• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2009

목 적 : 경제 발전과 생활양식의 변화는 보건환경에 많은 영향을 끼쳤고, 이로 인해 소아청소년기의 비뇨생식기질환의 질병양상에도 영향을 주었을 것으로 생각된다. 소아청소년의 비뇨생식기질환의 양상의 변화를 파악하기 위해서 한국의 소아 입원환자에 대한 단면적 연구(cross-sectional survey date)를 이용해 역학적 분석을 하였다. 방 법 : 전국 소아청소년과 85개 수련병원을 대상으로 2004년부터 2006년까지 신 요로 질환으로 퇴원한 환자의 자료를 수집하였다. 수집자료의 지표는 ICD-10 의 진단체계를 사용한 최종진단명, 나이, 성별, 입원기간 등을 고려하여 비뇨생식기 질환의 퇴원 환자 현황을 분석하였다. 의료비와 소득손실을 나타내는 지표로 질병부담을 선택하였고, 이는 입원건수와 평균 재원일수를 곱하여 산정하였다. 결 과 : 총 826,896명의 퇴원 환자 중 비뇨생식기 질환으로 퇴원한 환자는 33,876명으로 전체의 4.1%로 1970년대와 비교할 때 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 남녀 성비는 1.8:1이었고, 가장 많은 연령대는 생후 4주부터 1세까지의 영아기로 전체 소아 신질환의 32.3%를 차지하였는데. 이후 유아기, 청소년기, 학동기, 신생아기 순이었다. 가장 많은 질환은 요로감염으로 전체 비뇨생식기질환중 42%로 가장 많았고, 음낭수종이 13.2%, 신증후군이 5.1%의 순이었다. 결 론: 소아 비뇨생식기질환은 전체 입원환자에서 차지하는 비중이 높지는 않지만 요로감염의 경우 영유아기에 높은 빈도수를 차지하는 중요질환이며, 본 연구에서는 확인이 되지는 않았지만 요로감염이 신 반흔을 초래하게 되면 말기신부전증으로 이어지기 때문에 중요한 건강문제라고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 ICD-10에 의한 전국적인 자료 분석이기 때문에 효율적인 보건 정책의 수립에 있어 중요한 기초자료가 될 수 있지만, 더 실용적이고 정확한 소아청소년 비뇨생식기질환의 질병추이 관찰을 위해서는 입원 진단기준을 포함한 자료수집체계의 수정보완과 지속적인 조사연구가 필요하다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.8-28
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• 2001

This investigation grasps the level and relevant elements of performance of health promotional activities for the elderly in Korea. It provides fundamental data on health promoting projects targeting the elderly population from farming villages. Hence, this study gropes for an effective approach and measures of health promoting programs. The program needs to be developed with a focus on elderly people from farming villages. In addition, it was carried out in order to provide basic data for development of health projects for local communities. Data gathering was based on survey data targeting patients from the free clinic service. Service was rendered for the residents of farming villages, and conducted at the Offices of CheonBuk Province from October 2000 to December 2000. Analytical results were used to examine the health promotional method for the elderly in the aspect of Oriental Medicine. SPSS 9.0 version as well as T-test and ANOVA were used for survey data analysis. Piersons correlation coefficient was utilized for the relationship for each area, obtaining the following analytical results. 1. The average score for the activities of health promotion was 2.28. Looking at each subcategory, stress management was the highest at 3.65; interpersonal relationship, 3.00; nutrition, 2.55; health responsibility, 2.15; self-realization, 2.03; and exercise was the lowest at 1.89. 2. With respect to lifestyle of the health promotion secondary to general features of elderly people from farming villages, the level of activities of health promoting lifestyle was shown to be higher for males than that of females. Self-realization area was high among males in detailed particulars while the level of execution was high as age decreases in the stress area. 3. Regarding health promoting life style secondary to socioeconomic characteristics, the level of execution was higher for the individuals with a higher level of education and further utilization of spare time. With respect to occupation, the level was highest for people from the fishery. The level decreased in the order of other occupations such as trade, unemployed and agriculture, which was shown to be the lowest. In detailed particulars, it revealed that higher the individuals educational level, the higher the self-realization and stress management areas. The level of interpersonal relationship was the highest among people with little or no education. With respect to self-realization area, the level was highest among the cases where one paid living expenses along with their children. The lowest level of living expenses was seen in the cases where an individual pays for living expenses by himself/herself. There were significant results in all areas except for nutrition areas depending on occupation. The fishery was shown to be the highest. The level of activities was higher as one utilizes more spare time in all areas except for the area of interpersonal relationship.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.119-141
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• 2000

The current industrial health service is shifting to health improvement business with 1st primary prevention-focused service from secondary and tertiary prevention-focused business, and Oriental medicine can provide such primary prevention-focused service due to the characteristics of its science. In particular, the advanced concept of health improvement can match the science of health care of Oriental medicine. Notably, what is most important in health improvement is our lifestyle, This does not underestimate the socio-environmental factors, which have lessened their importance due to modernism. The approach of Oriental medicine weighs more individuals' lifestyle and health care through self-cultivation. This matches the new model of advanced health business. Oriental medicine is less systemized than Western medicine, but it can provide ample contents that enhance health. If we conceive health-improvement program based on the advantages provided by these two medical systems, this will influence workers to the benefit of their health. Also, health Program needs to define factors that determine individual lives, and to provide information and technologies essential to our lives. The Oriental medicine approach puts more stress on a subject's capabilities than it does on the effect his surrounding environment can have. This needs to be supported theoretically by not only defining the relations between an individual's health state and his lifestyle, but also identifying the degree to which an individual in the industrial work place practices health improvement lifestyle . This is the first step toward initiating health-improvement business . In order to do this, this researcher conducted a survey by taking random samplings from workers, and can draw the following conclusions from it. 1 The sampled group is categorized into', by sender, female 6.6%, and male 93.4%, with males dominant; by marriage status , unmarried 43.9% and married 55.6%, with both similar percentage, and, by age, below 30, 48.4%, between 30 and 39, 27.4%, between 40 and 49, 18.2%, and over 50, 6.0%. The group further is categorized into; by education, middle school or under 1.7%, high school 30.5%, and junior college or higher 65.8% with high school and higher dominant: and by income, below 1.7 million won 24.2%, below 2.4 million won 14.8%, and above 2.4 million 6.3% Still, the group by job is categorized into collegians with 23.9%, office worker with 10.3%, and professionals with 65.8% , and this group does not include workers engaged in production that are needed for this research, but mostly office workers . 2. The subjects selected for this survey show their degree of practicing health-improvement lifestyle at an average of 2.63, health management pattern at 2.64, and health-related awareness at 2.62 The sub-divisions of health-improvement lifestyle show social emotion (2.87), food (2.66). favorite food (2.59), and leisure activities (2.52), in this order for higher points. It further shows health awareness (2.47) and safety awareness (2.40), lower points than those in health management pattern . 3. In the area of using leisure time for health-improvement, males, older people, married, and people with higher income earn higher marks. And, in the area of food management, the older and married earn higher marks . In the area of favorite food management, females, lower-income bracket, and lower-educated show higher degree of practice , while in the area of social emotion management, the older. married, and higher-income bracket show higher marks. In addition, in the area of health awareness, the older, married, and people with higher-income show higher degree of practice. 4. To look at correlation by overall and divisional health-improvement practice degree , this researcher has analyzed the data using Person's correlation coefficient. The lifestyle shows significant correlation with its six sub-divisions, and use of leisure time, food, and health awareness all show significant correlation with their sub-divisions. And. the social emotion and safety awareness show significant correlation with all sub-divisions except favorite food management.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2001

본 연구는 강원도 지역 대학생 200명을 임의로 추출하여 기호도 및 영양소 섭취실태를 조사한 것으로 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 조사 대상자의 식사 섭취 상황은 '거의 먹는다'가 88%, '거의 먹지않는다'가 2%, '가끔 먹는다'가 10%로 나타났으며 타 지역보다 결식율이 낮은 것으로 조사되었다. 결식하는 이유는 '시산 부족'이 45%로 가장 컸으며, '식욕부족'이 29%로 나타났다. 우유 섭취 상황은 '꼭 마신다'가 19%, '가끔 마신다'가 48%, '거의 마시지 않는다'가 19%, '가끔 마신다'가 48%, '거의 마시지 않는다'가 33%로 나타났다. 우유는 거의 완전 식품으로 그 중에서도 칼슘섭취에 가장 큰 기여를 하며, 또한 유당, 카제인, 비타민 D 등 칼 흡수를 촉진하는 인자가 있으므로 식생활에 이로운을 인지해야 된다. 건강에 대한 관심도는 대학생을 조사대상자로 하여 그런지 '보통'으로 조사되었다. 주식에 대한 기호도에서는 밥, 빵, 국수 중 밥을 가장 선호하였다. 좋아하는 밥종류로는 쌀밥.콩나물밥을, 빵 종류로는 햄버거.샌드위치.야채빵을, 국수류로는 비빔국수.냉면.라면으로 나타났다. 싫어하는 주식으로는 수수밥.콩국수 등이었다. 쌀에 대한 아미노산 보족효과가 있는 콩밥에 대한 기호도는 저조하게 나왔는데 이에 대한 영양교육의 필요성이 요구된다. 부식에 대한 기호도에서는 가장 좋아하는 부식의 형태가 찌게이며, 그 다음으로 김치, 복음, 나물 순이었다. 기호도가 낮은 부식의 종류는 장아찌류이다. 기호도가 높은 부식은,국종류(고기국${\ulcorner}남{\Ircorner}$, 미역국.콩나물국), 김치류(배추김치.총각무김치.오이김치), 튀김류(오징어.고구마.감자.새우튀김), 볶음(오징어복음.김치볶음.고기볶음${\ulcorner}남{\Ircorner}$), 전류(고기전${\ulcorner}남{\Ircorner}$, 호박전.햄전), 구이(김구이.더덕구이.쇠고기 구이), 조림(오징어조림, 감자조림), 나물류(콩나물), 무침류(오징어.더덕.도라지무침), 장아찌(더덕.마늘장아찌${\ulcorner}남{\Ircorner}$,오이.깻잎장아찌${\ulcorner}여{\Ircorner}$) 등을 들었다. 기호도가 낮은 부식은 무국.부추김치.쑥튀김.간볶음.간전.가지구이.가지조림.가지나물.양배추무침.고추.양파장아찌 등이었다. 조리장법에 관계없이 좋아하는 식품으로는 오징어, 더덕, 쇠고기, 오이, 콩나물이었고, 조리방법에 관계없이 싫어하는 식품으로는 간.양배추.당근.가지.무우.돼지고기 등이었다. 기호도가 낮은 식품인 간.당근.양배추.무우 등은 각각 단백질, 비타민, 무기질의 좋은 급원이 되는 식품들이므로 영양교육 차원에서 크게 비중을 두어 강조하여야 하겠다. 일품요리 대한 기호도에서는 특별히 싫어하는 음식은 없었고, 오징어덮밥.만두국.비빔밥.김밥 등이 기호도가 높았으며 간식에 대한 기호도에서는 가장 높은 것이 과일유였다. 조사 대상자의 열량소, 단백질, 무기질(Ca, Fe), 비타민(비타민 A.비타민 C.리보플라빈.나이아신) 등의 평균 영양소 섭취량은 권장량과 비교하여 보았을 때 영양소와 철분, 칼슘을 제외하고는 권장량보다 높거나 비슷한 수준이었다. 권장량 이하를 섭취하는 비율은 열량이 가장 많았고, 그 다음이 철분이었다. 강원도 지역 대학생들의 기호도 및 영양실패 조사가 학기중에 실시되었으므로 대학생들의 생활 양식이 매우 유사함을 발견하였으며, 기록자로 하여금 섭취량을 중량으로 환산하기 어려우면 컵량으로 기록하게 하였는데 컵량 표시에 대한 기록자와 분석자간의 눈대중의 오차 또한 있을 것으로 생각된다. 그리고 본 조사는 5월부터 7월중에 실시하였는데, 한국의 경우 계절에 따라 섭취 식품의 종류가 다양하므로 타 계절과는 차이점이 있을 수 있다고 사료된다.고 사료된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.347-358
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• 2004

유목문화를 근간으로 하는 몽골에서 말은 중요한 이동수단으로서 목축민들의 특별한 애정과 존중을 받아온 몽골을 대표하는 가축이다. 몽골에서 말은 가축을 흩어짐 없이 사육하고 새로운 초지를 찾아 유목하거나 장거리 이동시 주요한 교통수단으로 사용 되였다. 따라서 말은 몽골의 목축생활 양식과 불가분의 관계를 가지고 있다고 할 수 있다. 한국의 전통사회에서도 말은 교통수단과 군사용 등으로 사용된 중요한 가축이었다. 한국과 몽골의 문화에 등장하는 말은 신승물, 신성성, 의리를 지키고, 충성을 다하는 존재, 재앙을 예시하는 존재, 민중의 이상과 꿈을 실현시켜 줄 수 있는 존재, 정력과 지혜로움, 도약 등의 상징성을 지닌 동물로 묘사되어 있다. 또한 말은 신과 교감하는 천마이며, 신에게 바쳐지는 성물인 헌마로서 존중되었고, 그리고 신성한 존재인 마신으로까지 추앙받는 존재였음을 알 수 있다. 몽골에서 말과 관련된 세시풍속은 말이 출산하는 여름의 첫 달인 인일 '암말의 씨를 내는 의례'에서 시작해서 가을 술일에 '암말을 놓는 의례'로 끝이 난다. 암말의 씨를 내는 의례에서 암말을 놓는 의례에 이르기까지 말과 관련된 몽골의 세시풍속은 가축의 젖과 연관되어 있다. 암말의 씨를 내는 의례는 말이 새끼를 얻는 것을 기념하는 축제로서 이때는 각종 가축의 젖과 유제품이 흔해지는 풍요로운 시기이다. 몽골인들은 가축의 출산을 알리고 축원할 때 주로 가축의 젖을 바치는 풍속을 행한다. 즉, 말이 새끼를 낳는 초여름 새끼가 건강하게 자라서 수가 증가하기를 기원하고, 이와 더불어 유제품이 더 풍부해지기를 기원하면서 길상을 의미하는 흰색 젖의 특상품을 하늘, 대지 그리고 물의 신에게 뿌리는 차찰의식을 거행한다. 차찰의식을 통해 몽골인들은 초원의 풀이 잘 자라고 가축의 수가 증가하여 삶이 풍요로워 지기를 기원하였다. 가을의 '암말을 놓는 의례' 역시 말 젖짜기를 그치면서 다음 해 새끼말들이 많이 태어나서 더 많은 젖과 아이락을 얻기를 기원하는 축제임을 알 수 있다. 한국에서는 통일신라시대 이래로 국가가 주도하는 마제가 개최되었는데, 마조제는 중춘, 선목제는, 중하, 마사제는 중추 등 각각 길일을 택하여 말에게 제사하였다. 이들 제사는 말의 무병과 성장 번식을 기원하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 제주도의 대표적인 목축의례인 백중제 역시 그 해의 목축이 잘되기를 기원하는 제의의 형태로 나타난다. 또한 정월의 첫 말일인 상오일에 장을 담그면 맛이 좋다고 전해진다. 첫 말날 장을 담그면 장맛이 좋다고 하는 것은 말이 콩을 좋아하므로 콩을 원료로 하는 장을 담그는 것이고, 말날에 담근 장은 말피처럼 빛깔이 진하고 맛이 있다는 것이다. 말은 기가 왕성하므로 말날은 먼 길을 나서기에 좋은 날로 믿고 있다. 한국과 몽골의 말과 관련된 세시풍속은 말의 출산과 관련하여 다산과 풍요를 바라는 마음에서 신에게 기원하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 또한 몽골인들이 말 젖을 하늘과 땅에 뿌리는 차찰 의식을 통해 말의 번식과 흰색의 유제품이 풍부해지길 기원하였다면, 한국의 세시풍속은 제천의식을 통해 말의 번식과 무병을 기원하고 있음을 알 수 있다. 같은 북아시아 유목적 태반을 공유하고 있는 몽골과 한국의 목축 관행의 상사 및 상이점, 스텝과 농경지대라는 목축 환경의 상이성과 그를 기반으로 전개되어 온 목축 관행의 역사적인 변용들을 구체적으로 조목조목 따져 밝혀가는 본격적인 연구과제는 시론 차원의 이 논문에서는 일단 문제로만 제기해 두려 한다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.10-30
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• 2001

Oriental medicine needs to be armed with theories on health-improvement concept under it and basic data matching its views, in order to participate in the health-improvement service in industrial work places. The Orient medicine health-improvement program defines factors that determine individuals' lifestyle, and provides information and technologies for workers to practice in life. To that end, this research compares and analyzes health-improvement concept and health care, defines relations between individuals' health state and their lifestyle as the basic data needed to perform health-improvement business for workers. 1. The subjects employed for this research is categorized into; by gender, males 52.1% and females 47.9% with no big difference between them; and by age, 20s, 6.1%, 30s. 33.9%, 40s, 34.1%, and 50s, 24.8% with 30-50 accounting for most of it. By marriage status, unmarried represents 7.1%, and married 79.1% with most of them married; by revenue, under one million won represents 3.0%, 1-2 million won 26.4%, 2-2.49 million won 11.2%, above 2.5 million won 11.2%, and 1-2.5 million won a majority. By living location, owned houses represents 65.4%, rented houses 14.7%, monthly-rented 9.5%; and by education, elementary and middle school represent 16.9%, high school and its dropouts 22.6%, and junior college and higher 51.6%, with high school and higher occupying most of the group. 2. By job, office workers and managerial workers represent 12.3%, part-timers 21.0%, manual workers 11.4%, jobless 0.6%, professionals 35.6%, service 0.6%, housewives 8.4%, and equipment/machinery operation/assemblers 10.1%. Of this, jobless and part-timers, totaling three, are dropped from this research. By years worked, 0-3.9 years represents 9.7%, 4-7.9 years 6.7%, 8-14.9 years 18.4%, above 15 years 28.7%, and no respondents 36.5%. 3. The degree of the subjects practicing life-improvement lifestyle, on a scale of 1 to 4, is an average of 2.69, personal relations 3.04, self-realization 2.92, stress management 2.76, nutritional state 2.73, responsibility for health 2.47, and athletic activities 2.18, with personal relations earning the highest points and athletic activities the lowest. As for factors influencing health-improvement lifestyle, there is no significant difference between gender, age, and marriage status. Meanwhile, there is significant difference between revenue, dwelling pattern, education level, etc. That is, higher income-bracket, owned houses, rented houses, monthly-rented houses, and higher-educated, in this order, show higher average in health-enhancement lifestyle. By job, housewives, manual workers, office workers, professionals, equipment/ machinery operation/ assemblers, and part-timers, in this order show higher points, while there is no difference with significance by years worked. 4. Factors that affect health-improvement lifestyle are shown below. Self-realization is influenced by age, marriage status, type of dwellings, and level of education; responsibility for health by type of dwellings; athletic activities by gender and age; nutrition by age, marriage status and type of dwellings; personal relations by marriage status; and stress management by type of dwellings. 5. Areas with high points by job show this: in self-realization, office workers, manual workers, housewives, professionals, equipment/ machinery operation/ assemblers, in this order, show difference with significance; in the area of responsibility for health, manual workers, housewives, equipment/ machinery operation/ assemblers, professionals, office workers and part-timers, in this order, do. In athletic activities, manual workers, housewives, office workers, professionals, equipment/ machinery operation/ assemblers, and part-timers, in this order, show difference with significance; in nutrition, housewives, office workers, manual workers, professionals, equipment/ machinery operation/ assemblers, and part-timers, in this order do; and in stress, housewives, office workers, manual workers, professionals, equipment/ machinery operation/ assemblers, part-timers, in this order do. By years worked, more years showed higher points in the area of responsibility for health and nutrition; in the area of athletic activities, above 15 years, 4-8 years, below 4 years and 8-14 years, in this order, show higher points; and no difference shows in realization, personal relation, and stress area. 6. To look at correlation between overall and divisional health-improvement practice degree, this researcher has analyzed it using Person's correlation coefficient. Self-realization, responsibility for health, athletic activities, nutrition, support for personal relations, and stress management show significant correlation with the sub-divisions, while all health-improvement lifestyle shows significant correlation with the six sub-divisions.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.111-140
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• 2002

This study was conducted from April 1 through April 30, 2002 in order to figure out the relationship between physical health status and life style and the factors influencing physical health. Subjects were selected from among the residents older than 20 years old by probability scheme of one out of 2000. Three thousand people were interviewed by questionnaires, and 2,742(91.4%) respondents were used for analysis, and the results are as follows: 1. Ridit(Relatives to an identified distribution it) of category one by sex was 0.26 in man, and 0.25 in woman. Ridit of category two was 0.57 in man and 0.53 in woman, those of category three was 0.72 in man and 0.65 in woman. That of category four was 0.86 in man and 0.85 in woman, that of category five was 0.95 in man and 0.97 in woman, and that of category six was 0.98 in man and 0.99 in woman. The ridits and health related categories by sex were r=.954 in man and r=.966 in woman(p<0.01) 2. Ridits of healthy behavior 2-1. The ridit of males who slept for less than 6 hrs was 0.71, that of those who slept for $7{\sim}8$ hrs was 0.24, and that of those who slept for more than 9 hours was 0.96. The ridit of females who slept for less than 6 was 0.80, that of those who slept for $7{\sim}8$ hrs was 0.32, and that of those who slept for more than 9 hrs was 0.97. 2-2. The ridit of male, who ate breakfast everyday was 0.30, that of those who ate one to four breakfast per week was 0.87, and that of those who never ate breakfasts was 0.96. The ridit of females who ate breakfast everyday was 0.32, that of those who ate breakfast one to four times a week was 0.75, and that of those who never ate breakfast was 0.99. 2-3. The ridit of males whose body weights were 10% lower than normal body weight was 0.45, that of those with $5{\sim}9.9%$ less than normal body weight was 0.28, that of those with ${\pm}4.9%$ of normal body weight was 0.12, that of those whose body weights were $5{\sim}9.9%$ heavier than normal was 0.40, that of those whose body weights were $10{\sim}19.9%$ heavier than normal was 0.74, that of those with $20{\sim}29.9%$ heavier than normal body weights was 0.78 and that of those with 30% heavier than normal body weight was 0.87. That of females with 10% less than normal body weight was 0.53, that of those with $5{\sim}99%$ less than normal body weight was 0.32, that of 4.9% those with ${\pm}f$ normal body weight was 0.14, that of those with 5.0 to 9.9% heavier body weights was 0.43, that of those with 10 to 19.9% heavier body weight was 0.65, that of those with $20{\sim}29.9%$ heavier body weight was 0.94 and that of those with more than 30% of normal body weight was 0.94. 2-4. The ridit of males who exercised everyday was 0.11, that of those who exercised three to four times a week was 0.25, that of those exercising once or twice a week was 0.48, and that of those who never exercised was 0.80. The ridit of females exercising everyday was 0.08, that of those exercising three to four times a week was 0.21, that of those exercising one to two times was 0.35 and that of those who never exercised was 0.72. 2-5. The ridit of males who did not drink at all was 0.14, that of those who drank one or two cups of hard liquor(Soju) was 0.39, that of those who drank a half bottle of Soju was 0.56, that of those who darnk a bottle of Soju was 0.73 and that of those who drank two bottles of Soju was 0.96. The ridit of females who did not drink at all was 0.30, that of those who drank one or two cups of Soju was 0.70, that of those who drank a half bottle of Soju was 0.84, that of those who drank a bottle of Soju was 0.97 and that of those who drank more than two bottles of Soju was 0.99. 2-6 The ridit of males who did not smoke was 0.20, that of those who smoked one or two cigarettes was 0.44, that of those who smoked about ten cigarettes was 0.58, and that of those who smoked more than a pack of cigarettes was 0.85. The ridit of females who did not smoke at all was 0.90, that of those who smokes one or two cigarettes was 0.91, that of those who smoked about the cigarettes was 0.93 and that of those who smoked more than a pack of cigarettes was 0.96 3. The ridit of males who had healthy behavior in six categories was 0.43 and the average age of them was 45, that of those who had healthy behavior in five categories was 0.47 and the average age was 45, that of those who had healthy behavior in three categories was 0.50 and the average age was 43, that of those who had heathy behavior in two categories was 0.60 and the average age was 40, that of those who had healthy behavior in one category was 0.68 and the average age was 38, and that of those who did not have healthy behavior at all in six categories was 0.79 and the average age was 41. The ridit of females who had heathy behavior in six categories was 0.38 and the average age was 45, that of those who had healthy behavior in five categories was 0.40 and the average age was 44, that of those who had healthy behavior in four categories was 0.46 and the average age was 43, that of those who had healthy behavior in three categories was 0.52 and the average age was 44, that of those who had healthy behavior in two categories was 0.57 and the average age was 41, that of those who the healthy behavior in one category was 0.62 and the average age was 40, and that those who did not have healthy behavior in six categories was 0.79 and the average age was 43. 4. The health statues of the persons who the healthy behavior were better than those who did not have healthy behavior. If the people have healthy behavior in young age and they have healthy education continuously, they can live healthier lives.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.995-1009
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• 2007

청소년기의 식습관은 현재의 영양섭취와 미래의 건강에 영향을 미치므로 그 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 전주시내 중학생 450 명을 대상으로 학생들의 식행동을 조사하여 성별에 따른 차이 연구와 비만여부에 따른 차이를 연구하였다. 비만판정은 체질량 지수, 신장별 체중, 비만도의 3가지 비만판정 방법 중 2가지를 만족하는 학생을 비만으로 하였으며 설문지를 이용하여 식행동과 식품섭취 실태를 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 조사대상자의 분포는 남학생은 56.7%(255명), 여학생은 43.3%(195명) 이었으며 비만${\cdot}$비비 만별로는 비만은 33.6%(151명), 비비만은 66.4% (299 명 ) 이였다. 또 남학생이 여학생보다 유의적으로 비만율이 높게 나타났다 (p<0.05). 나이는 13세, 14세가 가장 많았으며 부모의 학력은 고졸이 가장 많았고, 아버지 직업은 공무원 및 회사원이, 어머니 직업은 전업주부가 가장 많았다. 학 생들이 자각하는 경제적 수준은 중류층으로 인식하는 경우 가 가장 많았고 자신의 체격에 대해서는 비비만학생의 경우는 66.6% 가 '적당하다'고 인식하고 있었으며 비만학생의 경우는 62.0% 가 '뚱뚱하다'고 인식하고 있었다. 하루 중 세끼 모두 식사하는 경우는 64.2%였으며, 아침 결식은 27.3%, 점심 결식은 1.1%, 저녁 결식은 7.4% 임을 알 수 있었다. 식사 시간의 규칙성은 성별로는 남학생 (58.8%) 이 여학생 (55.9%)에 비해 규칙적이었으며, 비만${\cdot}$비비만별로는 비비만학생 (62.2%)이 비만학생 (48.0%) 에 비해 규칙적인 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 식사에 걸리는 시간은 전체 59.4% 가 10${\sim}$20 분이었고, 남학생이 여학생에 비해 식사속도가 빠른 것으로 나타났다 (p<0.05). 식사량은 남학생이 여학생보다 많고 비만학생이 비비만학생보다 식사량이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 가장 좋아하는 맛은 매운맛, 단맛, 신맛, 짠맛, 쓴맛 순이었고 비만 학생이 비비만학생에 비해 짠맛과 매운맛을 좋아하는 것으로 나다났다(p<0.05). 싫어하는 음식은 남녀학생 모두 특정 채소(부추, 호박)를 싫어하는 경향이 많았고 여학생이 남학생에 비해 식사할 때 가라는 음식이 많은 것으로 나다났다(p<0.01). 한 달 동안의 외식횟수는 2${\sim}$4회(33.6%) 가 가장 많았고, 비비만학생이 비만학생보다 외식 횟수가 많았으며 가족과 외식할 때 주로 먹는 음식은 한식, 양식, 중국음식 순으로 나다났다. 친구와 외식할 때 주로 먹는 음식은 패스트푸드가 79.6%로 가장 많았다 간식의 횟수는 대부분(86.3%) 하루에 1회 이상이었고 비비만학생이 비만학생보다 간식 횟수가 더 많았으며 (p<0.01), 간식을 먹는 주된 이유 는 배가 고파서였고 간식을 먹는 시간은 방과 후 저녁시간이 가장 많았다. 간식으로 주로 먹는 음식은 과자류, 라면류, 과일, 우유 및 유제품 순으로 나다났다. 성별에 따른 일주일간 식품 섭취는 남학생의 경우에 라면(p<0.05), 우유 (p<0.01), 탄산음료(p<0.05)가, 여학생의 경우는 초콜릿${\cdot}$사탕(p<0.05)의 섭취빈도가 높았으며 비만${\cdot}$비비만별 일주일간의 식품 섭취는 비비만학생이 비만학생에 비해 라면(p<0.05), 햄버거${\cdot}$피자(p<0.05), 초콜릿${\cdot}$사탕 (p<0.01)의 섭취빈도가 높았다. 또 남자 비비만학생이 햄버거${\cdot}$피자, 라면의 섭취빈도가 높았으며(p<0.05), 여자 비비만학생은 초콜릿${\cdot}$사탕의 섭취 빈도가 높았다 (p<0.01). 이상과 같이 식사의 규칙성, 싫어하는 음식, 간식, 식품섭취 빈도 등에서 남녀별, 비만${\cdot}$비비만별 차이가존재하며 특히 몇 가지 식습관과식 행동은 지도가 필요하다고 사료된다. 첫째, 아침 결식은 청소년기의 신체적 성장${\cdot}$발달과 수학능력 등 학교생활에 영향을 미치므로 적극적인 지도와 보완책이 필요하며 둘째, 친구들과 외식할 때 패스트푸드가 높은 비중을 차지하는 청소년들의 외식유형에 대한 관심과, 편향된 영양소와 지나친 칼로리의 패스트푸드를 지양하는 영양교육이 필요하며 셋째, 비만학생들의 식사량 제한이나 특정식품 제한은 성장기의 영양결핍이나 성장지연을 가져올 수 있으므로 올바른 체중관리 프로그램의 교육 및 보급이 필요하다고 사료된다. 이를 위한 청소년기의 바른 식생활 습관 적절한 영양섭취를 위한 체계적인 영양교육이 요구되며 학교와 가정, 사회가 관심을 가져야할 것이다.