• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study was to understand the meaning of meridian in "Woegwasimbeopyogyeol (WGS)" of "The Golden Mirror of Medicine (GMM)". Methods : We compared the meaning of meridian in WGS with in Jagusimbeopyogyeol (JGS) of GMM. Results : Objectivity and clearness is obtained by inserting the meridian and collateral diagram and the partially expanded diagram in WGS and JGS. The meridian song (a quatrain with seven) in WGS is placed at the beginning of the chapter, indicating its importance. Kihyeoldaso of 12 meridians is detailed in WGS, so as to reduce the harmful effect when doctors diagnose, treat and prognose. It is important to understand the meaning of meridian When doctors treat carbunculosis. The symptoms of a disease is classified by parts and shown in diagram, which can play an important role in diagnosis. Conclusions : The WGS follows the meanings of meridian and the complementary structure in JGS.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2009

Objectives : The object of this study is measuring energy (skin capacitance) distribution on the specific acupionts and analyzing change patterns of meridian energy according to time or synchronous time. Methods : To check energy distribution using the meridian energy measurement system(DMM-1000), ten specific acupoints(ST34, ST36, ST40, ST41, ST42, ST43, ST44, ST45, BL21, CV12) were chosen. We checked the energy distribution and analyzed the change patterns before and after meal. We checked the state of the energy of ST meridian which is considered to have relation to stomach organ activity. Based on the hypothesis regarding energy difference due to Qi flowing, we compared energy potential on 10 specific acupoints. Results and Conclusions : Electric energy of each specific acupoint was different according to subjects and time. Through this study, we proposed an indispensable condition of energy difference due to Qi flowing through meridian.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.203-209
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• 2018

Objectives : The GB18 belongs to one of the 92 controversial points in the development of WHO standard of acupuncture point location. The number of Chon measurement of GB18 is described differently in the A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion (ChimGuGakEulKyung; AB Classic) and the Complete Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion(ChimGuDaeSeong; Complete Compendium). The aim of the study is to review the point location of GB18 and compare the relation of the location of BL7. In addition, I would like to propose new locating method of GB18. Methods : In order to review I examined the expressions of the location of GB18 and the mapping location on the acupuncture chart in the landmark classic acupuncture literatures. Results : In the most literatures, the location of GB18 was described by the distance from the GB17. The distance was 1.5 chon with one exception of 1 chon. The intervals from GB15 to GB18 was 1 chon or 1.5 chon. Although the distance from the anterior hairline is the same as 4 chon, mapping points of GB18 and BL7 on the acupuncture chart were different. Conclusions : Consequently, in the AB Classic, meaning of the location is the actual distance of scalp surface. In the Complete Compendium, however, meaning of the location is the hypothetical distance in the imaginary scalp surface. Therefore, it is safe to find the GB18 on the same level with GV20 on the connecting line of bilateral auricular apexes. The relation of GB18 and BL7 should be reconsidered.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 2018

As Korea's representative medical text, "Donguibogam" reveals Korean Medicine's unique perspective on the human body. The text also contains abundant resources related to skin, leading to diverse researches on the subject today. In this paper, authors tried to elicit values of "Donguibogam" in the general cosmetics field, through literature review. First, prescriptions related to main functions of modern cosmetics (anti-aging, whitening, and moisturizing) were classified. In relation to anti-aging, concepts such as 返老 (reversing aging), 還童 (to become young again), 皺 (wrinkle), and 皮急 (tense skin) were extracted and 69 examples of treatments were introduced. For whitening care, 41 treatments were mentioned on hyper-pigmentation and general complexion. Concepts related to moisturizing included expressions such as 潤肌膚 (hydration of skin) and 光澤 (glow), induced by 48 treatment prescriptions. Second, cosmetics related prescriptions were classified according to the application methods of modern cosmetics. 78 prescriptions of cleansing category included washing-off local area with herbal liquid, bathing, washing-off after steaming, and soaking the body in the herbal liquid. Total of 308 topical application prescriptions covered the conditions of various skin inflammations, scalp illnesses, and etc. In conclusion, this research examines the value of "Donguibogam" as a useful of skincare. Further studies are expected to extend our understanding of the field.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.271-275
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• 2020

Objectives : The acupoint TE11 (cheongnaengyeon; CNY) firstly appeared in the ≪A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion (AB Classic)≫. The name CNY is known to be originated from an ancient deep pool described in the book of ≪Chuangtzu (Jangja in Korean)≫. Description of the name, however, was not found in a single form in the book of ≪Chuangtzu≫ and its annotated books which made a confusion. The aim of the present study is to review the name of TE11 in terms of its origin. Methods : We have compared printed editions of ≪Chuangtzu≫ and its annotated books and various acupuncture classics including ≪AB Classic≫, ≪Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies (Essential Prescriptions)≫, ≪Illustrated Manual of Acupuncture Points of the Bronze Figure (Illustrated Manual)≫, ≪Collection of Gems of Acupuncture and Moxibustion (Collections of Gems)≫, and ≪Complete Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion (Complete Compendium)≫. Results : The name of ancient deep pool was found in two different forms in the book of ≪Chuangtzu≫ and its annotated books. One was CNY, the other was Cheong Ryeong Yeon (CRY). The description in the ≪Chuangtzu≫, the source book, was CRY. In addition, the acupoint TE11 was described as CRY in the ≪AB Classic≫, Cheong Ryeong Cheon in the ≪Essential Prescriptions≫. Meanwhile, the point was described as CNY in the ≪Illustrated Manual≫, the ≪Collections of Gems≫ and the ≪Complete Compendium≫. Conclusions : Data suggest that the original description was CRY and a mix of CNY and CRY as a name of TE11 was used. The Korean standard name of TE11 should be changed as CRY.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.46-58
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report weight changes and analyze adverse events in diabetic patients with Gamitaeeumjowee-Tang for weight loss. Methods: A retrospective chart review of weight change and adverse events was performed during the 10-week weight loss program using Gamitaeeumjowee-tang with low-calorie diets for diabetics(n=61). Weight and BMI changes were compared before and after the program and calculated the percentage of people who lost more than 5% of their weight, also identified whether subjects felt satiated or not. Adverse events were evaluated in terms of causality, severity and system-organ classes. Results: After 10-week weight loss program, significant weight loss (5.9±2.32kg, 7.73% reduction from baseline) and BMI reduction (2.9±0.86) were reported (n=61). Those who lost more than 5 percent of their body weight accounted for 88.5%, and also 88.5% of the participants felt full to help control their appetite. In assessing the causality of adverse events, 'Unlikely' was the most common (66%) and in severity evaluations, almost all symptoms were mild. Insomnia was the most frequently reported during the first 8 weeks, and constipation was reported the most afterwards. Conclusions: A combination of Gamitaeeumjowee-tang and low-calorie diets for 10 weeks appears to help weight reduction without serious adverse events in diabetic patients. Future well-designed prospective clinical studies testing the effectiveness and safety of this weight loss program are warranted.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.194-205
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• 2023

Objectives : This study investigated the current utilization status of thermotherapy devices in Korean medicine (KM) institutions and identified areas for improvement and further development, as perceived by KM doctors (KMDs). Methods : An online survey was conducted, targeting KMDs primarily engaged in clinical patient care. The questionnaire included items about respondents' clinical practices, the extent of thermotherapy device usage, their opinions on these devices, and perceived improvement needs. The collected data underwent quantitative analysis. Results : From the 1,025 respondents, data from 862 respondents who provided complete responses were analyzed. On average, respondents utilized thermotherapy treatments for 80% of their patients. Infrared (IR) phototherapy unit, electrical moxibustion apparatus, and heater-based thermotherapy devices were predominantly owned by respondents, with IR being the most frequently used. The average satisfaction score for current thermotherapy devices was 79. A significant concern raised was the necessity for improved health insurance coverage and efficacy evaluation. Conclusions : This research has confirmed that the extensive use of thermotherapy devices by KMDs in treating primarily musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal ailments - common conditions among patients in KM institutions. The main areas identified for improvement encompass safety, cost-effectiveness, and device efficacy. Future enhancements in thermotherapy devices should address these crucial aspects.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 2010

We investigated the influence of carcass traits on carcass price for Hanwoo cow using multiple regression and path analyses. Data for carcass traits and price were collected on mature Hanwoo cow raised in private farms in Kangwon province that were slaughtered in 2008. A total of 96 animals with the average slaughter age of 51 months were used in the current study. Of the carcass traits studied, marbling score (MAR), dressing percentage (DP), and eye-muscle area (EMA) showed moderate and positive correlations with auction price (AP), while correlation coefficients of meat yield index (MINDEX) with AP were low or even negligible. In multiple regression analyses of AP and carcass price (CP) on cold carcass weight (CWT), back fat thickness (BFT), EMA, MAR, and DP, estimates of $R^2$ were 69.86 and 85.43%, respectively. Partial regression coefficients for CWT, BFT, EMA, MAR and DP were -0.028, -0.106, 0.107, 0.814, and 0.075 in the equation of AP and 0.561, -0.060, 0.083, 0.590, and 0.051 in the equation of CP. In path analyses, MAR's total contribution on the variation of AP was largest (0.667), and the total contributions of MAR and CWT on the variation of CP were 0.403 and 0.397. The current study suggested that marbling was the most influential trait on the variation of auction price, and marbling and cold carcass weight were critical traits on the variation of carcass price.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.280-289
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• 2011

Analyses were conducted to estimate the effect of backfat thickness (BFT) on carcass grade factors and carcass price in Hanwoo cows and steers. Data on grade factors and prices were collected from 69,159 Hanwoo carcasses (n = 13,376 cows, n = 55,783 steers) abtained at the Nonghyup Seoul slaughter house in 2009. Carcass BFTs were divided into nine categories from ${\leq}$ 3 mm to ${\qeq}$ 25 mm. The average BFTs were 11.93 mm in cows and 12.57 mm in steers. An increase in the BFT resulted in an increase in carcass weight, loin-eye area, skeletal maturity, fat color, but decreases in the yield index and yield grade (from grade A to C) in cows and steers. Carcass unit price (Won/kg) improved if the carcass was sold with a BFT of 13-15 mm in cows and 10-12 mm in steers. Marbling score and quality grade increased significantly to 21 mm BFT but decreased from a BFT of 22 mm in cows and steers. BFT was significantly correlated with yield index (cow, r = $-0.97^{**}$; steer, r = $-0.96^{**}$), marbling score (cow, r = $0.20^{**}$; steer, r = $0.14^{**}$), and carcass price (cow, r = $0.03^{**}$; steer, r = $-0.11^{**}$). These results could be used as a fundamental dataset for further research to increase the productivity of Hanwoo carcasses.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Oriental Medical Informatics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2008

This thesis' "Hwang Jae Nai Kyung(黃帝內經)", it is one among Uihak5kyung(醫學五經), is originally total of 18 volumes, the first half of 9 volumes are Somun(素問) and the latter half of the others are Youngchu(靈樞). Also, it is best of old book and literature integrating process of Chinese's medicine. Somun(素問) is comprehensive and extensive principles from fundamental problem of medical science related etiology, pathology, physiology to such parts of preventive medicine as regimen, recuperation. Moreover, therapeutic part of diagnosis and remedy, practice of acupuncture and moxibustion is recorded to Youngchu(靈樞). In the "Hwang Jae Nai Kyung(黃帝內經)", basic system takes precautions and medical cure for disease by approaching not method analyzing body but fundamentals of oriental medicine observed as organizing relation. For the purpose of mixing up beauty based on Buddhism of books, we shall pursuit notion of beauty treatment to method improving health because period flowing is changed to real well-being culture chasing outside beauty and healthy life. Then, to come close for part of oriental medicine and cosmetology, we shall present method of meridian pathways and understand device for cosmetic improvement by analyzing relation to 12 of pathways, the five viscera and the six entrails & skin.