• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.89-97
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of early childhood teachers for early childhood creativity programs using physical computing in an effort to provide future direction for program development. The findings were as follows: First, 43.8 percent of teachers answered they were neutral about the need for these programs, while 40.5 percent replied these programs were necessary. Second, 73.8 percent thought the utilization of physical computing tools would be useful. Third, the largest group thought that the programs should be provided for five-year-olds. Regarding the frequency of programs, once or twice a week were considered most appropriate. Concerning the length of each activity, 20 to 30 minutes was identified as ideal, and study subjects preferred small group activities. In regard to the most effective theme for these programs, tools for daily life were considered best. As for educational content to be included in program planning, scientific inquiry and experiment were viewed as best, followed by the design/ production/utilization of creative works, game and play, and producing and playing musical instruments. Evaluation by a creativity test was chosen as the most desirable evaluation method.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.660-671
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• 2021

This paper analyzed the research trends of juvenile gambling, which is increasing due to recent changes in the internet environment. The number of domestic studies on juvenile gambling has increased, but there are few studies that analyzed both degrees and academic papers in a more comprehensive manner than addiction to the Internet, games, and drugs related to youth. The current state of juvenile gambling can lead to secondary crimes, such as illegal loans and thefts for gambling funds beyond the level of addiction, school violence and money extortion, which have been a major shock to Korean society. Therefore, it is urgent to prepare social measures because the age of adolescents who are exposed to gambling is becoming lower. Accordingly, this study analyzed 52 dissertations, 86 academic papers, and three other research reports published in Korea from 2003 to March 2020. As a result, quantitative research, research subjects, and research topics were concentrated, and there was a limit to generalization. In addition, these results will provide rich information to future studies by confirming the academic characteristics according to the times and interdisciplinary research trends that transcend individual science areas.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.336-344
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify the self-awareness of smartphone dependence among undergraduate students and their response to the same. The data was drawn from a survey on smartphone overdependence conducted by the Ministry of Science and information and communications technology (ICT) and the National Information Society Agency in 2017. The responses of 1,735 undergraduate students were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, minimum-maximum value, ��2-test, independent t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results indicated that 22.3% of participants were at risk of smartphone dependence, and 63.6% of them were unaware of their dependence on smartphones. The perception of smartphone dependence was significantly associated with a higher risk of smartphone dependence (��=.35, p=.000) and the increasing use of applications such as games (��=.19, p=.000), television/video (��=.11, p=.000), and learning (��=.11, p=.000). Of the participants with dependence awareness, only a few knew about the existence of centers to prevent smartphone and internet dependence. Moreover, they rarely utilized these centers. However, the participants felt the need for more counseling agencies (26.8%), programs for dealing with oneself (23.2%), information about smartphone dependence (14.9%), and help to overcome dependence (10.9%). These findings show the need to establish public services so that students can easily access correct information on smartphone dependence and address this problem.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.369-376
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• 2021

3D architectural visualization animation has become more important in architectural presentations due to the rapid development of digital technology. Unlike games and movies, architectural visualization animation most focuses on delivering visual information, and aims to express the sense of space that viewers feel in an architectural space, rather than simply providing an image of viewing buildings. The sense of space is affected not only by physical elements of architecture, but also by immaterial elements such as light, time, and human actions, and it is more advantageous to express it in animations that can contain temporality compared to a fixed image. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to search for elements to effectively convey a sense of space in architectural visualization animation. To this end, the works of renowned architectural visualization artists that are open to the public were selected and observed to search for elements to effectively convey a sense of space to viewers. The elements that convey the sense of space that are common to the investigated architectural animations can be classified into the movement and manipulation of the camera, the movement of surrounding objects, the change of the light environment, the change of the weather, the control of time, and the insertion of a surreal scene. It will be followed by a discussion on the immersion of architectural contents.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 2022

Recentely, the military needs to apply various technologies for the improvement of teamwork. The government should take the non-face-to-face system due to the social interest of young military members. In this study we investigated collective cohesion by helping soldiers who have difficulty expressing their feelings and delivering messages while living in groups, or who are unable to adapt to group life due to psychological disorders such as relationship anxiety. We proposed the Multi-perspective Relationship Experience program as a new VR application. We showed feeling a sense of reality equivalent to the actual situation, interpersonal tension and social distance were significantly reduced, and communication, which was difficult to actually do, was naturally achieved. In addition, positive effects were confirmed on the sense of belonging and leadership among all participants. We will be effectively used in manpower management policies that improve the collective cohesion of soldiers and support the adaptability of the military environment in line with the rapidly changing social interaction method.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.345-352
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• 2022

Recent LiDAR(Light Detection And Ranging) sensor is used for scanning object around in real-time. This sensor can detect movement of the object and how it has changed. As the production cost of the sensors has been decreased, LiDAR begins to be used for various industries such as facility guard, smart city and self-driving car. However, LiDAR has a large input data size due to its real-time scanning process. So another way for processing a large amount of data are needed in LiDAR system because it can cause a bottleneck. This paper proposes edge computing to compress massive point cloud for processing quickly. Since laser's reflection range of LiDAR sensor is limited, multiple LiDAR should be used to scan a large area. In this reason multiple LiDAR sensor's data should be processed at once to detect or recognize object in real-time. Edge computer compress point cloud efficiently to accelerate data processing and decompress every data in the main cloud in real-time. In this way user can control LiDAR sensor in the main system without any bottleneck. The system we suggest solves the bottleneck which was problem on the cloud based method by applying edge computing service.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.711-719
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• 2021

EBS has been producing numerous educational contents with traditional virtual studio production systems since the early 2000s and applied AR video production system in October 2020, twenty-years after. Although the basic concept of synthesizing graphic elements and actual image in real time by tracking camera movement and lens information is similar to the previous one but the newly applied AR video production system contains some of advanced technologies that are improved over the previous ones. Marker tracking technology that enables camera movement free and position tracking has been applied that can track the location stably, and the operating software has been applied with Unreal Engine, one of the representative graphic engines used in computer game production, therefore the system's rendering burden has been reduced, enabling high-quality and real-time graphic effects. This system is installed on a crane camera that is mainly used in a crane shot at the live broadcasting studio and applied for live broadcasting programs for children and some of the videos such as program introductions and quiz events that used to be expressed in 2D graphics were converted to 3D AR videos which has been enhanced. This paper covers the effect of introduction and application of the AR video production system on EBS content production and the future development direction and possibility.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.41
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• pp.93-114
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics and problems of the content of flower design education videos on YouTube and to search for improvement direction. The subjects of analysis were 129 pieces of videos uploaded in the last one year including 'craftman floral design' as a search term. The result shows that contents covered were practical lectures, theory lectures, test related tips, job and character introduction, test work, educational guidance and publicity. The production format could be divided into studio lecture, classroom lecture, video feature, interview, Vlog, and television program. The hub-type programming strategy that periodically uploads the videos satisfying the target audiences' interests is mostly applied. The type of lecture covered 'practical skill test' got a good response from the users. Overall, content diversity, interaction between creators and users, and harmonious programming strategies are lacking. In order to improve this, it is necessary for emotional and expressive creators to pioneer differentiated fields and practice based on actual field. The introduction of interactive elements such as games and quizzes and the application of new media technologies such as VR and AR are worth trying. Three strategic types of 'hero', 'hub', and 'how to' should be applied complementary. As the demand for education content related to flower design is expected to expand in the future, it is required to develop content that can be used in various platforms, foster professional creators, and develop associated business models.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.345-356
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• 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of physical therapy combined with a virtual reality (VR) game on pain, quality of life (QOL), engagement, and knee function in post-knee-surgery patients. Methods: Twenty-four patients who had undergone knee surgery four weeks or more before the study were recruited. Two withdrew from the study during the four-week experimental period, and a total of 22 patients were included in the final analysis. Routine physical therapy consisting of electrostimulation (10 min.) and therapeutic massage (10 min.) was the base intervention for all groups. The experimental group (n = 10) was additionally exposed to a VR game intervention, while the control group (n = 12) underwent an intervention involving similar motions as the experimental intervention but with no VR. The intervention for the experimental group used the game Rig Fit Adventure on Nintendo switch. Both groups underwent their respective interventions 3 times a week (35 min. per session) for 4 weeks. Pain was assessed using the numeric rating scale (NRS), and QOL was assessed using the EuroQol five-dimensional five-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L). Engagement was assessed using the Korea flow state scale (K-FSS). Finally, knee movement and function were assessed based on knee flexion and extension, range of motion (ROM), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC). Results: After the four-week physical therapy, both groups showed significant reductions in pain (on the NRS), increased knee ROM (flexion), better WOMAC scores, and increased EQ-5D-5L scores (p < 0.05), with the experimental group showing significantly better improvements in EQ-5D-5L and K-FSS scores (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study confirm that a VR-game-integrated intervention is effective for improving pain, QOL, engagement, and knee function in post-knee surgery patients and that VR-game-integrated interventions could be therapeutic alternatives for patients bedridden for prolonged periods with little motivation for rehabilitation.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.171-187
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• 2022

Recently, the demand and development for non-face-to-face services are rapidly progressing due to the pandemic caused by the COVID-19, and attention is focused on the metaverse at the center. Entering the era of the 4th industrial revolution, Metaverse, which means a world beyond virtual and reality, combines various sensing technologies and 3D reconstruction technologies to provide various information and services to users easily and quickly. In particular, due to the miniaturization and economic increase of convergence sensors such as unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) capable of high-resolution imaging and high-precision LiDAR(Light Detection and Ranging) sensors, research on digital-Twin is actively underway to create and simulate real-life twins. In addition, Game engines in the field of computer graphics are developing into metaverse engines by expanding strong 3D graphics reconstuction and simulation based on dynamic operations. This study constructed a mirror-world type metaverse that reflects real-world coordinate-based reality using Unreal Engine 5, a recently announced metaverse engine, with accurate 3D spatial information data of convergence sensors based on unmanned aerial system(UAS) and LiDAR. and then, spatial information contents and simulations for users were produced based on various public data to verify the accuracy of reconstruction, and through this, it was possible to confirm the construction of a more realistic and highly utilizable metaverse. In addition, when constructing a metaverse that users can intuitively and easily access through the unreal engine, various contents utilization and effectiveness could be confirmed through coordinate-based 3D spatial information with high reproducibility.