• KOMUNHWA
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• no.58
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• pp.119-136
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• 2001

This study aims to analyze the sources of restoring of Geungnakjeon(極樂殿) and creation of the buddhist mural paintings(後佛壁畵) of Muwisa(無爲寺) in Gangjin(康津). Muwisa Geungnakjeon was constructed in 1430(in the twelfth year of King Sejong's(世宗)reign). At that

• 지역과문화
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.57-80
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• 2019

In this study, we will investigate Nujung culutre of Seobuk-jung in Hamra, which is representative Nujung in the modern period Iksan region, and examine how to use it as local contents. Hamra, where Seobyeog-jeong is located, was an economic center in the Joseon Dynasty. Under the historical and economic background, Seobyeong-jeong was erected by Lee, Chip-chon in 1926. The study of Seobyeong-jeong and Nujung culture erected by the Landloard family of Honam in modern times can be used as an important data for understanding the Nujung culture of modern Iksan Proviance.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.59
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• pp.321-353
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• 2019

As the function and role of the Record Center that manage the processing department, which is the producer of records, are very passive and limited, there are growing demands for expansion of work and organization along with change in this. In order to strengthen the function and role of the Record Center, it is necessary to enrich the substance through identification of the value of preservation and utilization of records under the Record Center, development of various tasks, and the construction of independent Record Center, etc. in addition to complementing institutional devices. In this paper, we examine the construction background and process, the remaining tasks of Record Center in Ministry of Justice, and intend to find out what matters and procedures the central administrative agency should consider when establishing the Record Center based on relevant case study.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.64-78
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• 2023

This article examines the background and meaning of the construction of Josadang Hall in Buseoksa Temple, Yeongju, by Seolsan Cheonhee(1307~1382) in the late 14th century through the characteristics of the hall's mural. Six guardian deities(the Four Heavenly Kings in the center, Indra and Brahma on each side of the kings) are depicted on the southern wall(location of the entrance) of the Josadang, facing the statue of the great monk Uisang(625~702 AD) on the north wall. This mural is the oldest among Korean temple murals and exhibits very unique characteristics. In general, scenes from the scriptures are depicted on the back wall of the central statue. In contrast, the Josadang mural depicts only the guardian deities facing the main statue with no scene description. The appearance of the deities, who seem to protect the main statue of the monk Uisang, and their expressions, as if drawn from relief statues, are not seen in other murals. Nevertheless, it is similar to the stupas of the Seon(Ch. Chan 禪) sect monks established from the late Silla(57 BC~935 AD) through early Goryeo(918~1392 AD), with guardian deities on their surface. The iconography of the deities is a classic form of the late Silla to early Goryeo. The fact that the Josadang was built to commemorate Uisang, who founded the Korean Hwaeom sect(Ch. Huayan sect, 華嚴宗), and that guardians were placed to protect Uisang's statue reveals the concept of worship for the monk who founded the sect. As a result, the reason Cheonhee built the hall can also be understood as an extension of the ideology behind the construction of the stupas of the Seon sect monks. The problem, however, is that Cheonhee is a monk of the Hwaeom sect, and Buseoksa is a representative temple of the Hwaeom sect, not the Seon sect. Therefore, to better understand the background of the hall's construction, this article examined the situation of Goryeo Buddhism in the 14th century as well as the activities of Seolsan Cheonhee. Since Ganhwa Seon(Ch. Kanhua Chan, 看話禪) was dominant in the 14th century, Cheonhee went to study in the Yuan Dynasty(1271~1368 AD) at the age of 58 and was approved by Chinese Ganhwaseon monks before taking the position of Guksa(國師 national monk). However, he was eventually pushed to Buseoksa Temple, where he worked hard to rebuild it. Cheonhee most likely sought to expand the Hwaeom sect, which had been shrinking compared to the Seon sect, by enhancing power with the reconstruction of Buseoksa. The desire that the Hwaeom sect, which was losing its power due to the rise of the Seon sect in the 14th century, attempted to develop it by building Josadang hall, is well revealed by the Josadang murals.

• KOMUNHWA
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• no.57
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• pp.77-111
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• 2001

I intend to show that if we pay attention to the symbolism and boundary of places which are associated with our daily lives, this will help us to understand the characteristics and background of the ancient sites, archaeological phenomenas. I will give as

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.20-49
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• 2009

This paper explores the Korean royal tombs steles such as monumental steles and tombstone marks (神道碑, 表石) that are broadly fallen into the following three periods ; the 15~16th centuries, 17th~18th centuries, and 19th century. As a result, the royal tombs steles were built, unlike the private custom, on the heirs to the King's intentions. During the 15~17th centuries the construction and reconstruction of the monumental steles took place. In the late Joseon period, monumental steles had been replaced with a number of tombstone marks were built to appeal to the king's calligraphy carved on stone for the first time. During the Great Empire Han(大韓帝國) when the Joseon state was upgraded the empire, Emperors Gojong and Sunjong devoted to honor ancestors by rebuilding royal tombstone mark. Based on these periodical trends, it would not be exaggerated that the history of establishing the royal tombs steles formed in late Joseon. The type of royal tombs monuments originated from those of the Three Kingdoms era, a shapeless form, the new stele type of the Tang Dynasty (唐碑) has influenced on the building of monuments of the Unified Silla and Buddhist honorable monuments (塔碑) of the Goryeo Dynasty. From the 15th century, successive kings have wished to express the predecessors's achievements, nevertheless, the officials opposed it because the affairs of the King legacy (國史) were all recorded, so there is no need to establish the tombs steles. Although its lack of quantity, each Heonneung and Jereung monumental steles rebuilt in 1695 and 1744 respectively, is valuable to show the royal sculpture of the late Joseon period. Since the 15th century, the construction of the royal tombs monumental steles has been interrupted, the tombstone marks (boulders) with simpler format began to be erected within the tomb precincts. The Yeoneung tombstone mark(寧陵表石), built in 1682, shows the first magnificent scale and delicate sculpture technique. Many tombstone marks were erected since the 1740s on a large scale, largely caused by King Yeongjo's announce to the honorific business for the predecessors. Thanks to King Yeongjo's such appealing effort, over 20 pieces of tombstone marks were established during his reign. The fact that his handwritten calligraphic works first carved on tombstones was a remarkable phenomenon had never been appeared before. Since the 18th century, a double-slab high above the roof(加?石) and rectangular basement of the stele have been accepted as a typical format of the tombstone marks. In front of the stele, generally seal script calligraphic works after a Tang dynasty calligrapher Li Yangbing(李陽氷)'s brushwork were engraved. In 1897 when King Gojong declared the Empire, these tombstone marks were once again produced in large amounts. Because he tried to find the legitimacy of the Empire in the history of the Joseon dynasty and its four founding fathers in creating the monuments both of the front and back sides by carving his in-person-calligraphy as a ruler representing his symbolic authority. The tombstone marks made during this period, show an abstract sculpture features with the awkward techniques, and long and slim strokes. As mentioned above, the construction of monumental steles and tombstone marks is a historical and remarkable phenonenon to reveal the royal funeral custom, sculpture techniques, and successive kings' efforts to honor the royal predecessors.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.4 no.3 s.13
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• pp.93-101
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• 2004

Structural systems have a lot of architectural meaning concerning historical context of structural technology. Therefore, surveying constructed examples and their constructed year, the character and development of various formations of structure systems with non-rigid member were investigated. At the result, the early modem structure systems with non-rigid member were made up from the cable structures, then membrane structures have mainly used after 1970's. The early structural systems had intended to make the large scale space, after 1970's, they have been adopted into the smaller scale space structure, and cable net structure, pneumatic structure and dome typed hybrid membrane system tend to compose the larger scale spare structure.

• The Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.12 s.319
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• pp.32-34
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• 1995

지난번 김영삼대통령은 UN창립 50주년 특별연설에서 "한국은 세계아동의 질병퇴치에 기여하기 위해 UNDP(유엔개발계회)의 협조아래 한국내에 국제백신연구소(IVI:International Vaccine Institute)를 설립중에 있다."라고 언급한 바 있다. 이처럼 국제백신연구소는 우리나라 정부수립후 최초로 세워지는 국제기구란 점에서 정부에서도 굳은 의지로 적극 추진한 사업일 뿐만 아니라 세계적으로도 세계인류복지 증진에 기여함은 물론 생명공학 발전에도 크게 기여할 것으로 보아 주목받고 있는것이다. 1997년 말까지 서울대학 연구공원내에 완공될 국제백신연구소는 금년 1월 UNDP의 전문임원들이 한국에 도착하여 서울대학내 임시사무소를 설치하고 연구소의 건립과 기타 관련업무를 추진하고 있다. 이에 본지는 국제백신연구소 서울사무소 총 책임자인 신승일박사를 만나 UNDP의 계획하에 추진되고 있는 국제백신연구소의 설립배경과 목적, 역할 그리고 국제백신연구소가 인류에 미치는 영향에 대해서 들어보기로 한다.

• The Safety technology
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• no.204
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• pp.18-20
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• 2014

1978년 정부는 혈액의 자급자족 달성과 상업적 이용 배제라는 구제사회의 권고를 수용하여 혈장분획제제*의 국내 수급을 대한적십자사로 일원화한다는 기본 시책을 수립하였다. 이후 대한적십자사는 혈장분획제제 사업을 본격적으로 추진, 1991년 충북 음성군 감곡면에 혈장분획센터를 건립하고 제품을 생산 공급하기 시작했다. 그로부터 23년 동안 센터는 ▲혈장분획제제의 생산 및 공급 ▲원료혈장의 보관 ▲혈애검체 보관 ▲수입 혈장 확인 감독 ▲혈장 분획제제의 수입과 공급 등 주요 업무를 차질 없이 수행하며 국가보건인프라의 중추로 거듭났다. 이곳이 오랜 기간 동안 흔들림 없이 막중한 임무를 수행할 수 있었던 배경에는 '철저한 안전관리'가 자리 잡고 있다. 빈 틈 없는 시설점검과 임직원의 투철한 안전의식으로 국민보건을 책임진다는 혈장분획센터를 찾아가 보았다.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.17-32
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• 2022

Ijidang(二止堂) is a private village school (seodang, 書堂) established in Okcheon, north Chungcheong province where Jungbong Jo, Heon(重峯 趙憲, 1544-1592 AD) had trained for his sound mind and body(yusangcheo, 遊賞處). Jo, Heon was a notable Neo-Confucian scholar of the Kiho School and also a righteous general leading soldiers in Joseon Dynasty. According to Ijidanggi(二止堂記), Ijidang was constructed to honor Jo, Heon and to train local talents in 1647 with the support of Song, Si-yeol(宋時烈, 1607-1689 AD),a representative scholar belong to Kiho School and other local Confucian scholars. Ijidang currently consists of Main Body(本體) in the middle along with the East(Dong-lu 東樓) and the West Pavilions(Seo-lu 西樓) attached to each side. The Main Body and the Dong-lu firstly constructed were to give lectures and to rest within. Ijidang has undergone several changes in its form so far. The surrounding nearby Ijidang shows characteristics of the Confucian architecture for training(J eong-sa, 精舍) and the building itself was to be built in a scenic place apart from the secular world in which scholars stayed, cultivated their body and mind or taught disciples within. The lecture space of Ijidang is positioned next to the main hall(Dae-cheong 大廳) unlike other typical forms of a three-bay building(samganjije 三間之制) at that period. West lu, a two-story building added afterwards in the early 18th century representing characteristics of the Gate Pavilion(Mullu, 門樓) of Neo-Confucian Academies(Seo-won, 書院) in Joseon Dynasty was typically located where the entrance and the ground floor of the main building are visible simultaneously.