• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.400-416
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• 2010

China's inbound tourism became one of the key drivers for economic growth with open-door policy in 1978 and has experienced the fast growth over the past three decades. In 2008, China, as one of the world's leading tourist destinations, is ranked the 4th globally in the number of inbound overnight tourists. Based on China tourism statistics, this paper aims to examine the growth of inbound tourist flows at the national level and the changing spatial distribution by comparing between 1995 and 2008 at the regional level (31 province-level regions) in China. In particular, the spatial distributions of tourist flows from the 6 main generating countries (South Korea, Japan, Singapore, U.S.A., Germany, and Russia) are more concretely analyzed. For five countries except Russia, with slight differences by country, while the eastern area of China is still the most popular destination and western part remains the least visited area, the central part is witnessing the increasing popularity. Russia shows an obvious difference, presenting the spatial pattern that tourist flows are mainly concentrated in the northern and the most southern part of China. This paper helps to understand the dynamics of China's regional changes from an inbound tourism perspective.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.213-224
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• 2002

We've already living our lives in the 21s1 century. This century, even alone, means enormous changes and innovations. Namely, we have been encountering various forms of generation changes such as digital generation, globalization generation, consumer generation, and brand power generation. Among these, there have been extraordinary changes in consumers and the environment of consumer market, and it is noteworthy of paying attention to the transition of the leader of the consumer market from producers to consumers. Such changes will affect not only all fields related to market environment but also entire fields including future products and sales. Hereupon, it is intended to foresee and analyze the trend in the consumer market of the 21st century and investigate changes in the consumer market and the environment of consumers. Also, the world has brought a single space of economy along with globalization and the era of self-imposed competition, and multi-national enterprises have emerged and, at the same time, their brands can be seen around the world. Hence, they have been trying to maintain their own power brands for the century. In the past, brand meant the name of a product in general. But, in the present, it has another meaning such that the brand itself provides psychological satisfaction and trustworthiness. Hereupon, this study intends to foresee changes in the trend of the consumer market of the 21s1 century, to ,outlook the trend of the consumer market along with study of power brand strategies, and to pursue creative strategies for power brand.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.35
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• pp.289-317
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• 1998

This study aims to review and evaluate the changes of the British social housing policy under the Conservative government(1979-1997), and to get some implications for the Korean case. The Conservatives tried to diminish the role of state in the realm of social welfare :in general, and to retreat the social housing policy in particular as a reaction to the' welfare state crisis' started from the early 1970s. In the realm of housing policy, privatisation and marketisation including the massive sale of council houses were driven enthusiastically. Public expenditure cut and redirection of the housing subsidy scheme were also implemented according to the changed policy orientation. The clear visible results of the policy changes can be seen as follows; radical changes of the housing tenure distribution, changing role of local authorities, and the worsening housing problems- housing shortages, residualisation, affordability problem, deepening dependency and the negative distribution of housing subsidy etc. Furthermore the goal of public expenditure cut, in fact, was not accomplished successfully. The results of this study support the argument that the Neo-liberalistic approach to the 'welfare state crisis' have resulted in reconstruction and redirection rather than total abolition of the role of state in welfare provision. This conclusion could provide important implications to Korean case, especially concerning the role of state in the social housing policy.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• no.36
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• pp.29-53
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• 2008

Being the most populated country in the world, China's one-child policy is its basic national policy. This basic national policy is implemented together with the Maternity Insurance, which is one of the five main social insurances in the Chinese society. The Maternity Insurance is society's way of recognizing women's contribution towards child- bearing and is of utmost important significance. However, with regard to women who are not living within the city or are not working, not only are they not the target for one-child policy, they are also unable to receive the social benefit from the Maternity Insurance. Among the conditions for payment of the Maternity Insurance is the adherence to the one-child policy. Ultimately, working women living in towns and cities adhering to the one-child policy will have a positive influence on the Maternity Insurance. However this places a restriction on reducing the discrepancies to benefit from the Maternity Insurance. On the contrary, women from the villages and those moving between towns and cities are those who really need the Maternity Insurance and yet are unable to benefit from it. While we improve on the Maternity Insurance to include this group of women, we have to at the same time consider the effect it has on the one-child policy. The reformation of the Maternity Insurance has to embody the principle of a harmonious society. It has to have a certain order in the country's national policies, so as to be included in the economic policies of towns and villages.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.103-133
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• 2018

The modern world stands on the cusp of massive change in connection with the 4th industrial revolution. Following developed countries, developing countries also try to grow and keep up with the flow. Among them, trough the international cooperation government of Kazakhstan decided to include the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme(IBDP) into the Nazarbayev Intellectual School(NIS) in April 2013. The goal of this study is to analyze the efficiency of introduction and implementation of the IBDP in the NIS and to consider the possibility of implementing this program in regular schools. To achieve the research goal, was applied the CIPP evaluation model(context - input - process - product) to assess IBDP program systematically. The analysis of empirical data collected due to the results of the international school system implementation, also in this study were used the results of questionnaires and interviews with the students and teachers who took part in the IBDP educational program. The results of the analysis showed that the average satisfaction of teachers and students who participated in IBDP was 3.64 points, however they pointed out the problems with management and organizations of the program, the establishment of a variety of subjects, recruitment of IBDP teachers etc. These measures would help to raise the status of school to the internationalization.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.18
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• pp.449-480
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• 2009

In this paper, I tried to study the change of the Chinese performing arts market during the 10th 5year development plan, from year 2001 to year 2005 by both of the quantitative and qualitative analysis, because it's really the time when we need to understand the growing market of chinese culture along with the development of the Chinese cultural industry. During that period, the Chinese government developed the policy to establish a healthy cultural market and strengthen it's cultural power; the parts who product the piece of performing arts including the performing troupes, the theatres and the production companies were consolidated and became familiar to market through the reformation of the organization; and the audience who consume the performing arts and entertainments still shows very Chinese characteristics in the cities and villages. In the village, the audiences invite the troupe to play their local theatre in many occasions of their life according to their traditional beliefs, also somehow to show their wealth. The fact that the local governments and the companies are very important consumer groups in China is also very 'Chinese' characteristics. It means that Chinese performing arts are still more or less under the influence of the political ideas. Nonetheless it is worthy of notice that Chinese performing arts not only develope the new contents in very creative way and also try to learn the knowhow of the excellent items of foreign countries by inviting them to the festivals or organize a co-productions on the basis of the upgraded cultural power through the 10th 5 year development plan.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.279-303
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• 2018

Since the introduction of the Riester Pension Scheme, the controversy has continued in the policy studies and the political debates. This study evaluates the achievements and limitations of the German Riester pension scheme and tries to derive policy implications for South Korea. As a result of the analysis, the most worthwhile achievement of the Riester Pension is to strengthen the role of the private pension schemes. Unlike other private pension schemes, it included a large part of lower income households. It also opened a new perspective of utilizing private pension schemes to accomplish the goals of the family policy. Despite these attainments, it does not reach the promised coverage rate. It also was revealed that the higher income households have concluded more Riester Pension Contracts than the targeted lower-income households. Due to high administration fee and incomplete information problems, benefit levels are supposed to be much lower than expected. It concludes, above all, despite some achievements, the Riester Pension Scheme will not fill completely the gap of old age income security caused by the reduction of the public pension system. The German case provides fruitful lessons for Korea. The introduction of a subsidized personal pension scheme in South Korea can be realized only when some prerequisites would be satisfied such as the consolidation and maturing of public pension schemes and the strengthening of the transparency in the private pension market.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.1577-1605
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• 2018

This study analyzes China's technology billionaires. However, this study does not show the accumulating process of wealth in each of the Chinese billionaires, because there are many technology billionaires, but only deals with the macro analysis of the technology billionaire; the pattern of existence, comparison with other industries, the process of wealth creation reflecting China's particularity, and comparison with the world's technology billionaires. The findings of this study are as follows. First, more than 10 billion yuan of Chinese billionaires will emerge from 2004. Second, in the early days, illegal and corruption made rich, but the wealth of own efforts has gradually increased. Third, the real estate and manufacturing billionaires are still strong overall, but the growth of billionaires in technology, medicine and finance industry is remarkable. Fourth, in the case of the top 10 richest, four are from real estate, four from technology, and two from manufacturing and distribution. Most technology billionaires are in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Beijing and Shanghai. The determinants of the number of billionaires are GDP, exchange rate to US Dollar and Shenzen Stock Index, and those of technology billionaire are GDP and exchange rate. Given the relationship with existing theories, this study can be called the fifth type of billionaire research. Conceptually, the main reason for accumulating wealth is the search for policy opportunities, market opportunities and technology opportunities.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.262-269
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• 2021

The Ministry of National Defense is re-establishing the role of the Army in accordance with the defense reform and is promoting the Warrior Platform, a next-generation individual combat system. The Warrior Platform project is divided into three stages and is being promoted. In the first stage, the quality and performance of individual items are improved, in the second stage, items between system development are integrated, and in the third stage, the combat capability is maximized by developing an integrated unit weapon system. In this paper, detailed sub-items for the five essential required competencies (survival, lethality, mobility, sustainability, Communication) that are considered for building an effective warrior platform are presented. We also present a plan that can be used to prepare a specific master plan for the Army's Warrior Platform project by using Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) and selecting the priority of the five required capabilities and detailed sub-items for different unit types. As a result of analyzing the priorities of the four types of units with different mission types, we find that there are differences for each unit. These results are expected to be used as useful reference materials for setting the future direction for the development of warrior platform.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.31-72
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• 2020

This study examines the concepts and policy factors regarding gender-mainstreaming strategies and urban areas that have been discussed in the fields of international norms and development cooperation from the perspective of the Mexican government. It analyzes how gender-mainstreaming strategy is integrated and realized through Mexican law and key programs carried out by Mexico City. Through a literature review, this study builds upon previous research and theoretical discussions. In fact, Mexican federal government is considered to have successfully achieved "gender institutionalization." Within the framework of the law and institutions, the programs promoted by Mexico City aim to realize women's rights and meet their needs in the metropolis, while emphasizing a wider participation by citizens to realize these urban rights. In particular, the government of Mexico City is expanding on policies and programs that focus on strengthening the financial autonomy of women by understanding women's vulnerabilities as inequalities arising in the areas of the economy, space, and time.