• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.94-111
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• 2019

This study aims to examine the evolutionary process of the protection-management system for historic monuments and their surroundings in France over one-hundred years. Because France and Korea shared policies and institutions regarding the management of historical monuments (cultural property) along with their surroundings, it is necessary to explore the French experience from a comparative perspective. In France, historical monuments began to be recognized as national heritage according to "the 1913 law" which has continued to evolve for more than one hundred years. In the beginning, a historical monument was preserved as a single building unit; however, since 1943, a new policy has been implemented to preserve sets of historical monuments along with their perimeters of protection zones. Moreover, since 1980, in the context of decentralization, local authorities have been given more roles and autonomy concerning the management of historic monuments and their surroundings. Local authorities have played a key role in the protection-management of historic monuments and their surroundings, and have become more active in the conservation of their architectural heritage, including historic monuments. The central government, however, remains as the headquarters whose rigorous policies provide a solid foundation for the decentralized management system of architectural and cultural heritage, including historic monuments. The final goal in the evolutionary process, then, targets the effective and harmonious integration of the protection-management system for historic monuments and their surroundings into urban and regional planning.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.37-45
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• 2000

In recent years two reflection methods, i.e. GPR and seismic Impact-Echo, are usually performed to obtain the information about tunnel lining structures composed of concrete lining, shotcrete, water barrier, and voids at the back of lining. However, they do not lead to a desirable resolution sufficient for the inspection of tunnel safety, due to many problems of interest including primarily (1) inner thin layers of lining structure itself in comparison with the wavelength of source wavelets, (2) dominant unwanted surface wave arrivals, (3) inadequate measuring strategy. In this sense, seismic physical modeling is a useful tool, with the use of the full information about the known physical model, to handle such problems, especially to study problems of wave propagation in such fine structures that are not amenable to theory and field works as well. Thus, this paper deals with various results of seismic physical modeling to enable to show a possibility of detecting the inner layer boundaries of tunnel lining structures. To this end, a physical model analogous to a lining structure was built up, measured and processed in the same way as performed in regular reflection surveys. The evaluated seismic section gives a clear picture of the lining structure, that will open up more consistent direction of research into the development of an efficient measuring and processing technology.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.50
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• pp.389-423
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• 2016

This paper aims at examining the local records management under the influence of the Public Archives Act established in 2009 through a case study of prefectures and large cities with prefectural level dominions in Japan. The records management in local government has been carried out on the basis of 'the document management rule' in administrative agencies without the public archives management law. Modification of laws and ordinances in relation with records and archives management and reorganization of archives are proceeding to realize 'proper records management' in local government. Even if the content and levels are varied due to the situational conditions of local governments, the unitary records management system covering 'current and non-current' records is being adopted through the establishment of records management ordinances. In the process, local archives are pursuing strengthening and extension of their authorities and functions on records management. In addition, it is identified that observation of the provisions of records management ordinance is reinforced with public announcement of retention schedule and operation of public records management committees. These changes in local governments reflect the thought that administrative records are the intellectual property of the public and the intent of the law that accountability for the public should be achieved through the proper records management.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.111-140
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• 2019

The Bioethics and Safety Act provides a set of rules to regulate biobanks and research activities using human biological material, but the law seems to be defective in several folds. The law requires that, prior to collection or use of human biological materials, researchers should obtain the informed consent of the donors, but the law does not obligate biobanks to do so. Even in cases where the law requires informed consent, the ordinance of the Ministry of Health and Welfare allows open (or blanket) consent. In addition, a new article in the Act, Article 42-2 which will take effect from October 24, 2019, allows medical institutions to provide biobanks with remaining biospecimens collected in the course of diagnosis and treatment, unless the donors express their intent to opt-out, without obtaining specific consent from them. Given the need to protect the autonomy of donors and the unique characteristics of biobanks and research activities that use human biological materials, this paper concludes that such open consent-based law may not be suitable to protect the autonomy of the donors and that the broad consent requirement may be a desirable policy option. The paper acknowledges that the international community has long questioned whether broad consent (as well as open consent) is an effective choice to regulate the use of human biological materials. The paper stresses that the baseline requirement in designing the law is that the secondary use of human biological materials should be based on informed consent of the donors; the core value of the law should be a governance structure that promotes transparency and protects donor participation.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.30
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• pp.9-20
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to consider factors such as one's sight of viewing afar, expressional principles, and basic aesthetic category, which are treated importantly by the poets of the Joseon Dynasty era in appreciating nature. 'Afar' of the viewing afar is actual distance and aesthetic distance at the same time. Viewing afar is to find geographical features, depth, and details of a mountain, seeing the whole nature at a high place. Also, it can make possible escape from the external limitation of nature and get mental superiority and enhancement. Ultimately, viewing afar is to find out everlasting change of the nature and reason of natural creation. One's sight in viewing afar makes an appreciator's mind empty and calm, and it makes chance to harmonize human with nature. Viewing afar is to unite human nature to naturality beyond realistic value, idea, and artificiality. The mind from viewing afar has peacefulness and it is a state of serenity without any secular atmosphere. Viewing afar is an eye for beauty to leap toward an endless free state from narrow sight about objects. It rejects modification and technics in achieving an world of harmony. It means that objects should not be restrained by human's recognition. There are three expressions, which are high, horizontal, and transcendental viewing afar. The aesthetic category and beauty of peaceful mental state are realized by the expressions. The peaceful mental state makes peaceful mind from realistic conflicts and makes us experience a profound reason of nature.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.245-255
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• 2011

Korea ship management industry originated from overseas seamen employment business since 1963 in the Republic of Korea. Recently, new trend of shipping business has developed in a separate way with ship's ownership and management, that is, cargo business which is in charge of shipowner and practical affairs for ship operation which is in charge of specialized ship management company. Ship Management Industry is being focused as a new development engine with the anticipation of continuous development over 10% a year leading a competitiveness and saving cost in the world market. Therefore, "Draft Ship Management Industry Development Act" was suggested by the shipping business group and academic scholars as a result of continuous research for a long time. This was also submitted to the national assembly for adoption as a national law. The purpose of this paper is to make a contribution to the development of Korea ship management industry through the consideration of each article of this draft Act implications and suggestion of legal and institutional improvements. The result of this study will ultimately contribute to the growth of the Korean ship management industry and enhance their business scope internationally. For the above mentioned purpose, I focus on nurturing and supporting Korea ship management industry, and accreditation of superior ship management industry, etc. within the scope of the submitted draft act.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.7-8
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• 2020

지속가능한 국가 발전을 위한 물관리 정책은 항상 국정 과제의 중심에 있다. 물관리는 수재해예방, 양질의 안정된 물이용, 충분한 식량생산, 수생태계와 물환경의 보호, 효과적 재정투자 등과 같이 다양한 분야에 계층적이면서도 상호연계성 있는 전문성을 요구한다. 동시에 물관리의 효과와 편익은 경제활동의 기반이 되고 환경보전의 원천이므로 정책의 수요는 정부뿐만 아니라 국민과 더불어 자연으로부터 기인한다. 특히 기후변화의 불확실성 또는 감염병 대발생과 국가적 위기에도 지속가능한 국가 발전을 이행하기 위해서는 시의성 있고 유효한 물관리 정책은 필수이다. 그동안 우리나라 물관리 정책의 세분화 또는 파편화는 물관리 전문성 강화의 효과보다는 비효율성의 결과를 더 크게 생산해 왔었다. 특히 부족한 협력과 조정은 과잉·중복 투자, 비일관적 정책, 비효율적 성과라는 왜곡된 통합물관리 정책 순환이 반복되게 하였다. 최근 정부는 국토교통부의 하천수량(홍수 포함) 및 광역상수도 관리 기능을 환경부로 이관하는 물관리일원화를 추진하여 통합물관리의 발판을 마련하는 계기를 달성하였다. 하지만 비록 정부조직법 개정과 물관리기본법 제정으로 통합물관리 정책의 틀은 마련되었으나, 국토교통부가 하천법 상의 일부 사무를 담당하므로서 하천관리 정책의 복잡성과 다원화는 높아졌다. 따라서 하천의 이용 및 관리에 관한 만족도, 관리주체, 미래상, 물관리일원화 후 정책수요, 기후변화에 관한 인식, 하천관리 참여 의향 등을 조사하는 연구는 시급한 실정이며 향후 하천기본계획, 생태하천복원사업, 소하천정비사업 등과 같은 재정사업의 추진 방향에도 매우 중요한 주제라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재와 미래 하천의 이용 및 관리, 그리고 정책방향에 대하여 일반 시민(4,500명)과 전문가(168명) 대상의 설문조사를 실시하였으며 인식의 공통점과 차이를 비교분석하였다. 설문조사의 내용은 3가지 부문(하천이용, 하천관리, 하천정책)으로 구분하여 각 부문별로 세부문항으로 구성하였다. 일반 시민과 전문가 간의 인식조사 비교 결과, 공통적으로 시민과 전문가는 하천의 바람직한 미래상으로 '깨끗한 수질의 하천'을 가장 높게 선호하였다. 하천관리 우선순위를 묻는 질문에 대한 시민과 전문가의 응답도 대하천, 도랑이나 개울, 중하천, 소하천 순으로 동일하였지만, 1순위와 2순위의 격차는 시민(26.1%)보다 전문가(1.2%)가 낮았다. 또한 시민과 전문가는 하천관리의 주체로 '물전문기관'을 가장 높게 선호하였지만, 전문가는 '물전문기관' 다음으로 중앙부처(20.2%)를 선호하였지만, 시민은 중앙부처(6.8%)를 가장 선호하지 않는 하천관리 주체로 응답하여 두 집단 간의 큰 인식의 차이를 알 수 있었다. 물관리일원화 후 보다 큰 관심을 가져야할 정책으로는 '건강하고 깨끗한 수질'을 시민(38.9%)과 전문가(47.0%)는 1순위로 선택하였으나, 2순위는 시민은 '생태서식공간'(11.6%)을 전문가는 '안정적 수량확보'(20.2%)를 선택하여 두 집단의 인식 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.44
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• pp.85-116
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• 2015

Found in 23 Dec 1953 to cope with illegal fishing of foreign ships and coastal guard duty, Korea Coast Guard was re-organized as an office under Ministry of Public Safety since the outbreak of sinking of passenger ship "Sewolho". In the course of re-organization, intelligence and investigation duty were transferred to Police Department except "Cases happened on the sea". But the definition of intelligence duty is vague and there are lots of disputes over the jurisdiction and range of activities. With this situation in consideration, the object of this study is to analyse legal and institutional characteristic of KCG Intelligence, to compare them to that of Police Department, foreign agencies like Japan Coast Guard and US Coast Guard, to expose the limit and to suggest solution. To summarize the conclusion, firstly, in the legal side, there is no legal basis on intelligence in [The Government Organization Act], no regulation for mission, weak basis in application act. Secondly, in the institutional side, stated in the minor chapter of [The Government Organization Act], 'the cases happened on sea' is a quite vague definition, while guard, safety, maritime pollution duty falls under 'on the sea' category, intelligence fell to 'Cases happened on the sea' causing coast guard duty and intelligence have different range. In addition, reduced organization and it's manpower led to ineffective intelligence activities. In the case of Police Department, there is definite lines on 'administration concerning public security' in [The Government Organization Act], specified the range of intelligence activities as 'collect, make and distribute information concerning public security' which made the range of main duty and intelligence identical. Japanese and US coast guards also have intelligence branch and performing activities appropriate for the main missions of the organizations. To have superiority in the regional sea, neighboring countries Japan and China are strengthening on maritime power, China has launched new coast guard bureau, Japan has given the coast guard officers to have police authority in the regional islands, and to support the objectives, specialized intelligence is organized and under development. To secure maritime sovereignty and enhance mission capability in maritime safety duty, it is strongly recommended that the KCG intelligence should have concrete legal basis, strengthen the organization and mission, reinforce manpower, and ensure specialized training administrative system.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.23-32
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• 2012

The police is responsible for protecting nation's property and life. Protecting nation from crime among the core duties is the most important activity of the police. But the big problem on reported crime system of the police was founded in the recent Suwon incident. Unfortunately, the unprofessional response made a toll of human sacrifice. Taking this opportunity, we need to consider closely the problems of the reported crime and system of the police and the solutions on the problems. This study analyzes the reported crime system of the police from the law and institutional and try to seek the solutions. This study searches the management status of the police system and arranges the problems in legal and institutional terms. And then, it arranges the solutions on the problems.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.589-598
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• 2013

The research about nursing students' experience on the clinical environment observation is essential to developed effective strategy for clinical education and to improve quality for clinical practice of nursing education. This study is aimed to above goal by the report about nursing students' experience on emergency room environmental observation. The number of participants is 30 nursing students who are senior in the practicing at emergence room. Data analysis was centered on scrutinizing the contents of the participants' replies in order to deduce any relevant meaning. Also, data were analyzed by the meaning of learning based on self-examination through the practical learning. The positive and negative topics stated. Nursing students' experience on emergency room observation will supply the thinking about their own self-portrait in near future, and will give self reflection about correct nursing interventions to nursing students.