• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.73-91
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• 2006

This study was conducted for market segmentation of cruise tourist according to launching the "T" in Busan. Benefit segmentation was used to identify attributes of cruise services; importance of ship's physical appearance and importance of service and activities. 24 attributes were distilled to 5 factors: 'Facility & Service', 'Atmospherics of cruise ship', 'Escape', 'Choice', 'Safety'. A K-means cluster analysis identified three clustered segments for five importance factors in which high loyalty customers were found to be the most important segment. Based on the findings, three distinct groups were formed: 'Moderators', 'High Loyalty', 'Spurious'. The most important factors by high loyalty groups were identified 'Safety', 'Facility & Service', 'Atmospherics of cruise ship', 'Choice', 'Escape' in order. The results of the study showed statistically significant differences among the three groups in terms of demographic and behavioral variables. Especially, the target market should be considered by 'High Loyalty' group and 'Moderators' group in order. Positioning strategies and marketing mix strategies for effectively targeting the segments were discussed.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.243-253
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• 2015

This study examined the factors that affect the relationship between customer consumption propensity, customer bakery selction and customer behavioral intention. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed to the consumers, of which 27 were deemed suitable for analysis after the removal of 28 unusable responses. In order to perform statistical analyses required in the study, SPSS 18.0 Statistical Program was employed for frequency analysis, factor analysis, and reliability analysis. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that three factors regarding customer consumption propensity were extracted from all measurements with a KMO of 0.778 and a total cumulative variance of 62.121%. With regard to bakery selection attributes, three factors were extracted with a total cumulative variance of 65.69% and a KMO score of 0.776. One factor for behavioral intention was extracted that accounted for a total cumulative variance of 69.82% and a KMO score of 0.803. All factors were significant to 0.000 and the correlation between variables was significant. Thus, based on the results, the main research hypothesis that identifies the relationships between bakery selection attributes and behavioral intention was partially adopted.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.11-22
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• 2010

In case that group communication protocols assume every process is interested in all events occurring in a large scale group, the events multicasting to a subset of a large process group, such as a sensor network, potentially varying for every event based on their interests might lead to very high communication overhead on each individual process. Moreover, despite the importance of both guaranteeing message delivery order and supporting overlapped group using gossip based group communication for multicasting in sensor or P2P networks, there exist little research works on development of gossip-based protocols to satisfy all these requirements. In this paper, we present a new gossip-based causal message order guaranteeing multicast protocol based on local views and delegates representing subgroups and fully utilizing multi-group features to improve scalability. In the proposed protocol, the message delivery order in overlapped groups has been guaranteed consistently by all corresponding members of the groups including delegates. Therefore, these features of the proposed protocol might be significantly scalable rather than those of the protocols guaranteeing atomic order dependencies between multicast messages by hierarchical membership list of dedicated groups like traditional committee protocols and much stronger rather than fully decentralized protocols guaranteeing dependencies between multicast messages based on only local views. And the proposed protocol is a hybrid approach improving the inherent scalability of multicast nature by gossip-based technique in all communications.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.159-169
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• 2006

Interpretive sign is a communication medium that is often used in self-guided interpretation. Understanding interpretive signs and their users is important to maximize the effectiveness of interpretation. This study evaluated design attributes of interpretive signs by visitor's personal characteristics and visiting patterns using Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA). Data were collected from August to September of 2003 at the self-guided trail in Naejangsan National Park, Korea. Visitors using the trail participated in a questionnaire survey, and a total of 276 subiects was used for data analysis. The IPA results showed that female(23.3%) than male(13.3%), low age group(43.3%) than middle(0.0%) and high age group(0.0%), higher education group(36.7%) than lower education group(0.0%), medium size group(33.3%) than large(10.0%) or small group(16.7%), 'with child' group(66.7%) than 'without child' group(20.0%) rated higher importance and lower performance on more design attributes of the interpretive signs. These groups also showed higher rate of 'Concentrate Here(CH)' attributes that require urgent improvement. The 'with child' group showed the especially high rate of 'CH' attributes. The results suggest that interpretive signs need to be designed considering diverse user groups. It is also necessary to develop some standardized items of the sign design attributes for more efficient and reliable implementation of IPA and other evaluative works.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.108-121
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to carry out the exploratory study on the easiness of using smart phone applications for searching food service information based on consumer characteristics. Examining the attributes of the easiness of using smart phone applications for searching food service information, this study checks the order of priority in the attributes and analyzes the correlation among the constructs of easiness of use, along with the difference in easiness of use based on demographic characteristics. The survey was conducted to the users of smart phones who live in 3 areas such as Seoul/Kyongki, Daegu/Kyongbuk, and Busan/Kyongnam from Jan. 3-Feb. 3, 2011, and total 264 copies of questionnaire were used for the final analysis. The result showed that the respondents considered the functions of searching restaurants, recommended restaurants, and the popularity list more important among the measurement items of easiness of use, and there was highly positive correlation between easiness to select restaurants and communication functions among all the factors drawn. It was found that there was significant difference in the function of searching restaurants, practicality, the easiness to select restaurants, communication, and the easiness to select menu on areas.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.112 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2023

Predicting forest productivity is essential to evaluate sustainable forest management or to enhance forest ecosystem services. Ordinary least squares (OLS) and partial least squares (PLS) regression models were used to develop predictive models for forest productivity (site index) from the site characteristics and soil profile, along with soil physical and chemical properties, of 112 Quercus mongolica stands. The adjusted coefficients of determination (adjusted R²) in the regression models were higher for the site characteristics and soil profile of B horizon (R²=0.32) and of A horizon (R²=0.29) than for the soil physical and chemical properties of B horizon (R²=0.21) and A horizon (R²=0.09). The PLS models (R²=0.20-0.32) were better predictors of site index than the OLS models (R²=0.09-0.31). These results suggest that the regression models for Q. mongolica can be applied to predict the forest productivity, but new variables may need to be developed to enhance the explanatory power of regression models.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.121-148
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to propose a scholarly paper recommendation system based on metadata attribute similarity with excellent performance. This study suggests a scholarly paper recommendation method that combines techniques from two sub-fields of Library and Information Science, namely metadata use in Information Organization and co-citation analysis, author bibliographic coupling, co-occurrence frequency, and cosine similarity in Bibliometrics. To conduct experiments, a total of 9,643 paper metadata related to "inequality" and "divide" were collected and refined to derive relative coordinate values between author, keyword, and title attributes using cosine similarity. The study then conducted experiments to select weight conditions and dimension numbers that resulted in a good performance. The results were presented and evaluated by users, and based on this, the study conducted discussions centered on the research questions through reference node and recommendation combination characteristic analysis, conjoint analysis, and results from comparative analysis. Overall, the study showed that the performance was excellent when author-related attributes were used alone or in combination with title-related attributes. If the technique proposed in this study is utilized and a wide range of samples are secured, it could help improve the performance of recommendation techniques not only in the field of literature recommendation in information services but also in various other fields in society.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.1032-1042
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the attitudes and satisfaction level towards military foodservices as well as suggest effective ways to increase foodservice quality. A questionnaire survey was administered to 413 subjects, which included 400 soldiers and 13 foodservice managers. The survey period was from August 6 to August 25, 2008. The collected data were statistically treated using SPSS V12.0. Most of the investigated soldiers were 20~25 years old. The foodservice managers were male general officials and the majority of them had no prior food service training. None of the foodservice managers had a dietician certificate. Menu was planned through a local foodservice conference, and most food materials were delivered in the form of center-type and military unit-type. Deficiency and deterioration of food service facilities (28.6%) as well as deficiency in the number of cooking personnel (14.3%) increased the difficulty of operational management. Soldiers expressed a desire for increases in Western (25.7%) and Korean traditional foods (21.5%), which meant menu diversity. To increase the quality of military foodservices, taste of food (40.6%), increased portion size (30.4%), and improvement in hygienic conditions (13.6%) were demanded by the soldiers. Food taste (30.8%), improvement in hygienic conditions (23.1%), and better job management were all demanded by the foodservice managers. After factor analysis, quality attributes were rearranged into five dimensions, including facilities, food, menu, service, and sanitation most attributes were over 4 points out of 5 total in importance, but only 3 points in performance. The importance score was higher than the performance score. Soldiers' overall satisfaction level was on average 3.43 points out of 5 points.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.51-76
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• 2022

Identifying the factors that influence the formation of the entrepreneurial intention is important in cultivating entrepreneurs and inducing entrepreneurial innovation in the country. Previous studies have mainly examined the direct effects of social cognition attributes as predictors on entrepreneurial intentions or entrepreneurial activities. However, the fundamental factors that these social cognition attributes are derived from have not been sufficiently addressed in the field of entrepreneurship. Based on social cognitive theory and schema theory, this study assumes that an individual's entrepreneurial experience is an important antecedent factor in forming social cognitive attributes, and reveals the mechanism for how experience forms entrepreneurial intention. To this end, this study analyzes the influence of entrepreneurs' prior experience of entrepreneurial activities on entrepreneurial self-efficacy, opportunity recognition, and fear of failure which are considered to be the main variables that shape entrepreneurial intention. And it analyzes how these factors have a significant effect on entrepreneurship intention. Along with this, the mediating role of these social cognitive attributes is analyzed in order to understand the path that leads from entrepreneurial experience to entrepreneurial intention. This study also suggests how gender moderates the effect of entrepreneurship experience on social cognitive attributes. As a result of the analysis, it was found that entrepreneurial experience increase entrepreneurial self-efficacy and opportunity recognition of entrepreneurs, and decrease the fear of failure. These social perception attribute significantly mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial experience and entrepreneurial intention. This study also found that there are significant moderating effects of gender on the relationship of entrepreneurial experience and both of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and fear of failure. This study also analyzed the impact of the entrepreneurial experience of failure, which corresponds to the detailed experience. Similar to the results of entrepreneurial experience analysis, entrepreneurial experience of failure plays a role in enhancing entrepreneurial self-efficacy. However, its effect on opportunity recognition and fear of failure were not significant. An empirical analysis of data related to 25,047 entrepreneurs from 87 countries, using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), shows the differences in the formation of individuals' entrepreneurial intentions according to entrepreneurial experience and the mediating role of social cognitive attributes. The study has embodied the social cognitive theory on entrepreneurial intention by shedding light on the variables that are important but alienated for increasing entrepreneurial intention. Moreover, the study enhances the understanding of cognitive processes leading from individual experiences to entrepreneurial intentions. This study also emphasizes the importance of differentiated approach by gender for boosting entrepreneurial intention through analysis of moderating effect of gender.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.203-215
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• 2017

Recently, interest in Pedestrian Navigation Service (PNS) is being increased due to the diffusion of smart phone and the improvement of location determination technology and it is efficient to use landmarks in route guidance for pedestrians due to the characteristics of pedestrians' movement and success rate of path finding. Accordingly, researches on extracting landmarks have been progressed. However, preceding researches have a limit that they only considered the difference between buildings and did not consider visual attention of maps in display of PNS. This study improves this problem by defining building attributes as local variable and global variable. Local variables reflect the saliency of buildings by representing the difference between buildings and global variables reflects the visual attention by representing the inherent characteristics of buildings. Also, this study considers the connectivity of network and solves the overlapping problem of landmark candidate groups by network voronoi diagram. To extract landmarks, we defined building attribute data based on preceding researches. Next, we selected a choice point for pedestrians in pedestrian network data, and determined landmark candidate groups at each choice point. Building attribute data were calculated in the extracted landmark candidate groups and finally landmarks were extracted by principal component analysis. We applied the proposed method to a part of Gwanak-gu, Seoul and this study evaluated the extracted landmarks by making a comparison with labels and landmarks used by portal sites such as the NAVER and the DAUM. In conclusion, 132 landmarks (60.3%) among 219 landmarks of the NAVER and the DAUM were extracted by the proposed method and we confirmed that 228 landmarks which there are not labels or landmarks in the NAVER and the DAUM were helpful to determine a change of direction in path finding of local level.