• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.39-54
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• 2012

Franchise system in Korea has been developed in different way compared with American way of franchising based on mutual contract and intellectual property context. Korean franchising is mostly based on product distribution franchise concept rather than business format franchise in which franchisor makes revenue sources from providing their products as much as possible thru group purchasing and logistics rather than receiving royalty. Many franchise enterprises from Korea drive to enter into global franchise market based on the successful performance of Korean way of franchising. Korean enterprises are required to prepare completely for research and survey regarding local culture, custom, way of life and legal matters etc. when entering into global franchise market to gain a substantial performance. CaffeBene recently entered into American franchise business with success, and many other Korean franchise enterprises have a deep interest in proceeding with global franchise business modeling CaffeBene case. There is no Korean franchise enterprise in United Kingdom in which service franchise area in particular with personal service is considered to become a promising and potential franchise business and many people show a great interest in Oriental foods and beverages with well-being trend. Korean franchise enterprises have now access to United Kingdom easier because IT industry including internet of the country have been developed by leaps and bounds since London Olympic in 2012. The purpose of this study is to suggest key success factors and basic strategy such as situation analysis, selecting business format, and marketing strategy for successful launching of franchise business in United Kingdom.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.1B
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• pp.35-45
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• 2009

In this study, a laboratory experiment has been performed on a S-curved channel with two curved sections. In the experiments, effects of 3-D velocity structures on mixing characteristics of tracer material were investigated. As a result, it was clearly noticed that the primary flow travels taking the shortest course of the meandering channel and has a very ununiform distribution at the bends. The secondary cell which was developing at the first bend disappears at the crossover, and then, at the next bend, secondary cell is re-developing in the opposite direction. The experimental results show that mixing of tracer is significantly affected by the combined action of ununiform primary flow and secondary cell. The ununiform primary flow separates the tracer cloud in the longitudinal direction, and the secondary cell further separates the retarding tracer cloud mainly in the transverse direction. As a result, these complex flow structures cause separation and spreading of tracer cloud both in the longitudinal and in the transverse directions. The measured dimensionless transverse dispersion coefficients calculated using 2-D routing procedure ranges 0.012-0.875, and is generally proportional to width to depth ratio (W/h). The predicted values calculated by the theoretical equation overestimate slightly the measured transverse dispersion coefficients.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.247-276
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• 2010

This study aimed to examine the model to explain the mediator effect of care evaluation(care stress, care satisfaction) on the effect of stress factors and resource on the psychological well-being of the parents of the adult intellectual disabilities. Examining whether there is a difference between the gender of parents was another aim of this study. Study results showed that with the care stress as an endogenous variable, the daily life function and maladjustment behavior of adult children and the health state of parents had a significant direct effect on the psychological well-being of parents. With care satisfaction as an endogenous variable, family support, expert support and care stress had a significant direct effect. With the psychological well-being as an endogenous variable, care satisfaction and care stress had a significant effect, but the health state of parents didn't. In case of indirect effect, the care stress had a significant mediator effect on the effect of the physical function and maladjustment behavior of adult children and the health state of parents on the psychological well-being of parents. Care satisfaction had a significant mediator effect on the effect of family support, expert support and care stress on the psychological well-being of parents. According to the result of the Multiple Group Analysis, the path showed a statistically significant difference between gender was friend support→care satisfaction, care stress→psychological wellbeing, expert support→care satisfaction. On the basis of the study results, practical suggestions were made.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.100-103
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• 2023

Recently, development of maritime autonomoust surface ships and eco-friendly ships, production and evaluation research considering various marine environments is needed in the field of optimal routes as the demand for accurate and detailed real-time marine environment prediction information expands. An algorithm that can calculate the optimal route while reducing the risk of the marine environment and uncertainty in energy consumption in smart ships was developed in 2 stages. In the first stage, a profile was created by combining marine environmental information with ship location and status information within the Automatic Ship Identification System(AIS). In the second stage, a model was developed that could define the marine environment energy map using the configured profile results, A regression equation was generated by applying Random Forest among machine learning techniques to reflect about 600,000 data. The Random Forest coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.89, showing very high reliability. The Dijikstra shortest path algorithm was applied to the marine environment prediction at June 1 to 3, 2021, and to calculate the optimal safety route and express it on the map. The route calculated by the random forest regression model was streamlined, and the route was derived considering the state of the marine environment prediction information. The concept of route calculation based on real-time marine environment prediction information in this study is expected to be able to calculate a realistic and safe route that reflects the movement tendency of ships, and to be expanded to a range of economic, safety, and eco-friendliness evaluation models in the future.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.133-154
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate psychological processes based on the Korean college students' development of social justice interest and commitment. For this study, we replicated Miller and colleagues'(2009) study, which explained the development of social justice interest and commitment by social-cognitive career theory(SCCT). Social desirability was controlled, and then self-reports data from 343 college students were analyzed using Structural Estimate Modeling(SEM). As a result, the final research model that social justice self-efficacy and outcome expectations affect social justice interest and commitment was proven valid for Korean college students. Also, in comparison with the direct effects model(social supports and barriers affect directly on commitment), the indirect effects model(social supports and barriers affect indirectly on commitment through self-efficacy) was supported. As an unique path of social-justice domain, the indirect effect by social support on commitment through outcome expectation was proved, as well. This study covers measurement limitations, future directions for research, and some lessons points with regards to how Korean college students to have social justice interest and commitment.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.547-563
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• 2009

This study was conducted to examine the stress effects of time pressure and induced driver-anger on driving performance. The participants in the four different stress conditions(i.e., control condition, time pressure, induced anger, and mixed condition where induced-anger and time pressure were combined) were asked to drive the driving simulator, and their driving performances(i. e., lane crossing, signal violation, speeding, and deviation form designated path) were measured as the dependent variable. The results can be summarized as followings. (1) Induced-anger alone and the mixed driver stresses tended to yield deteriorated driving performances as well as awareness for designated path, (2) Time pressure alone appeared to have only limited effect both on the driving and path awareness. And (3) the effects of induced-anger alone and the mixed condition on driving performance and path awareness did not show ant significant difference. The results of the present study indicated that drivers' basic vehicle control and keeping awareness to destination could be affected differently by the types of driver stress.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.377-398
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in men's thinking and attitude on prostitution and gender based on the previous experience of buying sex. It was an exploratory survey for planning future studies and movements for changing a way of thinking in relation to prostitution. A total of 1328 male adults(above 19 years) completed a questionnaire consisting of general thinking of buying sex, tolerance limit of sexual behavior, and sex role egalitarianism. The respondents answered differently in the probability of paying for sex in future and the way how to get a sex information according to the previous experience of buying sex. Those respondents who had paid for sex, had higher scores on three types of sex attitude measures than those who did not. The previous experience of buying sex was significantly correlated with sub-factors of buying sex, tolerance limit of sexual behavior, and sex role egalitarianism except for the sub-factor on recognizing a sex worker as a victim (factor 4 of buying sex). These results suggest that men who had paid for sex had more traditional gender-stereotypes and attitudes. Implications and limitations of this study were discussed in a feminist perspective.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.770-778
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• 2023

Sea surface wind is an important variable for elucidating the atmospheric-ocean interactions and predicting the dangerous weather conditions caused by oceans. Accurate sea surface wind data are required for making correct predictions; however, there are limited observational datasets for oceans. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain long-period high-resolution sea surface wind data. First, the ERA5 reanalysis wind field, which can be used for a long period at a high resolution, was regridded and synthesized using the asymmetric typhoon wind field calculated via the Generalized Asymmetric Holland Model of the numerical model named ADvanced CIRCulation model. The accuracy of the asymmetric typhoon synthesized wind field was evaluated using data obtained from Korea Meteorological Administration and Japan Meteorological Administration. As a result of the evaluation, it was found that the asymmetric typhoon synthetic wind field reproduce observations relatively well, compared with ERA5 reanalysis wind field and symmetric typhoon synthetic wind field calculated by the Holland model. The sea surface wind data produced in this study are expected to be useful for obtaining storm surge data and conducting frequency analysis of storm surges and sea surface winds in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.5
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• pp.1175-1183
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• 2020

Purpose To evaluate the technical feasibility and clinical efficacy of percutaneous transgastric stent placement after the failure of treatment attempt with the transoral approach in malignant gastroduodenal obstruction patients. Materials and Methods From October 2008 to April 2016, nine patients (M:F = 4:5; mean age = 66 years) with malignant gastroduodenal obstruction underwent stent placement via a gastrostomy tract, which was attributed to the failure of the transoral approach. The primary etiologies of the obstruction were pancreatic (n = 5), gastric (n = 2), and metastatic (n = 2) cancers. Through percutaneous gastrostomy, dual stents (inner bare metal and outer polytetrafluoroethylene-covered) were deployed at the obstruction site. The technical and clinical success rates, as well as complications were evaluated during the follow-up period. Results Stents were successfully inserted in eight patients (88%). We failed to insert stent in one patient due to the presence of a tight obstruction. After stent placement, symptoms improved in seven patients. Gastrostomy tube was removed 9 to 20 days (mean = 12 days) after the stent insertion. During the mean follow-up of 136 days (range, 3-387 days), one patient developed a recurrent symptom due to tumor overgrowth. However, there were no other major complications associated with the procedure. Conclusion Percutaneous transgastric stent placement appeared to be technically feasible and clinically effective in patients who underwent a failed transoral approach.

• Composites Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.170-178
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• 2024

This study proposes a hybrid composite where a thin copper film (Cu film) is embedded in carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), and quantum annealing is applied to derive the combination of Cu film placement that maximizes the through-thickness thermal conductivity. The correlation between each ply of CFRP and the Cu film is analyzed through finite element analysis, and based on the results, a combination optimization problem is formulated. A formalization process is conducted to embed the defined problem into quantum annealing, resulting in the formulation of objective functions and constraints regarding the quantity of Cu films that can be inserted into each ply of CFRP. The formulated equations are programmed using Ocean SDK (Software Development Kit) and Leap to be embedded into D-Wave quantum annealer. Through the quantum annealing process, the optimal arrangement of Cu films that satisfies the maximum through-thickness thermal conductivity is determined. The resulting arrangements exhibit simpler patterns as the quantity of insertable Cu films decreases, while more intricate arrangements are observed as the quantity increases. The optimal combinations generated according to the quantity of Cu film placement illustrate the inherent thermal conductivity pathways in the thickness direction, indicating that the transverse placement freedom of the Cu film can significantly affect the results of through-thickness thermal conductivity.