• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.49-57
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to analyze contemporary changes of landcover patterns and landscape structure in order to provide basic data and methods for sustainable management and conservation in Baekdu Daegan region using GIS and landscape indices. According to the results based on the pattern analysis of landcover changes using the change detection matrix between 1975 and 2000, addition on $3.6km^2$ became urbanized areas. Otherwise, $85.7km^2$ of forest area shift into agriculture($72.2km^2$) and grass area($10.1km^2$) for the vegetables in highland condition and stock farm. According to the landscape structure analysis using landscape indices, forest areas were unstable forest structures because of fragmentation. Thus, to improve forest ecosystem, significant amount of forest through a new forest management policy considering local environmental conditions are needed. And, the connectivity of forests in local regions should be considered as well.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.102-113
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• 2005

Ecosystem is composed of human, biotic and abiotic environment. Landscape is an ecosystem which appear in a unit region. These landscape are the spatiotemporal land mosaic which is combined with various landscape elements. And, land use and land cover changes are important factors of landscape structure changes. This study is mainly focused on the analysing the spatiotemporal change patterns of Daegu metropolitan sphere forest landscape, using landscape indices and Ecosystem Service Value (ESV) which quantify ecosystem structures and functions. The results of this study are as follow: The encroachment and fragmentation of forest were due to linear developments, i. e. road construction, rather than large-scale developments such as residental lands or industrial complexes. And, the core area percentages of landscape gradually decreased and these could possibly deteriorate the soundness of forest areas by reducing the core areas which are habitats of species. In addition, there was intimate relations between ESV and forest landscape area. The results of this study can be detached standards for impartial judgements between the logic of development & conservation, and basic standards for the establishment of development plans, i. e. metropolitan-plans, which are adequately reflected ecosystem value.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.289-301
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• 2023

Forests within watersheds are essential in maintaining ecosystems and are the central infrastructure for constructing an ecological network system. However, due to indiscriminate development projects carried out over past decades, forest fragmentation and land use changes have accelerated, and their original functions have been lost. Since a forest's structural pattern directly impacts ecological processes and functions in understanding forest ecosystems, identifying and analyzing change patterns is essential. Therefore, this study analyzed structural changes in the forest landscape according to the time-series land cover changes using the FRAGSTATS model for the dam watershed of the Geum River upstream. Land cover changes in the dam watershed of the Geum River upstream through land cover change detection showed an increase of 33.12 square kilometers (0.62%) of forests and 67.26 square kilometers (1.26%) of urbanized dry areas and a decrease of 148.25 square kilometers (2.79%) in agricultural areas from the 1980s to the 2010s. The results of no-sampling forest landscape analysis within the watershed indicated landscape percentage (PLAND), area-weighted proximity index (CONTIG_AM), average central area (CORE_MN), and adjacency index (PLADJ) increased, and the number of patches (NP), landscape shape index (LSI), and cohesion index (COHESION) decreased. Identification of structural change patterns through a moving window analysis showed the forest landscape in Sangju City, Gyeongsangbuk Province, Boeun County in Chungcheongbuk Province, and Jinan Province in Jeollabuk Province was relatively well preserved, but fragmentation was ongoing at the border between Okcheon County in Chungcheongbuk Province, Yeongdong and Geumsan Counties in Chungcheongnam Province, and the forest landscape in areas adjacent to Muju and Jangsu Counties in Jeollabuk Province. The results indicate that it is necessary to establish afforestation projects for fragmented areas when preparing a future regional forest management strategy. This study derived areas where fragmentation of forest landscapes is expected and the results may be used as basic data for assessing the health of watershed forests and establishing management plans.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.77-80
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• 2005

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.64-73
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to present a method to assess the landscape aesthetic value of Bukhansan National Park using geotagged images that have been shared on social media sites. The method presented in this study consisted mainly of collecting geotagged image data, identifying landscape images, and analyzing the cumulative visibility by applying a target probability index. Ramblr is an application that supports outdoor activities with many users in Korea, from which a total of 110,954 geotagged images for Bukhansan National Park were collected and used to assess the landscape aesthetics. The collected geotagged images were interpreted using the Google Vision API, and were subsequently were divided into 11 landscape image types and 9 non-landscape image types through cluster analysis. As a result of analyzing the landscape types of Bukhansan National Park based on the extracted landscape images, landscape types related to topographical characteristics, such as peaks and mountain ranges, accounted for the largest portion, and forest landscapes, foliage landscapes, and waterscapes were also commonly found as major landscape types. In the derived landscape aesthetic value map, the higher the elevation and slope, the higher the overall landscape aesthetic value, according to the proportion and characteristics of these major landscape types. However, high landscape aesthetic values were also confirmed in some areas of lowlands with gentle slopes. In addition, the Bukhansan area was evaluated to have higher landscape aesthetics than the Dobongsan area. Despite the high elevation and slope, the Dobongsan area had a relatively low landscape aesthetic value. This shows that the aesthetic value of the landscape is strongly related not only to the physical environment but also to the recreational activities of visitors who are viewing the scenery. In this way, the landscape aesthetics assessment using the cumulative visibility of geotagged images is expected to be useful for planning and managing the landscape of Bukhansan National Park in the future, through allowing the geographical understanding of the landscape values based on people's perceptions and the identification of the regional deviations.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.403-414
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• 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the ecosystem services and environmental sustainability index(ESI) of the Hasidong-Anin coastal sand dune ecological and landscapes conservation area using rapid assessment tools. As a result, the analysis of the environmental sustainability index, derived from the evaluation of ecosystem services in the Hasidong-Anin coastal sand dune ecological and landscapes conservation area, revealed that regulating services, cultural services, and supporting services were all rated below 50%. Especially, cultural and supporting services were identified as lacking. With these results, a SWOT analysis was conducted to develop strategies for enhancing ecosystem services in the Hasidong-Anin coastal sand dune ecological and landscapes conservation area. Six approaches were formulated, involving leveraging strengths as opportunities (SO strategy), minimizing threats using strengths (ST strategy), utilizing opportunities to address weaknesses (WO strategy), and mitigating weaknesses and threats (WT strategy). In the future, when promoting projects to enhance ecosystem services in the Hasidong-Anin coastal sand dune ecological and landscapes conservation area, it will be essential to address issues such as the restoration of currently damaged areas and prevention of future erosion-related damages. This will lead to an elevation of the value of the Hasidong-Anin coastal sand dune ecological and landscape conservation area.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.941-951
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• 2012

The changes of forest habitats and maeulsoops(village forests) in Jinan-gun, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea are examined using landscape indices and morphological pattern analysis, and their landscape-ecological implications on conserving biological diversity are presented. We used FRAGSTATS and GUIDOS software, as well as land cover maps(of 1989 and 2006) to analyze the spatial and temporal patterns of habitat composition and configuration in surrounding landscapes of 34 representative maeulsoops and Jinan-gun. The results showed decreases in the amount of core habitats and corridors and habitat connectivity at a regional scale since 1989. In addition, multi-scale habitat analysis at a focal scale revealed that the structural and functional connectivity between forest habitats surrounding maeulsoops of the year 2006 was lower than that of the year 1989. In order to reduce forest fragmentation and to enhance the connectivity among habitats, it is necessary to provide the additional habitat corridors as well as preserving existing corridors and surrounding landscapes of maeulsoops. We also suggest that a combination of landscape indices and morphological spatial pattern analysis can provide an effective tool to assess the habitat functions and configuration in a rapidly changing landscape.

• Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.33-40
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• 2018

The coastal village in Woljeong-ri, Jeju is highly preferred by tourists because of its unique natural landscape different from inland areas. Especially, the number of buildings in the coastal area of the village is increasing due to escalating commercial value. Buildings are densely developed, along the seaside, resulting in privatization of coastal landscape. This results in blocking of landscape and psychological exchanges between the coastal village and coast. This study analyzed the actual conditions of coastal landscape before and after 2010, when the number of tourists and demand for development were increased in the coastal area of the coastal village in Woljeong-ri, Jeju. In this study, open index, visible horizontal index, elevation angle, elevation blockage and visible facade index were used to compute objective indicators of coastal landscape status. The analysis reveals visible facade index, a complex landscape assessment indicator, was increased by 7 times after 2010 as compared with before 2010. As such, there are many coastal villages in Jeju similar to Woljeong-ri that have a high landscape value and are in need of management. A comprehensive measure including a system for management of coastal landscape is urgently required to create narrative landscape in Jeju.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.122-145
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• 2009

Terrain parameters calculated from digital elevation models (DEM) have become increasingly important in current spatially distributed models of earth surface processes. This paper investigated how the ability of upslope area for predicting the spatial distribution of soil properties varies depending on the selection of spatial resolutions of DEM and algorithms. Four soil attributes from eight soil-terrain data sets collected from different environments were used. Five different methods of calculating upslope area were first compared for their dependency on different grid sizes of DEM. Multiple flow algorithms produced the highest correlation coefficients for most soil attributes and the lowest variations amongst different DEM resolutions and soil attributes. The high correlation coefficient remained unchanged at resolutions from 15 m to 50 m. Considering decreasing topographical details with increasing grid size, we suggest that the size of 15-30 m may be most suitable for soil-landscape analysis purposes in our study areas.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.175-185
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• 2005

Governmental authorities have been trying to develop our city in respect to the growth of economy and it is true that their developmental policies have negative effects on ecosystem without doubt. To estimate these negative effects, this study is mainly focused on analysing the usage of the land according to the urban growth, and the temporal and spatial patterns between the elements which consist of the landscape of Daegu Metropolitan Sphere, by using the GIS method and the landscape indices. The results of the this study are as follow; the urban areas widened for $193.4km^2$ due to the shift of the urban function, and the forest areas were encroached for $455.6km^2$ into other landcover patterns. It was the shift of the agriculture areas that are given the most influence in those procedures since those developmental conditions are relatively satisfactory. Moreover the forest areas are structurally fragmented into the complicated form, and also the patterns of adjacent patches are become complex. These transitions are regarded as causes of increased external interventions to the forest areas, and these could possibly deteriorate the soundness of forest areas by reducing the core areas which are habitats of species. In conclusion, the results of this study evaluate the influence of much broader urban development on environment structure around urban and mutual relationship between them. In addition, it can provide methods and basic informations for the establishment of metropolitan urban plan after due considerations of the landscape ecological principle.