• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
• /
• 2023.10a
• /
• pp.539-545
• /
• 2023

초거대 언어모델은 심화된 언어적 이해를 요구하는 여러 분야에 높은 영향력을 미치고 있으나, 그에 수반되는 편향성과 윤리성에 대한 우려 또한 함께 증대되었다. 특히 편향된 언어모델은 인종, 성적 지향 등과 같은 다양한 속성을 가진 개인들에 대한 편견을 강화시킬 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 편향성에 관한 연구는 대부분 영어 문화권에 한정적이며 한국어에 관한 연구 또한 한국에서 발생하는 지역 갈등, 젠더 갈등 등의 사회적 문제를 반영하지 못한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 ChatGPT의 내재된 편향성을 도출하기 위해 의도적으로 다양한 페르소나를 부여하고 한국의 사회적 쟁점들을 기반으로 프롬프트 집합을 구성하여 생성된 문장의 독성을 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 특정 페르소나 또는 프롬프트에 관해서는 지속적으로 유해한 문장을 생성하는 경향성이 나타났다. 또한 각 페르소나-쟁점에 대해 사회가 갖는 편향된 시각이 모델에 그대로 반영되어, 각 조합에 따라 생성된 문장의 독성 분포에 유의미한 차이를 보이는 것을 확인했다.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
• /
• 2008.11a
• /
• pp.96-99
• /
• 2008

본 논문은 의료 영상을 효과적으로 분류하고 검색 하기 위한 새로운 알고리즘을 제안한다. 의료 영상 중 X-Ray 영상은 어두운 배경에 반해 밝은 전경을 갖고 있기 때문에, 전경의 두드러진 부분에서만 시각 기술자로 추출한다. 우선, 색 구조 기술자(H-CSD)에서 해리스 코너 검출기로 검출한 관심 포인트들에서 색상 특징을 추출하고, 경계선 히스토그램 기술자에서 영상의 전역 및 지역적 질감 특징을 추출한다. 추출된 특징 벡터는 멀티클래스 SVM 에 적용되어 각 영상을 위한 멤버십 스코어를 얻는다. 이후, H-CSD와 EHD 에 대한 SVM 의 멤버십 스코어를 앙상블 결합하여 하나의 특징 벡터로 생성하고, K-nearest Neighborhood 방법을 이용하여 상위-K 개의 영상을 검색을 하도록 하였다. imageCLEFmed2007 을 이용한 실험 결과에서 다른 전역적 속성 또는 분류 기반 검색 방법에 비교하여 보다 개선된 검색 성능을 나타냄을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.37 no.7
• /
• pp.942-952
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the quality of take-out services at restaurants in Chungbuk Province. A questionnaire survey by 450 customers who had experience in take-out service at the restaurants was conducted and 378 completed questionnaires were available for statistical evaluation. Statistical analyses were made of raw data by SAS V8.2. The scale for analyzing the importance and performance of the service quality was composed of 5-point Likert scales. The main results of this study are as follow: The quality attributes of take-out service were rearranged into four factors in terms of food, sanitation, access and service. The importance score was higher than performance score. IPA showed that 'freshness of food material', 'cleanliness and hygiene in food', 'sanitation of facilities', 'neatness of employees' and 'price in food' was included in 'focus here' area. There was significantly positive correlation between factors such as food, sanitation, access, service and overall customer satisfaction (p<.001); between factors and repurchasing intentions (p<.001); and between customer satisfaction and repurchasing intentions (p<.001). According to multiple regression analysis, 26.27% of the variance in respondents' overall satisfaction score and 9.21% of the variance in respondents' repurchasing intention score could be explained by factors such as food, sanitation, access and service.

• Management & Information Systems Review
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.143-167
• /
• 2010

Diverse research topics relating to Social Network Services (SNS) such as, social affective factors in relationships among internet users, social capital value of SNS, comparing attributes why users are intending to participate in SNS, user's lifestyle and their preferences, and the exploratory seeking potential of SNS as a social capital need to be focused on. However, these researches that have been undertaken only consider facts at a particular period of the changing computing environment. In accordance with this indispensability, the integrated view on what technical, social and business characteristics and attributes need to be acknowledged. The purpose of this study is to analyze the evolving attributes and characteristics of SNS from Web 1.0 to Mobile web 2.0 through the Web 2.0 and Mobile 1.0 period. Based on the relevant literature, the attributes that drive the changing technological, social and business aspects of SNS have been developed and analyzed. This exploratory study analyzed major attributes and relationships between SNS and users by changing the paradigms which represented each period. It classified and chronicled each period by representing paradigms and deducted the attributes by considering three aspects such as technological, social and business administration. The major findings of this study are, firstly, the web based computing environment has been changed into the platform attribute for users in the aspect of technology. Users can only read, listen and view information through the web site in the early stages, but now it is possible that users can create, modify and distribute all kinds of information. Secondly, the few knowledge producers of web services have been changed into a collective intelligence by groups of people in the aspect of society. Information authority has been distributed and there is no limit to its spread. Many businesses recognized the potential of the SNS and they are considering how to utilize these advantages toward channel of promotion and marketing. Thirdly, the conventional marketing channel has been changed into oral transmission by using SNS. The market of innovative mobile technology such as smart phones, which provide convenience and access-ability toward customers, has been enlarged. New opportunities to build friendly relationship between business and customers as a new marketing chance have been created. Finally, the role of the consumer has been changed into the leading role of a prosumer. Users can create, modify and distribute information, and are performing the dual role of customer and producer.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.151-174
• /
• 2022

According to the "Special Act on the Restoration and Maintenance of the Core Relics of the Shilla Kingdom" enacted in 2019, the Shilla Kingdom refers to the capital of Shilla and Unified Shilla period, and refers to Gyeongju, where the king lived, and the nearby area. Shilla Wanggyeong is a heritage registered on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2000 under the name of Gyeongju Historic Site and belongs to Wolseong District, Hwangnyongsa District, and Daeneungwon District among the five districts registered as Gyeongju Historic Site. Unlike the Namsan and Sanseong districts, the Shilla Kingdom is a heritage consisting mostly of archaeological sites without physical substance. Gyeongju City sought to promote local tourism while providing more direct experiences to visitors by restoring the heritage that constitutes the Shilla Kingdom. Starting with the restoration of Woljeonggyo Bridge in 2005, the Shilla Wanggyeong restoration project began in earnest. Gyeongju City tried to restore the building site on the west side of Donggung Palace and Wolji after Woljeonggyo Bridge, but it was canceled due to opposition from the UNESCO World Heritage Committee. The World Heritage Committee opposed the restoration and recommended a heritage impact assessment for similar projects in the future. During the miscarriage impact assessment procedure, there is an OUV attribute analysis process of the heritage to be evaluated. This study intends to preemptively derive OUV attributes for the Silla Kingdom through literature and overseas case analysis. In the case of literature research, domestic and foreign research data related to the UNESCO World Heritage Convention and World Heritage Management were examined, and in overseas cases, the architectural works of Krakow Historical District, Stonehenge and Abbury Geoseok Ruins in England, and Le Corbusier were analyzed. Through this, the outstanding universal value attributes of the Silla Kingdom were derived. This study is expected to be used as a reference in the process of restoration projects of other heritage constituting the Shilla Kingdom or construction plans in nearby areas in the future and serve as an indicator to improve the management system of the Shilla Kingdom more efficiently from the perspective of world heritage.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.127-147
• /
• 2022

Pre-service science teacher education is important to elaborate the quality of science teaching and learning in schools. Therefore, many pre-service science teacher education researches have been done in Korea. However, almost no research has comprehensively reviewed those literatures including secondary teacher education context. This study reviewed 410 pre-service science teacher education researches in Korea, from 1995 to 2021 published by 17 journals in KCI. The trends were analyzed with respect to the number of article according to period, keyword frequency, and qualitative features. The qualitative features were coded in multiple aspects of pre-service teachers' type, major, subject-matter in research context, research approach, data type, and the number of participants. The results indicate that the number of research articles has increased by about 40 for every 5-year period. JKASE has published most articles, and the diversity of journals has increased since 2010. Keyword frequency revealed that scientific concepts, science teaching efficacy, nature of science, and other teaching and learning contexts were emphasized. In qualitative features, the most frequent pre-service type was secondary in 'general' science context. For research topic, 'pre-service teacher education program' and 'perception and cognitive domain' were the most frequent. Most of the articles have 'analyzed' the phenomena or consequence of educational issue. Most research was conducted with 11 to 30 participants. These patterns of qualitative features have differed according to period, and types of pre-service teacher. Suggestions for the future pre-service science teacher education research topic were explored, such as policy-administrative research, integrated science teacher education, teacher agency, and environmental education.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.56 no.3
• /
• pp.315-329
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study examined the meal-kit consumption practices of adults in their 20s and 30s and analyzed the properties that should be given priority for improvement among the selection attributes to improve the quality of meal-kits. Methods: Statistical analyses were conducted using the SPSS program (ver. 28.0) for χ²-test, t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Duncan's multiple range test, factor analysis, and Importance-Satisfaction Analysis (ISA). Results: Of the 249 subjects surveyed, 85.5% had some experience of purchasing meal-kits, with significantly more females than males (p < 0.01), significantly more married people than single people (p < 0.05), significantly more employed people than unemployed people (p < 0.05). Meal-kits were purchased most frequently for meals (60.6%), from discount stores or supermarkets (44.6%), and priced between 10,000 won and 20,000 won per person (46.9%). The overall satisfaction with meal-kits was 4.1 out of 5.0 points. The frequency of purchases was Korean soup dishes (69.5%), Korean main dishes (47.4%), and Korean street snacks (46.9%). Factor analysis of the meal-kit selection attributes revealed, 4 factors: 'quality of food,' 'packaging and diversity,' 'quality of meal-kit,' and 'convenience and price.' Compared to single-person households, multi-person households placed significantly higher importance on the 'quality of food,' 'packaging and diversity,' and 'quality of meal-kit.' The factor, 'packaging and diversity' were significantly higher in the importance evaluation scores for females (p < 0.01), married people (p < 0.05), and people in their 30s (p < 0.05) among meal-kit consumers. According to the ISA results, a critical aspect that meal-kit manufacturers or sellers should strengthen is 'price.' Conclusion: Meal-kit products will need to be developed for various purposes that offer high value for money that can satisfy the consumers' needs to improve the satisfaction of meal-kit consumers.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.17-34
• /
• 2011

Because the mobile services is composed of heterogeneous attributes, it is hard to find out customer's potential needs and more difficult to analyze customer's satisfaction factors toward mobile services. Therefore, this study approached this issue from a new viewpoint and applied Kano Model in analyzing customer's satisfaction and dissatisfaction factors toward mobile services. By using Kano Model, it tried to find out how differently customers perceive the mobile services. Firstly, we found out perception gaps of Korean and American customers toward mobile services. While Korean customers perceived most mobile services as indifferent service attributes, American customers perceived them as attractive service attributes. We could find main reasons of these perception differences from different national backgrounds and adoption rates of smart phones between two countries. Secondly, based on TRI scores, we categorized subjects into four groups and named as Pioneers, Explorers, Skeptics and Laggards. And then we examined the perception differences to mobile services among four groups. We found that there were no significant perception differences among four groups.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.8
• /
• pp.315-326
• /
• 2020

Corporate efforts to build strong brands have made consumers interested in brand love. In the field of brand love, however, there is a lack of systematic research on the multidimensionality of the concept of brand love and on the scale development to measure it. Thus, based on the methodological research design of Churchill(1979) and DeVellis(1991), this study explored properties of brand love and classified them into two levels - 'emotion' and 'relationship' - and generated corresponding measurement items. To do this, the research was conducted in a total of eight stages, including preliminary studies such as literature review, open surveys, and in-depth interviews, as well as the main study process in which the factors were analyzed step by step. As a result, the level of emotion appeared to have five subcomponents (self-esteem, warmth, interest, responsibility, pleasure) with 19 items, and the level of relationship - three subcomponents (unchanging, sharing/supporting, understanding) with 11 items, adding up to a total of 30 measurement items for brand love with reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and nomological validity. Additionally, we intended to expand the scope of research related to brand love by presenting the result model of organic interaction between the concepts that constitute brand love and proposing '4 categories of brand love strength' based on it.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.8
• /
• pp.501-511
• /
• 2020

This qualitative research examined the experiences and patterns of military life of service maladaptive soldiers. The research site was the place where the soldiers of the A-adaptive soldiers' healing program were conducted, and the study period was conducted from September 2016 to December 2017. Maladaptive soldiers' military life experience pattern was analyzed, and their experience consisted of three domains (early domain after joining the army, middle domain after joining the army, and last domain where they failed to adapt themselves), five cultural themes, 12 categories, and 29 attributes. The cultural themes of maladaptive soldiers in their military life experiences were as follows: facing unfamiliar military culture, hardship, being left alone in a group, pain becoming unbearable, and the last choice of leaving a painful military life. Maladaptive soldiers attempted suicide after they failed to overcome the psychological pain, but they needed help during their early period of adaptation. Moreover, during their middle period of adaptation, they needed guidance for their immature coping strategies, and ultimately they had misperceptions about their death together with a pessimistic view about their life. These results are expected to be used as basic data for the development of mental nursing arbitration programs and suicide prevention projects to help service maladaptive soldiers.