• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.57
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• pp.301-330
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• 2014

Varied opinions have been raised on Sushen's regional activities. These are Hwabuk drift theory, Shandong Peninsula drift theory, Liaotung Peninsula theory and the theory of Eastern Area in Heilongjiang Province. The theory of Sushen Dongbei that Sushen's regional activities are the Eastern Area in Heilongjiang Province is widely accepted in the chinese academia. However, this paper try to criticize the theory of Sushen Dongbei on the basis of archeological data. Prehistoric monuments of the Eastern Area in Heilongjiang Province are Singaeryu remains, Sonamsan remains, Aenggaryeong remains, Seokhoejang remains, Jinheung remains and Aporyeok remains. Residential group in the Eastern Area of Heilongjiang Province lived the economic life of fishing and hunting and were involved with primitive agriculture only in partial area. Its society was patriarchal clan steps of phallocentrism. By considering the cultural exchange between the Eastern Area in Heilongjiang Province and Chinese dynasty, the aspect of cultural exchange in two areas was unascertainable. Therefore, the theory of Sushen Dongbei is a mistake in Chenshou's "Sanguozhi" and nothing but a theory that base on the unified theory of Zhonghua minzu and the nationalistic intention in China.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.344-354
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• 2020

Identification of the target species of 2-MIB (2-methyllisoborneol) production is crucial in the management of off-flavor problem in the freshwater system. This study was conducted to identify 2-MIB-producing Pseudanabaena strains occurring in the North Han River system using molecular genetic method. Eleven phenotypes of Pseudanabaena were isolated from several mainstream sites of the North Han River, including Sambong-ri, Joam-myun, and Lake Uiam areas. Despite of morphological similarity of the strains, the phylogenetic analysis using 16S rDNA classified them into different species with low genetic similarity (40~55%). Isolated Pseudanabaena strains were converged to four species; Pseudanabaena cinerea, P. yagii, P. mucicola, and P. redekei. Among them, the 2-MIB synthesizing gene (mibC) was detected in P. cinerea, P. yagii, and P. redekei. However, actual 2-MIB production was detected only in P. cinerea and P. redekei based on gas chromatography analysis. This study is the first report of the molecular identification of Pseudanabaena strains and their 2-MIB production potential in Korea. The results of this study provides an evidence of species diversity of Pseudanabaena occurring in the North Han River.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.318-325
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• 2021

The objective of this study was to identify the effect of zebularine, a DNA methylation inhibitor, on the chromosomal association between homoeologous chromosomes in the wheat genetic background. Zebularine at a final concentration of 10 µM was used to treat the spikes of the double monosomic wheat addition line (DMA) with one Leymus mollis chromosome and one Leymus racemosus chromosome, both of which were in a homoeologous relationship. In late prophase, zebularine led to chromosome breakage in the Leymus homoeologous chromosomes. Chromosome breakage caused an increase in the frequency of chromosomal associations between the Leymus homoeologous chromosomes. Ordinary DMA showed 65 cells (35.3%) with chromosomal associations and 119 cells (64.7%) with no association, whereas treated DMA showed 102 cells (60.0%) with chromosomal associations and 67 cells (39.4%) with no association. In diakinesis, the Leymus bivalent showed a chromosomal association in the whole euchromatic region. In metaphase, the Leymus bivalent showed association in the whole chromosomal region, unlike other Leymus bivalents with partial chromosomal association. Chromosomal association by chromosome breakage occurred not only between Leymus chromosomes but also between Leymus and wheat chromosomes. The frequency of other chromosomal association (such as fusion and insert) was increased. Chromosome breakage by zebularine treatment is a useful method at the chromosome level as the spores with others are hereditary stable, although the homologous index (h) was not significantly different between ordinary DMA and treated DMA. It is necessary to study how to control zebularine treatment with a more stable concentration for chromosome breakage during meiosis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.435-442
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• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different raising periods (24 and 48 months) on the physico-chemical quality and fatty acid composition of meat from Korean native black goats. In terms of proximate composition, the meat from the 24-month age-group of the goats contained lower moisture and protein content and higher fat and ash content than that from the 48-month age-group. With an increase in age, moisture and protein content increased, whereas fat and ash content decreased. The pH was higher as was the cooking loss in the meat from the 24-month age-group than in the meat from the 48-months age-group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the water-holding capacity and shear force of the meat from the two breeding periods (p > 0.05). A color analysis showed that the meat from the 24-month age-group had higher L*, a*, and b* values than the 48-month age-group (p < 0.05). The fatty acid composition and palmitic acid content increased with an increase in rearing periods, whereas stearic acid and oleic acid content decreased. The proportion of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid content was lower and higher, respectively, at 24 months of age and 48 months of age (p < 0.05).

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.185-201
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• 2018

Nuclear power plants(NPP) are constructed and operated to ensure safety against natural disasters and man-made disasters in all processes including site selection, site survey, design, construction, and operation. This paper will introduce a series of efforts conducted in Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power Co. Ltd., to assure the safety of nuclear power plant against earthquakes and other natural hazards. In particular, the present status of the earthquake, fault, and slope safety monitoring system for nuclear power plants is introduced. A earthquake observatory network for the NPP sites has been built up for nuclear safety and providing adequate seismic design standards for NPP sites by monitoring seismicity in and around NPPs since 1999. The Eupcheon Fault Monitoring System, composed of a strainmeter, seismometer, creepmeter, Global Positioning System, and groundwater meter, was installed to assess the safety of the Wolsung Nuclear Power Plant against earthquakes by monitoring the short- and long-term behavioral characteristics of the Eupcheon fault. Through the analysis of measured data, it was verified that the Eupcheon fault is a relatively stable fault that is not affected by earthquakes occurring around the southeastern part of the Korean peninsula. In addition, it was confirmed that the fault monitoring system could be very useful for seismic safety analysis and earthquake prediction study on the fault. K-SLOPE System for systematic slope monitoring was successfully developed for monitoring of the slope at nuclear power plants. Several kinds of monitoring devices including an inclinometer, tiltmeter, tension-wire, and precipitation gauge were installed on the NPP slope. A macro deformation analysis using terrestrial LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) was performed for overall slope deformation evaluation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.461-466
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• 2014

Three plant species, Aster sphathulifolius, Sedum oryzifolium, and Lysimachia mauritiana, native to the Dokdo Islands in South Korea, were examined for rhizosphere microorganisms by using 16S rDNA sequences. Nine species of rhizosphere microorganisms were isolated from the three native plant species, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the microorganisms could be classified into 19 species belonging to four phyla (Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria), and the characteristics of the microbes were confirmed. Rhizosphere microorganisms from the six orders (Bacillales, Corynebacteriales, Flavobacteriales, Micrococcales, Oceanospirillales, and Rhodobacterales) were isolated from S. oryzifolium. From L. mauritiana, microbes belonging to the seven orders (Bacillales, Flavobacteriales, Micrococcales, Oceanospirillales, Rhizobiales, and Rhodobacterales) were isolated. From A. sphathulifolius, the six orders of rhizosphere microorganisms (Alteromonadales, Bacillales, Corynebacteriales, Flavobacteriales, Micrococcales, and Rhizobiales) were isolated. These data showed that Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla for the rhizosphere of all three plants. To confirm the bacterial diversity in rhizospheres, Shannon's diversity index (H') was used at the genus level. In these data, the rhizosphere from S. oryzifolium and L. mauritiana had more diverse bacteria compared to that from A. sphathulifolius.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 1982

Carpophores of ten Korean strains of Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Singer, an antitumor polysaccharide producing fungus, were extracted with 0.1N NaOH solution. The extracts were dialized for seven days in distilled water and lyophilized to produce crude polysaccharide powders. Thus obtained crude polysaccharide samples were assayed for sugar contents by colorimetric method with anthrone reagent. Among ten strains examined Lentinus edododes-DMC7 was found to be the richest strain in polysaccharide content of carpophores. By shake culture experiment for biomass production, L. edodes-DMC7 was found to be the second most productive strain among seven strains examined. Cultural characteristics of L. edodes-DMC7 were investigated by shake culture method. The best result was obtained when L. edodes-DMC7 was cultured in the medium containing glucose 8g, starch 80g, yeast extract 12g, $KH_2PO_4\;0.87g,\;MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;O.5g,\;CaCl_2\;0.3g,\;FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;10mg\;ZnSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O\;4mg,\;CuSO_4{\cdot}5H_2O\;lmg,\;MnCl_2{\cdot}4H_2O\;7mg\;per\;11\;at\;28^{\circ}C$, 180 rpm, for 12 days. Thus thirty-three grams of dry mycelia was obtained per one liter of medium.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.369-380
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• 2023

Developing and breeding improved legume-based food resources require collecting useful genetic traits with heritability even though requiring some time-consuming, costly, and labor intensive. We attempted to infer heritability of nine genetic traits-days to flowering, days to maturity, period from flowering to maturity, the number of seeds per pod, 100-seeds weight, and four contents such as crude protein, crude oil, crude fiber, and dietary fiber-using 455 homologous chloroplast gene sets of six species of legumes. Correlation analysis between genetic trait differences and phylogenetic distance of homologous gene sets revealed that days to flowering, the number of seeds per pod, and crude oil content were influenced by genetic factors rather than environmental factors by 62.86%, 69.45%, 57.14% of correlated genes (P-value ≤ 0.05) and days to maturity showed intermediate genetic effects by 62.42% (P-value ≤ 0.1). The period from flowering to maturity and 100-seeds weight showed different results compared to those of some previous studies, which may be attributed to highly complicated internal (epistatic or additive gene effects) and external effects (cultural environment and human behaviors). Despite being slightly unexpected, our results and method can widely contribute to analyze heritability by including genetic information on mitochondria, nuclear genome, and single nucleotide polymorphisms.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.255-263
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• 2008

Bacteria that antagonize plant pathogenic fungi were isolated from the sediment soil at the Ansan industrial estate. One isolate of them showed growth inhibition of Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cenerea, and Fusarium oxysporum. This strain was identified as Pandoraea sp. based on phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics and termed Pandoraea sp. BCNU 315. Tryptone as nitrogen source and sucrose as carbon source were found to be most effective for the microbial growth. In addition, the optimum temperature and pH for microbial growth were $30^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0, respectively. The substances generated from Pandoraea sp. BCNU 315 were purified and analyzed by column chromatography, HPLC, GC-MS and NMR. As a result, one compound was determined to be indole, another compound was predicted as cyclopentadecaheptene. Detailed structural clarification of the all of the rest six compounds from Pandoraea sp. BCNU 315 has to be accompanied in the further studies.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.85-98
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• 1985

The present study was carried out light and electron microscopic analysis of the structures of the tritocerebral neurons in butterfly (Pieris rapae Linne) from Insecta. We have summarized our morphological analyses as follows: In insecta, tritocerebrum of butterfly shows tentatively classified 6 neuronal types without any arrangement of cell layers. Type I cells with long oval or spindle shape are the largest out of 6 kinds. The nucleus contains a small amount of chromatin. In the large volume of cytoplasm there contained rich cell organelles except granular endoplasmic reticulum. Type II cells are smaller than type I neurons, but their ultrastructural features are similar to type I neuron. They have well-developed granular endoplasmic reticulum. Type III cells are spherical or triangular and smaller than type I neuron with spherical nuclei. Cell organelles are mostly prominent, esp., mitochondria, ribosomes and fine fibrils which are arranged in periphery of the cytoplasm.