• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.353-355
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 터널환경에서 전파의 경로 손실 특성을 예측할 수 있도록 시뮬레이터를 개발하였다. 전파의 경로를 정확히 분석하기 위하여 image theory 방법을 이용하였으며, 직선 터널 구간뿐만 아니라 곡선 터널 구간에서도 전파 손실을 예측할 수 있도록 구현하였다. 시뮬레이터는 다양한 변수들을 입력받아 실시간으로 전파 경로를 도식화하여 결과를 보여줄 수 있으며, 송신부와 수신부의 위치를 변경하며 결과를 예측할 수도 있다. 개발된 시뮬레이터를 다양한 직석터널과 곡선터널에 적용하여 결과를 비교 분석하였다.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.309-320
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• 2012

Dynamic behaviors of the tunnel linings of curved tunnels with various curvatures are investigated to examine the effect of wind loads due to passing vehicles. In the case without backfill, the responses of the tunnel lining should be considered to examine the clearance of the lining. A steel tunnel lining is selected to see the influence of the wind load upon the tunnel lining more clearly. The wind pressure upon the lining is simplified into the pressure and suction while the vehicle passing the loading positions. As the radius of curvature decreases, the response decreases, showing that the strength against the deformation is found to increase since the asymmetry of the deformation shape is reduced. It is found that the responses increase as the passing vehicle speed increases.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.196-200
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• 2010

The number of railway tunnels has been increasing rapidly. Although fires in long railway tunnels are rare, the consequences can be devastating. Prior to this study, there were no adequate time-temperature curves for the fire safety assessment of Korean railway tunnels. We studied a standard foreign time-temperature curve for which the heat rate is based on the traffic and the types of vehicles. We then proposed a hydrocarbon curve as a fire design model for railway tunnels in Korea. We examined the implications of this proposed model on railway tunnel structures using numerical analysis.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.165-176
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• 2005

A variety of research projects have been undertaken due to the recent catastrophic tunnel fires throughout the world, Among them, more emphasis was given to full scale and scale model fire experiments, and recently the area of fire resistance of tunnel structures attract more interests, On the contrary to the cases in most of the advanced countries where design standards as well as recommendations have already been announced, no local criteria for design can be found, This paper aims at deriving the fire characteristics appropriate for the assessment criteria of fire resistance of structures in local tunnels through studying the existing fire temperature curves including ISO 834 standard temperature curve, HC curve, RWS curve, ZTV curve and EBA curve.

• Magazine of korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.34-45
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• 2003

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.10A
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• pp.1014-1019
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• 2006

The research deals with the measurement of electromagnetic wave propagation in subway tunnels at 2.65GHz. Measurements have been conducted in 4 different types of tunnel courses, a straight tunnel, two curved tunnels, with 245m and 500m radius of curvature, and a tunnel that has both straight and curved sections. we found that the path loss exponent for the line-of-sight(LOS) region inside all the tunnels is $1.31{\sim}2.19$. The path loss exponents for LOS regions in the tunnel is lower than $(3{\sim}4)$, which corresponds to the path loss exponent factor for outdoor cellular environments. The path loss exponents of the straight tunnel, two curved tunnels with 245m and 500m radius of curvature are 1.94, 2.92, and 4.34, respectively. This indicates that a smaller radius of curvature in tunnel results in a higher path loss exponent for nonline-of-sight(NLOS) region. The path loss exponents for the NLOS region in the combined and curved tunnel, which have the same radii of cuvature, are 5.88 and 4.34, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that the path loss characteristics in tunnel environments are infulenced by the radii of curvature as well as the LOS distance.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.181-190
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• 2003

The convergence-confinement method is an attempt to evaluate tunnel stability conditions by means of a mathematical model and a ground response curve. In this study, the convergence-confinement method by numerical model was examined. This method don't need the basic assumptions for a mathematical model. Also This is applicable to general tunnel. According to the results of this study, the change of shotcrete stiffness and the load-distribution ratio used for 2-Dimension numerical analysis are not signficant factors. The ground response curve and the support reaction curve are mutually dependent. Especially the support reaction curve depends upon the ground response curve. The mechanism of tunnel must be analyzed by the interaction between support and ground. Consequently the stability of tunnel must be qualitatively investigated by a ground response curve and quantitatively adjudged by a numerical analysis for the reasonable design of tunnel.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.183-204
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• 2007

When a tunnel is excavated below groundwater table, the groundwater flows into the excavated wall of tunnel and seepage forces are acting on the tunnel wall. Such seepage forces significantly affect the ground reaction curve which is defined as the relationship between internal pressure and radial displacement of tunnel wall. In this paper, seepage forces arising from the ground water flow into a tunnel were estimated quantitatively. Magnitude of seepage forces was decided based on hydraulic gradient distribution around tunnel. Using these results, the theoretical solutions of ground reaction curve with consideration of seepage forces under steady-state flow were derived. A no-support condition and a supported condition with grouted bolts and shotcrete lining were considered, respectively. The theoretical solution derived in this study was validated by numerical analysis. The changes in the ground reaction curve according to various cover depths and groundwater table conditions were investigated. Based on the results, the application limit of theoretical solutions was suggested.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.733-747
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• 2017

In the shallow tunnel, the surrounding ground could be loosened and deformed, which could be the cause of stress change in the ground. Terzaghi has clarified the development of a ground arching induced by the deformation of a tunnel crown in the trap door tests. However, he considered only the case in which that the tunnel crown deformed uniformly. He did not consider the effect of deformation shapes. Therefore, the relation between the shape of the ground relaxation above the tunnel crown and the deformation shape of the tunnel crown is not clear yet. In this study, model tests were performed for the three types of the tunnel crown, such as uniform, concave and convex shapes. As results, it was found that the vertical load would be transferred in various types depending on the deformation shapes of the tunnel crown.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.106-111
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• 2011

철도차량의 화재 시 방출되는 열방출률 곡선은 철도터널 설계 시 방재규모를 결정하는 중요한 인자이다. 하지만 이 열방출률 곡선은 차량에서 발생할 수 있는 화원의 시나리오 및 터널복사나 주변유동과 같은 환경변화에 따라서 다른 특성을 가진다. 따라서 이를 포괄할 수 있도록 대표선도로 표준화된 화재곡선을 선정하여 터널의 설계화재로 사용하게 된다. 본 논문은 실물화재 시험 및 FDS를 이용한 철도차량 화재시뮬레이션과 ISO 9705 설비를 이용한 간단한 화재시험 등의 결과를 분석하여 플래시오버 전 후 단계에서 나타나는 철도차량의 화재곡선 특성을 분석하고 룸코너 시험설비를 이용하여 프리플래시오버 단계의 화재곡선 추정 방안을 제시하였다.