\;m^{-1}$ in maximum soil EC during growing period. Consequentially, it was concluded that soil salinity must be controlled below $6dS\;m^{-1}$ for good growth and high yield of winter barley, rye and oat in the reclaimed land in Korea.