• Title/Summary/Keyword: 개체 기반

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Implementation of Responsive Web Application for Location-based Semantic Search (위치기반 시맨틱 검색을 위한 반응형 웹 애플리케이션 구현)

  • Lee, Suhyoung;Lee, Yongju
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Information Technology
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2019
  • Unlike existing Open APIs, Linked Data are made as a huge intelligent base to perform high-level SPARQL queries, and it is possible to create efficiently a new content by mashuping different information from various datasets. This paper implements a responsive web application for location-based semantic search. We mashup DBpedia, a kind of Linked Data, and GoogleMap API provided by Google, and provide a semantic browser function to confirm detail information regarding retrieved objects. Our system can be used in various access environments such as PC and mobile by applying responsive web design idea. The system implemented in this paper compares functional specifications with existing systems with similar functions. The comparison results show the superiority of our system in various aspects such as using semantic, linked-based browser, and mashup function.

Construction of LRM-Based Bibliographic Structure for Describing Old Materials (고문헌 기술을 위한 LRM 기반 서지구조 구축: 에이전트, 장소, 시간 개체를 중심으로)

  • Minjung Park;Seungmin Lee
    • Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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    • v.40 no.3
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    • pp.197-219
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    • 2023
  • The cataloging rules of AACR families and bibliographic structure, which are broadly used in describing resources, show limitations in reflecting the unique bibliographic characteristics of Korean old materials. Thus this research proposed a bibliographic structure optimized to the unique bibliographic characteristics of Korean old materials by establishing bibliographic relationships between bibliographic entities based on the FRBR LRM conceptual model. The bibliographic relationships should be established in the way of connecting related materials in the bibliographic structure. These relationships should sufficiently reflect the bibliographic characteristics of the materials, physical variations, and content variations. Through this structure, the bibliographic description can be separated and integrated into the bibliograhpic unit by applying LRM conceptual model. By using the proposed structure, the organization, management, and utilization of Korean old materials can be more efficient. Also, it can provide a new bibliographic environment that can be the foundation of creating BIBFRAME records for Korean old materials.

Semantic Object Segmentation Using Conditional Generative Adversarial Network with Residual Connections (잔차 연결의 조건부 생성적 적대 신경망을 사용한 시맨틱 객체 분할)

  • Ibrahem, Hatem;Salem, Ahmed;Yagoub, Bilel;Kang, Hyun Su;Suh, Jae-Won
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.26 no.12
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    • pp.1919-1925
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    • 2022
  • In this paper, we propose an image-to-image translation approach based on the conditional generative adversarial network for semantic segmentation. Semantic segmentation is the task of clustering parts of an image together which belong to the same object class. Unlike the traditional pixel-wise classification approach, the proposed method parses an input RGB image to its corresponding semantic segmentation mask using a pixel regression approach. The proposed method is based on the Pix2Pix image synthesis method. We employ residual connections-based convolutional neural network architectures for both the generator and discriminator architectures, as the residual connections speed up the training process and generate more accurate results. The proposed method has been trained and tested on the NYU-depthV2 dataset and could achieve a good mIOU value (49.5%). We also compare the proposed approach to the current methods in semantic segmentation showing that the proposed method outperforms most of those methods.

A Comparative Study on Korean Zero-shot Relation Extraction using a Large Language Model (거대 언어 모델을 활용한 한국어 제로샷 관계 추출 비교 연구)

  • Jinsung Kim;Gyeongmin Kim;Kinam Park;Heuiseok Lim
    • Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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    • 2023.10a
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    • pp.648-653
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    • 2023
  • 관계 추출 태스크는 주어진 텍스트로부터 두 개체 간의 적절한 관계를 추론하는 작업이며, 지식 베이스 구축 및 질의응답과 같은 응용 태스크의 기반이 된다. 최근 자연어처리 분야 전반에서 생성형 거대 언어모델의 내재 지식을 활용하여 뛰어난 성능을 성취하면서, 대표적인 정보 추출 태스크인 관계 추출에서 역시 이를 적극적으로 활용 가능한 방안에 대한 탐구가 필요하다. 특히, 실 세계의 추론 환경과의 유사성에서 기인하는 저자원 특히, 제로샷 환경에서의 관계 추출 연구의 중요성에 기반하여, 효과적인 프롬프팅 기법의 적용이 유의미함을 많은 기존 연구에서 증명해왔다. 따라서, 본 연구는 한국어 관계 추출 분야에서 거대 언어모델에 다각적인 프롬프팅 기법을 활용하여 제로샷 환경에서의 추론에 관한 비교 연구를 진행함으로써, 추후 한국어 관계 추출을 위한 최적의 거대 언어모델 프롬프팅 기법 심화 연구의 기반을 제공하고자 한다. 특히, 상식 추론 등의 도전적인 타 태스크에서 큰 성능 개선을 보인 사고의 연쇄(Chain-of-Thought) 및 자가 개선(Self-Refine)을 포함한 세 가지 프롬프팅 기법을 한국어 관계 추출에 도입하여 양적/질적으로 비교 분석을 제공한다. 실험 결과에 따르면, 사고의 연쇄 및 자가 개선 기법 보다 일반적인 태스크 지시 등이 포함된 프롬프팅이 정량적으로 가장 좋은 제로샷 성능을 보인다. 그러나, 이는 두 방법의 한계를 지적하는 것이 아닌, 한국어 관계 추출 태스크에의 최적화의 필요성을 암시한다고 해석 가능하며, 추후 이러한 방법론들을 발전시키는 여러 실험적 연구에 의해 개선될 것으로 판단된다.

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Detection of Individual Trees in Human Settlement Using Airborne LiDAR Data and Deep Learning-Based Urban Green Space Map (항공 라이다와 딥러닝 기반 도시 수목 면적 지도를 이용한 개별 도시 수목 탐지)

  • Yeonsu Lee ;Bokyung Son ;Jungho Im
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.39 no.5_4
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    • pp.1145-1153
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    • 2023
  • Urban trees play an important role in absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, improving air quality, mitigating the urban heat island effect, and providing ecosystem services. To effectively manage and conserve urban trees, accurate spatial information on their location, condition, species, and population is needed. In this study, we propose an algorithm that uses a high-resolution urban tree cover map constructed from deep learning approach to separate trees from the urban land surface and accurately detect tree locations through local maximum filtering. Instead of using a uniform filter size, we improved the tree detection performance by selecting the appropriate filter size according to the tree height in consideration of various urban growth environments. The research output, the location and height of individual trees in human settlement over Suwon, will serve as a basis for sustainable management of urban ecosystems and carbon reduction measures.

Understanding ICT Platform Business by Ecosystem Research Review (생태계 연구 리뷰를 통한 정보기술 플랫폼 비즈니스의 이해)

  • Hyunjeong Kang
    • Information Systems Review
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.183-198
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    • 2020
  • The development of IT increases the importance of understanding of IT-driven ecosystems. Platform business is the representative business model in the era of innovative IT-based businesses. However, it lacks the review research that entails ecosystem perspectives from traditional disciplines in which the perspective of ecosystem had been applied. Further most of platform research have focused on the comparison between ecosystems as a whole rather than exploration on complementors in the ecosystem who are selected and survive and, in turn, contributed to maintain the ecosystem to compete with other ecosystems. The current study listed highly cited papers from economics, sociological ecology, socio-technical ecology, organization studies, and marketing research which have cumulated research on ecosystems. And the three most critical features that determine the success of complementors, which are competition, relationality, and adaptability. Present study showed how the features were explained by each perspective from the different disciplines.

A Study on Knowledge Entity Extraction Method for Individual Stocks Based on Neural Tensor Network (뉴럴 텐서 네트워크 기반 주식 개별종목 지식개체명 추출 방법에 관한 연구)

  • Yang, Yunseok;Lee, Hyun Jun;Oh, Kyong Joo
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.25-38
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    • 2019
  • Selecting high-quality information that meets the interests and needs of users among the overflowing contents is becoming more important as the generation continues. In the flood of information, efforts to reflect the intention of the user in the search result better are being tried, rather than recognizing the information request as a simple string. Also, large IT companies such as Google and Microsoft focus on developing knowledge-based technologies including search engines which provide users with satisfaction and convenience. Especially, the finance is one of the fields expected to have the usefulness and potential of text data analysis because it's constantly generating new information, and the earlier the information is, the more valuable it is. Automatic knowledge extraction can be effective in areas where information flow is vast, such as financial sector, and new information continues to emerge. However, there are several practical difficulties faced by automatic knowledge extraction. First, there are difficulties in making corpus from different fields with same algorithm, and it is difficult to extract good quality triple. Second, it becomes more difficult to produce labeled text data by people if the extent and scope of knowledge increases and patterns are constantly updated. Third, performance evaluation is difficult due to the characteristics of unsupervised learning. Finally, problem definition for automatic knowledge extraction is not easy because of ambiguous conceptual characteristics of knowledge. So, in order to overcome limits described above and improve the semantic performance of stock-related information searching, this study attempts to extract the knowledge entity by using neural tensor network and evaluate the performance of them. Different from other references, the purpose of this study is to extract knowledge entity which is related to individual stock items. Various but relatively simple data processing methods are applied in the presented model to solve the problems of previous researches and to enhance the effectiveness of the model. From these processes, this study has the following three significances. First, A practical and simple automatic knowledge extraction method that can be applied. Second, the possibility of performance evaluation is presented through simple problem definition. Finally, the expressiveness of the knowledge increased by generating input data on a sentence basis without complex morphological analysis. The results of the empirical analysis and objective performance evaluation method are also presented. The empirical study to confirm the usefulness of the presented model, experts' reports about individual 30 stocks which are top 30 items based on frequency of publication from May 30, 2017 to May 21, 2018 are used. the total number of reports are 5,600, and 3,074 reports, which accounts about 55% of the total, is designated as a training set, and other 45% of reports are designated as a testing set. Before constructing the model, all reports of a training set are classified by stocks, and their entities are extracted using named entity recognition tool which is the KKMA. for each stocks, top 100 entities based on appearance frequency are selected, and become vectorized using one-hot encoding. After that, by using neural tensor network, the same number of score functions as stocks are trained. Thus, if a new entity from a testing set appears, we can try to calculate the score by putting it into every single score function, and the stock of the function with the highest score is predicted as the related item with the entity. To evaluate presented models, we confirm prediction power and determining whether the score functions are well constructed by calculating hit ratio for all reports of testing set. As a result of the empirical study, the presented model shows 69.3% hit accuracy for testing set which consists of 2,526 reports. this hit ratio is meaningfully high despite of some constraints for conducting research. Looking at the prediction performance of the model for each stocks, only 3 stocks, which are LG ELECTRONICS, KiaMtr, and Mando, show extremely low performance than average. this result maybe due to the interference effect with other similar items and generation of new knowledge. In this paper, we propose a methodology to find out key entities or their combinations which are necessary to search related information in accordance with the user's investment intention. Graph data is generated by using only the named entity recognition tool and applied to the neural tensor network without learning corpus or word vectors for the field. From the empirical test, we confirm the effectiveness of the presented model as described above. However, there also exist some limits and things to complement. Representatively, the phenomenon that the model performance is especially bad for only some stocks shows the need for further researches. Finally, through the empirical study, we confirmed that the learning method presented in this study can be used for the purpose of matching the new text information semantically with the related stocks.

An Analysis of Soil Pressure Gauge Result from KHC Test Road (시험도로 토압계 계측결과 분석)

  • In Byeong-Eock;Kim Ji-Won;Kim Kyong-Ha;Lee Kwang-Ho
    • International Journal of Highway Engineering
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    • v.8 no.3 s.29
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    • pp.129-141
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    • 2006
  • The vertical soil pressure developed in the granular layer of asphalt pavement system is influenced by various factors, including the wheel load magnitude, the loading speed, and asphalt pavement temperature. This research observed the distribution of vertical soil pressure in pavement supporting layer by investigating measured data from soil pressure gage in the KHC Test Road. The existing specification of subbase and subgrade compaction was also evaluated with measured vertical pressure. The finite element analysis was conducted to verify the accuracy of results with measured data because it can maximize research capacity without significant field test. The test data was collected from A5, A7, A14, and A15 test sections at August, September, and November 2004 and August 2005. Those test sections and test data were selected because they had best quality. The size of influence area was evaluated and the vertical pressure variation was investigated with respect to load level, load speed, and pavement temperature. The lower speed, higher load level, and higher pavement temperature increased the vertical pressure and reduced the area of influence. The finite element result showed the similar trend of vertical pressure variation in comparison with measured data. The specification of compaction quality for subbase and subgrade is higher than the level of vertical pressure measured with truck load so that it should be lurker investigated.

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Studies on Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationships of Korean Native Chicken using the Microsatellite Marker (Microsatellite Marker를 활용한 한국 토종닭 품종의 유전적 다양성 및 유연관계 분석)

  • Seo, Joo Hee;Oh, Jea-Don;Lee, Jun-Heon;Seo, Dongwon;Kong, Hong Sik
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.42 no.1
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    • pp.15-26
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    • 2015
  • In this study, genotyping was executed by using 27 microsatellite markers for genetic diversity of 469 Korean Native Chickens [20 population, each population is 24 samples but Hanhyup A line is 13 samples). in total 469 samples were collected from National Institute of Animal Science (Korean Native Chicken (NR, NY, NG, NL and NW), Ogye (NO), Leghorn F,K (NF and NK), Black and Brown cormish (NH and NS), Rhode Island Red C, D (NC and ND), Total is 12 populations] and Hanhyup [H line (HH), F line (HF), G line (HG), V line (HV), S line (HS), W line (HW), Y line (HY), A line (HA), total is 8 populations]. [The allele number were observed 5 (ADL0268) to 20 (MCW0127) each markers. Observed heterozygostiy ($H_{obs}$), expected heterozygosity ($H_{exp}$), polymorphism Information Content (PIC) were observed 0.359 to 0.677, 0.668 to 0.881 and 0.646 to 0.869, respectively. Using these markers, the calculated the heterozygote deficit within chicken line ($F_{is}$) value each population from mean 0.117. Phylogenetic tree showing the genetic relationship among 20 population using standard genetic distance calculated from 27 microsatellite markers. genetic distances revealed the closest (0.175) between NC and ND. on the other hand, Farthest genetic distances (0.710) revealed between NF and HV. STRUCTURE analysis and Principal Components Analysis (PCA) showed that results of similar phylogenetic tree. The expected probability of identity values on random individuals (Total population and only Hanhyup line) was estimated at $8.80{\times}10^{-83}$ and $3.87{\times}10^{-117}$, respectively. In conclusion, This study shows the useful data that be utilized as a basic data of Korean Native Chicken breeding and development for commercial chicken industry to meet the consumer's demand.

Diversity, Spatial Distribution and Ecological Characteristics of Relict Forest Trees in South Korea (한국 산림유존목의 다양성, 공간 분포 및 생태 특성)

  • CHO, Hyun-Je;Lee, Cheol-Ho;Shin, Joon-Hwan;Bae, Kwan-Ho;Cho, Yong-Chan;Kim, Jun-Soo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.105 no.4
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    • pp.401-413
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    • 2016
  • Forest resources utilization and variable disturbance history have been affected the rarity and conservation value of forest relict trees, which served as habitat for forest biodiversity, important carbon stock and cultural role include human and natural history in South Korea. This study was conducted to establish the baseline data for forest resources conservation by clarifying species diversity, spatial distribution and ecological characteristics (individual and habitat) of forest relict trees (DBH > 300 cm) based on the data getting from mountain trail, high resolution aerial photos and field professionals and field survey. As results, 54 taxa (18 family 32 genus 48 species 1 subspecies 3 variety and 2 form) as about 22% of tree species in Korea was identified in the field. 837 individuals of forest relict trees were observed and the majority of the trees was in Pinaceae, deciduous Fagaceae and Rosaceae, which families are abundant in population diversity. High elevation area was important to relict trees as mean altitudinal distribution was 1,200 m a.s.l as likely affected by human activity gradients and mid-steep slope and North aspect was important environment for the trees remain. Many individuals exhibited 'damage larger branch' (55.6%) and consequent relatively lower mean canopy coverages (below 80%). Synthetically, present diversity and abundance of relict forest trees in South Korea were the result of complex process among climate variation, local weather and biological factors and the trees of big and old were estimated to important forest biodiversity elements. In the future, clarifying the role and function of relict trees in forest ecosystem, in- and ex- situ programmes for important trees and habitat, and activities for building the background of conservation policy such as "Guideline for identifying and measurement of forest relict trees".